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Avslutande av upphandlade kontrakt - Implementeringen av artikel 73 i direktiv 2014/24/EU i svensk rätt

Odell, Filip LU (2016) JURM02 20162
Department of Law
Abstract
Public procurement law is often described as part civil law and part public law. The public procurement regulation has despite this traditionally been viewed as primarily regulating the procedure of public procurement, and thus without any influence on national contract law. The contract law has thereby been described as a sacred cow, outside the reach of public procurement regulation. Following the regulation of termination of contracts in directive 2014/24/EU, the question regarding the mutual influence of the respective jurisprudence is put to the test. The purpose of this paper is thus to determine whether the Swedish implementation of article 73 in directive 2014/24/EU fulfills the requirements of a possibility for termination of... (More)
Public procurement law is often described as part civil law and part public law. The public procurement regulation has despite this traditionally been viewed as primarily regulating the procedure of public procurement, and thus without any influence on national contract law. The contract law has thereby been described as a sacred cow, outside the reach of public procurement regulation. Following the regulation of termination of contracts in directive 2014/24/EU, the question regarding the mutual influence of the respective jurisprudence is put to the test. The purpose of this paper is thus to determine whether the Swedish implementation of article 73 in directive 2014/24/EU fulfills the requirements of a possibility for termination of contract for a contracting authority. As a part of this, the correlation between Swedish contract law and the public procurement regulation is reviewed.

The paper shows that the opinion of the independence of contract law in regards to public procurement is still upheld in Swedish legislative history. The primary development of public procurement regulations is however showing that public procurement law is encompassing more and more of the public contract. The paper also shows that the implementation of article 73 is flawed, which can be seen in the fact that the translation errors in the Swedish version of the directive is carried over to Swedish legislation. The legislation ultimately makes the courts responsible for securing the possibilities for a contracting authority to terminate a contract. Swedish contract law offers some possibilities to terminate a contract, but the contracting authority will primarily be responsible for regulating the subject in their contract. The contracting authority might, despite this, be liable to pay substantial damages.

As the legislator has chosen to leave the matter to the courts to decide, there is a need for the courts to consider the requirements of directive 2014/24/EU. There is a possibility that there is a need for the Swedish contract law to be interpreted in the light of the EU law. This might be hindered by the strict separation of public procurement law and contract law that is currently advocated. The paper presents a number of conclusions, one being that there is great advantages to abandoning this separation and instead acknowledge the mutual influence that is apparent. Such a view on the borderland between contract law and public procurement law would ensure that Swedish law fulfills the requirements of directive 2014/24/EU. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Upphandlingsrätten beskrivs ofta som hälften civilrätt och hälften offentlig rätt. Trots detta har upphandlingsrätten traditionellt betraktats som en förfarandereglering, vilken inte ansetts ha någon påverkan på den nationella avtalsrätten. Avtalsrätten har som en följd av detta beskrivits som en helig ko, utanför upphandlingsrättens räckvidd. I och med reglering av avslutande av avtal i direktiv 2014/24/EU/ ställs emellertid frågan om rättsområdenas inbördes påverkan på sin spets. Syftet med arbetet är således att utreda huruvida den svenska implementeringen av artikel 73 i direktiv 2014/24/EU uppfyller direktivets krav på säkerställande av en upphandlande myndighets möjlighet att avsluta kontrakt. Som en del i detta granskas den svenska... (More)
Upphandlingsrätten beskrivs ofta som hälften civilrätt och hälften offentlig rätt. Trots detta har upphandlingsrätten traditionellt betraktats som en förfarandereglering, vilken inte ansetts ha någon påverkan på den nationella avtalsrätten. Avtalsrätten har som en följd av detta beskrivits som en helig ko, utanför upphandlingsrättens räckvidd. I och med reglering av avslutande av avtal i direktiv 2014/24/EU/ ställs emellertid frågan om rättsområdenas inbördes påverkan på sin spets. Syftet med arbetet är således att utreda huruvida den svenska implementeringen av artikel 73 i direktiv 2014/24/EU uppfyller direktivets krav på säkerställande av en upphandlande myndighets möjlighet att avsluta kontrakt. Som en del i detta granskas den svenska avtalsrättens förhållande till upphandlingsrätten.

