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I hederns namn - En studie om rättssystemets hantering av hedersrelaterat våld

Holmer, Peter LU (2017) JURM02 20172
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Hedersrelaterat våld är ett ämne som engagerar. Förutom att ämnet debatteras flitigt i massmedia höjs regelbundet röster om att våldet borde särkriminaliseras, t.ex. genom ett införande av hedersmotiv som särskild straffskärpande grund. Men inom rättsvetenskapen är hedersvåld fortfarande ett förhållandevis outforskat område. Hur ser rättsystemet, särskilt domstolar, egentligen på och hur resonerar man kring hedersrelaterad brottslighet?

Syftet med uppsatsen är att utifrån ett tvärvetenskapligt perspektiv undersöka fenomenet hedersrelaterat våld. Syftet innefattar att definiera vad hedersrelaterat våld är, att undersöka hur våldet manifesteras och hur den faktiska rättsliga hanteringen ser ut, samt att föra en diskussion kring eventuell... (More)
Hedersrelaterat våld är ett ämne som engagerar. Förutom att ämnet debatteras flitigt i massmedia höjs regelbundet röster om att våldet borde särkriminaliseras, t.ex. genom ett införande av hedersmotiv som särskild straffskärpande grund. Men inom rättsvetenskapen är hedersvåld fortfarande ett förhållandevis outforskat område. Hur ser rättsystemet, särskilt domstolar, egentligen på och hur resonerar man kring hedersrelaterad brottslighet?

Syftet med uppsatsen är att utifrån ett tvärvetenskapligt perspektiv undersöka fenomenet hedersrelaterat våld. Syftet innefattar att definiera vad hedersrelaterat våld är, att undersöka hur våldet manifesteras och hur den faktiska rättsliga hanteringen ser ut, samt att föra en diskussion kring eventuell problematik kring den rättsliga hanteringen. Fokus ligger särskilt på tillämpningen av medverkansinstitutet samt domstolarnas bedömning av straffvärde. Uppsatsen baseras främst på sociologisk doktrin samt ett antal utvalda rättsfall.

Hedersvåld kan definieras som våldshandlingar som syftar till att kontrollera, bestraffa eller hämnas någon som genom brott mot den sociala normen, särskilt den kvinnliga kyskhetsnormen, kränkt eller riskerar att kränka individens eller familjens heder, och där motivet bakom handlingen är att återupprätta eller upprätthålla hedern. Våldet kännetecknas av att det riktas mot närstående och är sanktionerat av familjen. Sett utifrån de undersökta rättsfallen är våldet synnerligen grovt, ofta med tortyrliknande och rituella inslag.

Det saknas en tydlig praxis för hur hedersmotiverade mord ska bedömas. I många fall berörs hedersfrågan överhuvudtaget inte, och i de fall hedersfrågan utreds råder det oenighet om hedersmotiv ska utgöra en försvårande omständighet eller ej. Rättstillämpningen är således inte enhetlig. I flera av de undersökta fallen har det också stått klart, eller funnits skäl att anta, att flera personer känt till brottsplanen och/eller uppmanat gärningsmannen att utföra dådet. Eventuella medverkare och anstiftare måste därmed på ett bättre sätt utredas och åtalas.

Det framstår som att någon form av klargörande huruvida hedersmotiv ska utgöra en försvårande omständighet behöver göras. Ett sådant klargörande bör dock ske genom politiska beslut, med hänsyn till att domstolarna, särskilt Högsta domstolen, under en lång tid varit ovilliga att etablera en tydlig praxis. Om lagstiftning riktad specifikt mot hedersbrott skulle införas, är det särskilt viktigt att risken för diskriminerande effekter beaktas, då sådan lagstiftning i praktiken endast skulle tillämpas på vissa minoritetsgrupper. (Less)
Abstract
Honor-related violence is a captivating topic. It has been a frequent subject of debate in Swedish mass media and voices have regularly been raised demanding that specific criminal laws against such crimes should be introduced, e.g. making honor motives an aggravating circumstance when deciding penalty. However, in legal doctrine, honor-related violence is still a relatively unexplored subject.

This essay aims, from an interdisciplinary perspective, to investigate honor-related violence, particularily honor killings. The purpose is partly to define what honor-related violence is, but also to investigate how the violence manifests itself. Thereafter, the intent is to investigate and discuss any identified problems regarding how the... (More)
Honor-related violence is a captivating topic. It has been a frequent subject of debate in Swedish mass media and voices have regularly been raised demanding that specific criminal laws against such crimes should be introduced, e.g. making honor motives an aggravating circumstance when deciding penalty. However, in legal doctrine, honor-related violence is still a relatively unexplored subject.

