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Den kommunala självstyrelsens innebörd och omfattning

Callsen, Niklas LU (2015) LAGM01 20161
Department of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Den kommunala självstyrelsen tillmäts väldigt stor betydelse i det svenska statsskicket. Att så är fallet framgår bland annat av att regeringsformens (1974:152) inledande paragraf slår fast att den svenska folkstyrelsen förverkligas genom kommunal självstyrelse.
Trots att stor betydelse fästs vid den kommunala självstyrelsen saknar begreppet en klar definition. Syftet med denna uppsats är inte att försöka definiera begreppet utan istället att undersöka och analysera den kommunala självstyrelsen innebörd och omfattning. Uppsatsen inleder därför med att beskriva självstyrelsens historiska utveckling från tiden för 1862 års kommunalförordningar och framåt. Efter den historiska bakgrunden går uppsatsen vidare till att behandla de bestämmelser... (More)
Den kommunala självstyrelsen tillmäts väldigt stor betydelse i det svenska statsskicket. Att så är fallet framgår bland annat av att regeringsformens (1974:152) inledande paragraf slår fast att den svenska folkstyrelsen förverkligas genom kommunal självstyrelse.
Trots att stor betydelse fästs vid den kommunala självstyrelsen saknar begreppet en klar definition. Syftet med denna uppsats är inte att försöka definiera begreppet utan istället att undersöka och analysera den kommunala självstyrelsen innebörd och omfattning. Uppsatsen inleder därför med att beskriva självstyrelsens historiska utveckling från tiden för 1862 års kommunalförordningar och framåt. Efter den historiska bakgrunden går uppsatsen vidare till att behandla de bestämmelser som idag reglerar den kommunala självstyrelsen.
Det framgår av uppsatsen att den kommunala självstyrelsen inte ska betraktas som ett begrepp med en fast innebörd. Istället är den en princip för relationen mellan stat och kommuner som gäller för hela den kommunala verksamheten. Lagstiftaren har valt att inte ge principen en fast innebörd för att det ska vara lättare att anpassa den kommunala självstyrelsen i takt med att samhället förändras. Eftersom Sverige är en enhetsstat står det dock klart att den kommunala självstyrelsen inte kan vara hur omfattande som helst. Det ankommer på riksdagen att bestämma omfattningen av självstyrelsen och dess beslut kan inte överklagas.
Då principen gäller för all kommunal verksamhet framgår dess omfattning av kommunernas sammanlagda kompetens. För att fastställa hur omfattande självstyrelsen är ägnas därför en stor del av uppsatsen också åt att beskriva kommunernas kompetens. Man skiljer mellan kommunernas allmänna kompetens och deras speciella kompetens. Den allmänna kompetensen baseras på kommunallagens bestämmelser och den kan beskrivas som kommunernas grundläggande kompetens. Den speciella kompetensen framgår av ett 20-tal speciallagar som på olika sätt utökar, men i vissa avseenden också inskränker, kommunernas kompetens. Kommunernas initiativrätt beskrivs ibland som den kommunala självstyrelsens kärna och den baseras nästan uteslutande på kommunernas allmänna kompetens. Av de ovanstående anledningarna fokuserar uppsatsen på att beskriva de principer i kommunallagen som styr den allmänna kompetensen. (Less)
Abstract
A great deal of importance is attached to the concept of local self-government in the Swedish form of government. This can be seen by the fact that the very first paragraph of The Instrument of Government Act (1974: 152) establishes that Sweden’s democracy is realized through local self-government.
Despite the significance of the concept there is no clear definition of what local self-government means. The purpose of this essay is not to define the term, but instead to investigate and analyze its meaning and how far it extends. The essay therefore begins by describing its historical development, from the time of the 1862 municipal regulations and onwards. After the historical background the essay moves on to describe the statutory... (More)
A great deal of importance is attached to the concept of local self-government in the Swedish form of government. This can be seen by the fact that the very first paragraph of The Instrument of Government Act (1974: 152) establishes that Sweden’s democracy is realized through local self-government.
Despite the significance of the concept there is no clear definition of what local self-government means. The purpose of this essay is not to define the term, but instead to investigate and analyze its meaning and how far it extends. The essay therefore begins by describing its historical development, from the time of the 1862 municipal regulations and onwards. After the historical background the essay moves on to describe the statutory provisions regulating local self-government today.
As this paper shows, local self-government should not be seen as a term with a fixed meaning. Instead it is a principle for the relationship between the state and the municipalities, and this principle applies to the entire municipal operations. The legislature has opted not to give the principle a fixed meaning so it can be more adaptable to changes in society. However it is clear that since Sweden is a unitary state the municipalities’ autonomy cannot be unlimited. It is the parliament that decide how far the autonomy should be extended and its decision is not possible to appeal.
How far the principle extends correlate with the municipalities’ total competence because of the fact that the principle applies to the entire municipal operations. A large portion of the essay is dedicated to describing the municipalities’ competence in order to determine how far the autonomy extends. A distinction is made between the municipalities’ general competence and their special competence. The general competence is based on the regulations in the Local Government Act (1991: 900) and can be described as the municipalities’ foundational competence. The special competence is founded on some twenty different special legislations that in various ways increases, and in some regards also reduces, the municipalities’ competence. The municipalities’ right to take initiatives of their own is sometimes referred to as the core of the principle of local self-government, and it is almost entirely based on the above mentioned general competence. For these reasons this essay focuses on describing the principles in the Local Government Act that determines the municipalities’ general competence. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Callsen, Niklas LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Local self-government - What it means and how far it extends
course
LAGM01 20161
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
Förvaltningsrätt
language
Swedish
id
8872097
date added to LUP
2016-06-17 14:13:14
date last changed
2016-06-17 14:13:14
@misc{8872097,
  abstract     = {{A great deal of importance is attached to the concept of local self-government in the Swedish form of government. This can be seen by the fact that the very first paragraph of The Instrument of Government Act (1974: 152) establishes that Sweden’s democracy is realized through local self-government.
Despite the significance of the concept there is no clear definition of what local self-government means. The purpose of this essay is not to define the term, but instead to investigate and analyze its meaning and how far it extends. The essay therefore begins by describing its historical development, from the time of the 1862 municipal regulations and onwards. After the historical background the essay moves on to describe the statutory provisions regulating local self-government today.
As this paper shows, local self-government should not be seen as a term with a fixed meaning. Instead it is a principle for the relationship between the state and the municipalities, and this principle applies to the entire municipal operations. The legislature has opted not to give the principle a fixed meaning so it can be more adaptable to changes in society. However it is clear that since Sweden is a unitary state the municipalities’ autonomy cannot be unlimited. It is the parliament that decide how far the autonomy should be extended and its decision is not possible to appeal.
How far the principle extends correlate with the municipalities’ total competence because of the fact that the principle applies to the entire municipal operations. A large portion of the essay is dedicated to describing the municipalities’ competence in order to determine how far the autonomy extends. A distinction is made between the municipalities’ general competence and their special competence. The general competence is based on the regulations in the Local Government Act (1991: 900) and can be described as the municipalities’ foundational competence. The special competence is founded on some twenty different special legislations that in various ways increases, and in some regards also reduces, the municipalities’ competence. The municipalities’ right to take initiatives of their own is sometimes referred to as the core of the principle of local self-government, and it is almost entirely based on the above mentioned general competence. For these reasons this essay focuses on describing the principles in the Local Government Act that determines the municipalities’ general competence.}},
  author       = {{Callsen, Niklas}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Den kommunala självstyrelsens innebörd och omfattning}},
  year         = {{2015}},
}