Utredningen visar att uppfattningen att den svenska avtalsrätten inte påverkas av upphandlingsrätten alltjämt kvarstår i de svenska förarbetena. Den generella utvecklingen går dock mot att regleringen av offentlig upphandling i allt större del omfattar samtliga aspekter av det upphandlade kontraktet. Utredningen visar även att implementeringen av artikel 73 är bristfällig, vilket bland annat återspeglas i att den begreppsmässiga inkonsekvensen i den svenska översättningen av direktivet förs vidare till svensk lagstiftning. Utformningen av den svenska lagstiftningen innebär att domstolarna ytterst ansvarar för den upphandlande myndighetens möjlighet att avsluta ett upphandlat kontrakt. Den allmänna avtalsrätten erbjuder vissa möjligheter att avsluta ett avtal, men till största del åligger det den upphandlande myndigheten att reglera frågan i avtal. Upphandlande myndighet riskerar dock, trots att den reglerar frågan i avtalet, kraftiga skadestånd.

Då lagstiftaren valt att ytterst överlämna till rättstillämpningen att avgöra frågan krävs det att de allmänna domstolarna beaktar kraven i direktiv 2014/24/EU och vid behov gör en mer eller mindre uttrycklig EU-konform tolkning av den svenska avtalsrätten. Detta försvåras dock av den strikta uppdelningen i förfarandelagstiftning och avtalsrätt som för tillfället råder. Uppsatsen presenterar ett antal slutsatser, bland annat att det finns stora fördelar i att släppa den strikta uppdelningen av rättsområdena och istället vidkänna den ömsesidiga påverkan som faktiskt finns. En sådan pluralistisk syn på gränslandet mellan avtalsrätt och offentlig upphandling skulle säkerställa att svensk lagstiftning uppfyller direktivets krav, och samtidigt medföra ett tydligare samspel mellan de olika rättsområdena. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Odell, Filip LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Termination of contracts - The implementation of article 73 of directive 2014/24/EU in Swedish national law.
course
JURM02 20162
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
EU-rätt, EU law, Förmögenhetsrätt, Förvaltningsrätt, Offentlig upphandling, Public procurement, avslutande, hävning, uppsägning, ogiltighet
language
Swedish
id
8897795
date added to LUP
2017-01-27 15:47:41
date last changed
2017-01-27 15:47:41
@misc{8897795,
  abstract     = {{Public procurement law is often described as part civil law and part public law. The public procurement regulation has despite this traditionally been viewed as primarily regulating the procedure of public procurement, and thus without any influence on national contract law. The contract law has thereby been described as a sacred cow, outside the reach of public procurement regulation. Following the regulation of termination of contracts in directive 2014/24/EU, the question regarding the mutual influence of the respective jurisprudence is put to the test. The purpose of this paper is thus to determine whether the Swedish implementation of article 73 in directive 2014/24/EU fulfills the requirements of a possibility for termination of contract for a contracting authority. As a part of this, the correlation between Swedish contract law and the public procurement regulation is reviewed.

The paper shows that the opinion of the independence of contract law in regards to public procurement is still upheld in Swedish legislative history. The primary development of public procurement regulations is however showing that public procurement law is encompassing more and more of the public contract. The paper also shows that the implementation of article 73 is flawed, which can be seen in the fact that the translation errors in the Swedish version of the directive is carried over to Swedish legislation. The legislation ultimately makes the courts responsible for securing the possibilities for a contracting authority to terminate a contract. Swedish contract law offers some possibilities to terminate a contract, but the contracting authority will primarily be responsible for regulating the subject in their contract. The contracting authority might, despite this, be liable to pay substantial damages. 

As the legislator has chosen to leave the matter to the courts to decide, there is a need for the courts to consider the requirements of directive 2014/24/EU. There is a possibility that there is a need for the Swedish contract law to be interpreted in the light of the EU law. This might be hindered by the strict separation of public procurement law and contract law that is currently advocated. The paper presents a number of conclusions, one being that there is great advantages to abandoning this separation and instead acknowledge the mutual influence that is apparent. Such a view on the borderland between contract law and public procurement law would ensure that Swedish law fulfills the requirements of directive 2014/24/EU.}},
  author       = {{Odell, Filip}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Avslutande av upphandlade kontrakt - Implementeringen av artikel 73 i direktiv 2014/24/EU i svensk rätt}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}