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EU-rättens hantering av idrottsliga hinder av den fria rörligheten för arbetstagare

Friman, Erik LU (2016) LAGF03 20161
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract
The phenomenon of sport has historically enjoyed a special status in law,
which has meant that sport and its organisations themselves have been regulating their activities by legislating their own laws and rules without interference from the rest of society. The reasons for this are several but are often based on the idea that sport is such a phenomenon that does not lend itself to be force into the society's other frames. In step with the increasing commercialization in sport, society are beginning to demand that the rules that apply in general must also apply to sport. This has meant a development where previously unchallenged autonomy of sport is gradually restricted.

EU law entry has been a factor in this development, since the... (More)
The phenomenon of sport has historically enjoyed a special status in law,
which has meant that sport and its organisations themselves have been regulating their activities by legislating their own laws and rules without interference from the rest of society. The reasons for this are several but are often based on the idea that sport is such a phenomenon that does not lend itself to be force into the society's other frames. In step with the increasing commercialization in sport, society are beginning to demand that the rules that apply in general must also apply to sport. This has meant a development where previously unchallenged autonomy of sport is gradually restricted.

EU law entry has been a factor in this development, since the decisions of
sports governing bodies are increasingly challenged by EU law rules. This
has meant that today the rights and obligations that sport and its practitioners enjoys originates partly from the rules laid down by sporting bodies but also from the "common" law.

An interesting situation arises when these rules represent different interests,
and perhaps even stand in direct conflict with each other. On these occasions the result has often been that sport has had to change its rules, which often has led to revolutionary changes for sport.

This paper examine how such a situation in the field of labor law is treated. The paper aims to analyse how EU law on free movement of workers is related to sport. On the one hand, EU law on free movement of workers aims to complete the internal market. On the other hand, there are sport rules about transitions and compositions of law that aims to affirm the sporting interests such as safeguarding sporting competition and the regularity of sporting competitions. Based on practice, the legal cases analyzed in the paper outlines the obstacles that sport rules
have meant to the free movement of workers, as well as how the EU Court assessed whether these can be accepted.

This survey of the relevant practice shows that the assessment by the EU court to determine whether an obstacle to freedom of movement is acceptable revolve on an assessment whether there is a legitimate purpose for the rule, and whether this rule in turn is proportional in its ambition to achieve this objective. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Fenomenet idrott har historiskt sett åtnjutit en särställning rättsligt sett vilket inneburit att idrotten och dess organ själva har fått reglera sin verksamhet genom att stifta sina egna lagar och regler utan ingripande från övriga samhället. Anledningarna till denna självständiga normbildning är flera men utgår ofta från en föreställning om att idrott är ett sådant fenomen som inte lämpar sig att tvingas in i samhällets övriga ramar. I takt med den tilltagande kommersialiseringen inom idrotten har övriga samhället dock börjat ställa krav på att de regler om gäller i övrigt också måste gälla inom idrotten. Detta har inneburit en utveckling där idrottens tidigare ohotade autonomi succesivt inskränks.

EU-rättens inträde har varit en... (More)
Fenomenet idrott har historiskt sett åtnjutit en särställning rättsligt sett vilket inneburit att idrotten och dess organ själva har fått reglera sin verksamhet genom att stifta sina egna lagar och regler utan ingripande från övriga samhället. Anledningarna till denna självständiga normbildning är flera men utgår ofta från en föreställning om att idrott är ett sådant fenomen som inte lämpar sig att tvingas in i samhällets övriga ramar. I takt med den tilltagande kommersialiseringen inom idrotten har övriga samhället dock börjat ställa krav på att de regler om gäller i övrigt också måste gälla inom idrotten. Detta har inneburit en utveckling där idrottens tidigare ohotade autonomi succesivt inskränks.

EU-rättens inträde har varit en faktor i denna utveckling, då de beslut som fattats av idrottens organ i allt större utsträckning utmanats av EU-rättens regler. Detta har medfört att de rättigheter och skyldigheter som idrotten och dess utövare idag åtnjuter härstammar dels utifrån de regler som stadgas av idrottsliga organ men även utifrån den ”vanliga” rätten.

En intressant situation uppstår då dessa regler representerar olika intressen, och kanske rentav står i direkt konflikt med varandra. Vid dessa tillfällen har resultatet ofta blivit att idrotten har fått ändra sina regler, vilket ofta inneburit omvälvande förändringar för idrotten.

Denna uppsats utreder hur man hanterat en sådan situation inom det arbetsrättsliga området. Uppsatsen syftar till att undersöka hur EU-rättens bestämmelser om fri rörlighet för arbetstagare förhåller sig till idrotten.
Å ena sidan finns EU-rättens regler om fri rörlighet för arbetstagare som syftar till att förverkliga den inre marknaden. Å andra sidan finns idrottens regler kring övergångar och sammansättningar av lag som syftar till att bejaka idrottsliga intressen såsom säkerställandet sportslig konkurrens och regelbundenhet i idrottsliga tävlingar. Utifrån praxis analyseras flertalet rättsfall i uppsatsen vilka redogör för de hinder som idrottens regler inneburit mot den fria rörligheten för arbetstagare, samt hur EU-domstolen bedömt huruvida dessa kan godtas.

Utifrån denna kartläggning av relevant praxis visar det sig att EU-domstolens bedömning av om ett hinder mot den fria rörligheten kan godtas kretsar kring en bedömning av huruvida det föreligger ett legitimt syfte till den idrottsliga regeln, samt huruvida denna regel i sin tur är proportionell i sin strävan att uppnå detta syfte. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Friman, Erik LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20161
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Fri rörlighet, Idrott, EU
language
Swedish
id
8874650
date added to LUP
2016-07-03 21:29:52
date last changed
2016-07-03 21:29:52
@misc{8874650,
  abstract     = {{The phenomenon of sport has historically enjoyed a special status in law,
which has meant that sport and its organisations themselves have been regulating their activities by legislating their own laws and rules without interference from the rest of society. The reasons for this are several but are often based on the idea that sport is such a phenomenon that does not lend itself to be force into the society's other frames. In step with the increasing commercialization in sport, society are beginning to demand that the rules that apply in general must also apply to sport. This has meant a development where previously unchallenged autonomy of sport is gradually restricted.

EU law entry has been a factor in this development, since the decisions of 
sports governing bodies are increasingly challenged by EU law rules. This 
has meant that today the rights and obligations that sport and its practitioners enjoys originates partly from the rules laid down by sporting bodies but also from the "common" law.

An interesting situation arises when these rules represent different interests, 
and perhaps even stand in direct conflict with each other. On these occasions the result has often been that sport has had to change its rules, which often has led to revolutionary changes for sport.

This paper examine how such a situation in the field of labor law is treated. The paper aims to analyse how EU law on free movement of workers is related to sport. On the one hand, EU law on free movement of workers aims to complete the internal market. On the other hand, there are sport rules about transitions and compositions of law that aims to affirm the sporting interests such as safeguarding sporting competition and the regularity of sporting competitions. Based on practice, the legal cases analyzed in the paper outlines the obstacles that sport rules 
have meant to the free movement of workers, as well as how the EU Court assessed whether these can be accepted.

This survey of the relevant practice shows that the assessment by the EU court to determine whether an obstacle to freedom of movement is acceptable revolve on an assessment whether there is a legitimate purpose for the rule, and whether this rule in turn is proportional in its ambition to achieve this objective.}},
  author       = {{Friman, Erik}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{EU-rättens hantering av idrottsliga hinder av den fria rörligheten för arbetstagare}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}