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Miljöbalkens sakägarbegrepp - Om enskildas möjlighet till överprövning av vindkraftsetableringar

Lundgren, Rebecka LU (2017) LAGF03 20172
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Vindkraftsetableringar är idag vanliga runt om i landsbygden i Sverige. Vindkraftverk är ett miljövänligt alternativ för energi som hela samhället behöver. Samhällets behov av just förnyelsebara energikällor har ökat bara de senaste få åren. I april 2009 antogs Europaparlamentets och rådets direktiv 2009/28/EG om främjande av användningen av energi från förnybara energikällor. För Sveriges innebar antagandet att ett nationellt övergripande mål blev att andelen energi från förnybara energikällor av den slutliga energianvändningen ska år 2020 uppgå till 49 procent. Detta ledde till att Sverige var tvungna att uppföra ett stort antal nya vindkraftverk för att kunna nå det uppsatta nationella målet. Det är en viktig förutsättning för miljön,... (More)
Vindkraftsetableringar är idag vanliga runt om i landsbygden i Sverige. Vindkraftverk är ett miljövänligt alternativ för energi som hela samhället behöver. Samhällets behov av just förnyelsebara energikällor har ökat bara de senaste få åren. I april 2009 antogs Europaparlamentets och rådets direktiv 2009/28/EG om främjande av användningen av energi från förnybara energikällor. För Sveriges innebar antagandet att ett nationellt övergripande mål blev att andelen energi från förnybara energikällor av den slutliga energianvändningen ska år 2020 uppgå till 49 procent. Detta ledde till att Sverige var tvungna att uppföra ett stort antal nya vindkraftverk för att kunna nå det uppsatta nationella målet. Det är en viktig förutsättning för miljön, men som inte alltid är lika uppskattat av de som eventuellt kan komma att påverkas av störningar.
Det uppstår ofta en intressekonflikt när det gäller uppförandet av vindkraftsetableringar. I praxis kan man se att det finns många enskilda individer som anser att etableringarna påverkar deras hem/vardag/fastighet/intressen på ett negativt sätt. Dessa enskilda har dock rätt att yttra sig i vissa fall då det gäller tillståndspliktiga vindkraftverk. De enskilda innehar även en speciell rätt att överklaga ett beslut om vindkraftverk, om de är att benämna som sakägare. Denna definition av sakägare har länge varit omdiskuterad och har ännu inte en klar definition i lagtexten. Lagtexten, 16 kap 12 § 1 p miljöbalken, säger att man är att betrakta som sakägare om man är; den som domen eller beslutet angår, om avgörandet har gått honom eller henne emot. I propositionen till miljöbalken och även lagkommentarer är allmänna intressen uttryckligen undantagna de enskildas rätt att överklaga. Återigen är det svårt att definiera var gränsen går för ett allmänt intresse och allemansrätten har satts som en bortre gräns. Det finns dock forskare på miljörättens område som försökt kartlägga vad som är ett allmänt intresse.
Sakägarbegreppet som det ser ut idag har varit med sedan miljöskyddslagen år 1969 och man finner fortfarande ledning i praxis sedan dess för att utröna en klarare definition. Det finns även avgöranden under 2000-talet som har haft stor inverkan på dagens syn på sakägarbegreppet. NJA 2004 sid 590 samt NJA 2012 sid 921 har vidgat begreppet av vem som anses vara berörd och utrönt lite klarare vad som menas med att vara sakägare. (Less)
Abstract
Wind farms are today very common around the countryside in Sweden. Wind turbines are an environmentally friendly alternative to generate energy that the whole community needs. Society's needs for renewable energy sources have increased over the last few years. In April 2009, Directive 2009/28 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources was adopted. For Sweden, the assumption that a national overall goal was that the share of energy from renewable energy sources of final energy use should reach 49 percent in 2020. As a result, Sweden had to construct a large number of new wind turbines in order to reach the set national target. It is an important prerequisite for the... (More)
Wind farms are today very common around the countryside in Sweden. Wind turbines are an environmentally friendly alternative to generate energy that the whole community needs. Society's needs for renewable energy sources have increased over the last few years. In April 2009, Directive 2009/28 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources was adopted. For Sweden, the assumption that a national overall goal was that the share of energy from renewable energy sources of final energy use should reach 49 percent in 2020. As a result, Sweden had to construct a large number of new wind turbines in order to reach the set national target. It is an important prerequisite for the environment, but is not always appreciated by those potentially affected.