This essay aims, from an interdisciplinary perspective, to investigate honor-related violence, particularily honor killings. The purpose is partly to define what honor-related violence is, but also to investigate how the violence manifests itself. Thereafter, the intent is to investigate and discuss any identified problems regarding how the Swedish judicial system handles this kind of crime. The focus is especially on whether applicable laws as well as Supreme Court practice allows for a uniform adjudication, and to what extent participants and instigators of honor-related violence, beside the main perpetrator, are subject to prosecution. The essay is mainly based on sociological doctrine together with several selected cases of honor killings.

Honor-related violence can be defined as acts of violence that aims to punish someone, who by violating the social norm, especially the female chastity-norm, has dishonored the family, and where the motive behind the acts of violence is to uphold or restore the family’s honor. The violence is characterized by that it is usually aimed at closely related family members, and is sanctioned by the family.

Based on the investigated cases, the lower courts seems to be uncertain how to assess the subject of honor in honor-related killings. In several cases the lower court do not even touch on the subject, and in the cases it is assessed, the lower courts sometimes view it as an aggravating circumstance, and sometimes not. Thus, the application of the law is not uniform. In several of the investigated cases it has also been clear, or existed reasons to assume, that several other individuals, who did not have to stand trial, knew about the murder plans, and/or even encouraged or urged them. Thus, investigative action and prosecution against possible participants is not satisfactory in the investigated cases.

It seems some kind of clarification whether honor motives should be an aggravating circumstance or not is needed. Such a clarification needs to be shaped politically, considering the courts, especially the Supreme Court, seems to be unwilling to take a clear stand on the subject. If a special criminal law aimed at honor-related crimes were to be introduced, it is important that the risk of such a law being discriminatory is considered, as it in practice would be directed and applied on certain minority groups only. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Holmer, Peter LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
In the name of honor - A study about how the Swedish judicial system handles honor-related violence
course
JURM02 20172
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
straffrätt, criminal law, hedersvåld, hedersrelaterat våld, hedersbrott
language
Swedish
id
8929991
date added to LUP
2018-02-01 13:58:58
date last changed
2018-02-01 13:58:58
@misc{8929991,
  abstract     = {{Honor-related violence is a captivating topic. It has been a frequent subject of debate in Swedish mass media and voices have regularly been raised demanding that specific criminal laws against such crimes should be introduced, e.g. making honor motives an aggravating circumstance when deciding penalty. However, in legal doctrine, honor-related violence is still a relatively unexplored subject. 

This essay aims, from an interdisciplinary perspective, to investigate honor-related violence, particularily honor killings. The purpose is partly to define what honor-related violence is, but also to investigate how the violence manifests itself. Thereafter, the intent is to investigate and discuss any identified problems regarding how the Swedish judicial system handles this kind of crime. The focus is especially on whether applicable laws as well as Supreme Court practice allows for a uniform adjudication, and to what extent participants and instigators of honor-related violence, beside the main perpetrator, are subject to prosecution. The essay is mainly based on sociological doctrine together with several selected cases of honor killings.

Honor-related violence can be defined as acts of violence that aims to punish someone, who by violating the social norm, especially the female chastity-norm, has dishonored the family, and where the motive behind the acts of violence is to uphold or restore the family’s honor. The violence is characterized by that it is usually aimed at closely related family members, and is sanctioned by the family. 

Based on the investigated cases, the lower courts seems to be uncertain how to assess the subject of honor in honor-related killings. In several cases the lower court do not even touch on the subject, and in the cases it is assessed, the lower courts sometimes view it as an aggravating circumstance, and sometimes not. Thus, the application of the law is not uniform. In several of the investigated cases it has also been clear, or existed reasons to assume, that several other individuals, who did not have to stand trial, knew about the murder plans, and/or even encouraged or urged them. Thus, investigative action and prosecution against possible participants is not satisfactory in the investigated cases.

It seems some kind of clarification whether honor motives should be an aggravating circumstance or not is needed. Such a clarification needs to be shaped politically, considering the courts, especially the Supreme Court, seems to be unwilling to take a clear stand on the subject. If a special criminal law aimed at honor-related crimes were to be introduced, it is important that the risk of such a law being discriminatory is considered, as it in practice would be directed and applied on certain minority groups only.}},
  author       = {{Holmer, Peter}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{I hederns namn - En studie om rättssystemets hantering av hedersrelaterat våld}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}