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Föräldraskapsregleringen vid insemination utanför den svenska vården - är den diskriminerande?

Willman, Sara LU (2015) LAGF03 20152
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract
The purpose of the essay is to examine whether the Swedish regulation of parenthood through insemination outside of Swedish care is subject to the prohibition against discrimination in the instrument of government or European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). As of now, regulations of parenthood differ based on the couple’s sexuality when an insemination has taken place outside of Swedish care. Insemination is defined as the artificial introduction of semen in a woman with the aim to get pregnant. The insemination takes place either within Swedish care, foreign care or at home. When an insemination is carried out within Swedish care the partner of the mother can consent, thus being recognized as a parent to the child, regardless of the... (More)
The purpose of the essay is to examine whether the Swedish regulation of parenthood through insemination outside of Swedish care is subject to the prohibition against discrimination in the instrument of government or European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). As of now, regulations of parenthood differ based on the couple’s sexuality when an insemination has taken place outside of Swedish care. Insemination is defined as the artificial introduction of semen in a woman with the aim to get pregnant. The insemination takes place either within Swedish care, foreign care or at home. When an insemination is carried out within Swedish care the partner of the mother can consent, thus being recognized as a parent to the child, regardless of the couple’s sexuality.
However, should the insemination take place within foreign care or at home, only heterosexual couples have the possibility of consenting to parenthood. Homosexual couples are required to apply for adoption after the baby’s birth in order for both partners to be recognized as parents. Since adopting a child is a lengthy process, homosexual couples lose both the opportunity of getting an equality-bonus and the security of knowing that the child has a second parent should complications occur during labor.
The prohibition against discrimination in the instrument of government does not apply retroactively. Since the regulation of parenthood was established prior to the regulation in the instrument of government, it does not fall within the prohibition’s application.
In ECHR there is a margin of appreciation, making it possible to take nation interests into account. If a Swedish regulation is deemed discriminatory, the state has to justify the regulation by proving it is based on an objective ground and protects a legitimate interest.
The conclusion of the essay is that the regulation is likely to fall within the prohibition of discrimination in ECHR, but not in the instrument of government. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Syftet med uppsatsen är att utreda ifall föräldraskapsregleringen vid insemination utanför den svenska vården omfattas av diskrimineringsförbuden i regeringsformen (RF) respektive Europeiska Konventionen om skydd för de mänskliga rättigheterna och de grundläggande friheterna (EKMR). I dagsläget gäller olika föräldraskapsregleringar för hetero- och homosexuella par när en insemination skett utanför den svenska vården. Insemination innebär att en kvinna insemineras med spermier för att bli gravid. Antingen sker inseminationen inom den svenska vården, inom utländsk vård eller i privat regi. När den sker vid svenskt sjukhus kan partnern som inte insemineras, i såväl hetero- som homosexuella par, samtycka och därmed anses vara förälder.
Sker... (More)
Syftet med uppsatsen är att utreda ifall föräldraskapsregleringen vid insemination utanför den svenska vården omfattas av diskrimineringsförbuden i regeringsformen (RF) respektive Europeiska Konventionen om skydd för de mänskliga rättigheterna och de grundläggande friheterna (EKMR). I dagsläget gäller olika föräldraskapsregleringar för hetero- och homosexuella par när en insemination skett utanför den svenska vården. Insemination innebär att en kvinna insemineras med spermier för att bli gravid. Antingen sker inseminationen inom den svenska vården, inom utländsk vård eller i privat regi. När den sker vid svenskt sjukhus kan partnern som inte insemineras, i såväl hetero- som homosexuella par, samtycka och därmed anses vara förälder.
Sker inseminationen utanför den svenska vården, alltså inom utländsk vård eller i hemmet, kan heterosexuella par samtycka. Homosexuella par kan istället bli föräldrar via adoption efter att barnet fötts. Eftersom adoptionen tar tid går paren miste om jämställdhetsbonus och tryggheten att veta att båda är föräldrar ifall något skulle hända den födande modern.
Diskrimineringsförbudet mot sexuell läggning i RF gäller inte retroaktivt. Då regleringen av föräldraskapet är äldre än bestämmelsen i RF faller den utanför diskrimineringsförbudets tillämpningsområde.
I EKMR finns det utrymme för de anslutna staterna att ta hänsyn till nationella intressen. Om en svensk reglering visar sig vara diskriminerande är det upp till staten att motivera att regleringen bygger på en objektiv grund och skyddar ett legitimt intresse.
Slutsatsen är att regleringen troligtvis faller inom diskrimineringsförbudet i EKMR, men inte i RF. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Willman, Sara LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
The regulation of parenthood through insemination outside the Swedish care - is it discriminatory?
course
LAGF03 20152
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Mänskliga rättigheter, human rights, diskriminering, discrimination, sexuell läggning: föräldraskap, parenthood, sexual preference, regeringsformen, konventionen, convention
language
Swedish
id
8511550
date added to LUP
2016-02-24 08:10:51
date last changed
2016-02-24 08:10:51
@misc{8511550,
  abstract     = {{The purpose of the essay is to examine whether the Swedish regulation of parenthood through insemination outside of Swedish care is subject to the prohibition against discrimination in the instrument of government or European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). As of now, regulations of parenthood differ based on the couple’s sexuality when an insemination has taken place outside of Swedish care. Insemination is defined as the artificial introduction of semen in a woman with the aim to get pregnant. The insemination takes place either within Swedish care, foreign care or at home. When an insemination is carried out within Swedish care the partner of the mother can consent, thus being recognized as a parent to the child, regardless of the couple’s sexuality.
However, should the insemination take place within foreign care or at home, only heterosexual couples have the possibility of consenting to parenthood. Homosexual couples are required to apply for adoption after the baby’s birth in order for both partners to be recognized as parents. Since adopting a child is a lengthy process, homosexual couples lose both the opportunity of getting an equality-bonus and the security of knowing that the child has a second parent should complications occur during labor.
The prohibition against discrimination in the instrument of government does not apply retroactively. Since the regulation of parenthood was established prior to the regulation in the instrument of government, it does not fall within the prohibition’s application.
In ECHR there is a margin of appreciation, making it possible to take nation interests into account. If a Swedish regulation is deemed discriminatory, the state has to justify the regulation by proving it is based on an objective ground and protects a legitimate interest.
The conclusion of the essay is that the regulation is likely to fall within the prohibition of discrimination in ECHR, but not in the instrument of government.}},
  author       = {{Willman, Sara}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Föräldraskapsregleringen vid insemination utanför den svenska vården - är den diskriminerande?}},
  year         = {{2015}},
}