There is often a conflict between different interests in terms of the construction of wind farms. In practice, one can see that there are many individuals who consider that the establishments have a negative impact on their homes / living / property / interests. However, these individuals are entitled to comment on certain wind farms subject to permits. Individuals also have a special right to appeal a wind farm decision, if they are to be considered as stakeholder. This definition of stakeholders has long been discussed and does not yet have a clear definition in the legal text. The legal text, Chapter 16, section 12, p. 1, states that one is to be considered a stakeholder if one is; to whom the judgment or decision relates, if the decision has passed him or her. In the bill to the Environmental Code and also legislative comments, public interests expressly exclude individuals' right to appeal. Again, it is difficult to define where the boundary goes for a public interest and the right to appeal has been set as a distant border. However, there are researchers in the field of environmental law trying to map what is of public interest.
The concept of stakeholder, as it appears today, has been in use since the Environmental Protection Act from 1969, and there is still rulings since then in order to establish a clearer definition. There are also rulings in the 21st century that have had a major impact on today's view of the concept of stakeholder. NJA 2004 page 590 and NJA 2012 page 921 has broadened the concept of who is considered to be concerned and expressed a little clearer just what is means to be a stakeholder. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Lundgren, Rebecka LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20172
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Rättsvetenskap, Miljörätt
language
Swedish
id
8930460
date added to LUP
2018-02-06 14:27:13
date last changed
2018-02-06 14:27:13
@misc{8930460,
  abstract     = {{Wind farms are today very common around the countryside in Sweden. Wind turbines are an environmentally friendly alternative to generate energy that the whole community needs. Society's needs for renewable energy sources have increased over the last few years. In April 2009, Directive 2009/28 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources was adopted. For Sweden, the assumption that a national overall goal was that the share of energy from renewable energy sources of final energy use should reach 49 percent in 2020. As a result, Sweden had to construct a large number of new wind turbines in order to reach the set national target. It is an important prerequisite for the environment, but is not always appreciated by those potentially affected.
There is often a conflict between different interests in terms of the construction of wind farms. In practice, one can see that there are many individuals who consider that the establishments have a negative impact on their homes / living / property / interests. However, these individuals are entitled to comment on certain wind farms subject to permits. Individuals also have a special right to appeal a wind farm decision, if they are to be considered as stakeholder. This definition of stakeholders has long been discussed and does not yet have a clear definition in the legal text. The legal text, Chapter 16, section 12, p. 1, states that one is to be considered a stakeholder if one is; to whom the judgment or decision relates, if the decision has passed him or her. In the bill to the Environmental Code and also legislative comments, public interests expressly exclude individuals' right to appeal. Again, it is difficult to define where the boundary goes for a public interest and the right to appeal has been set as a distant border. However, there are researchers in the field of environmental law trying to map what is of public interest.
The concept of stakeholder, as it appears today, has been in use since the Environmental Protection Act from 1969, and there is still rulings since then in order to establish a clearer definition. There are also rulings in the 21st century that have had a major impact on today's view of the concept of stakeholder. NJA 2004 page 590 and NJA 2012 page 921 has broadened the concept of who is considered to be concerned and expressed a little clearer just what is means to be a stakeholder.}},
  author       = {{Lundgren, Rebecka}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Miljöbalkens sakägarbegrepp - Om enskildas möjlighet till överprövning av vindkraftsetableringar}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}