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Pupillstorlekens förändring vid hanterandet av minnesinterferens som leder till Retrieval Induced Forgetting

Tarras-Wahlberg, Frida LU and Bohlin, Louise LU (2017) PSYK11 20172
Department of Psychology
Abstract (Swedish)
I denna studie undersöktes fenomenet Retrieval Induced Forgetting (RIF) (Anderson, Bjork & Bjork, 1994) och dess relation till TEPR (task evoked pupillary responses) (Beatty, 1982). Tidigare studier har konstaterat ett samband mellan ökad pupillstorlek och kognitiv belastning såsom minnesinkodning och framplockning (Beatty & Kahneman, 1966). RIF innebär att hågkomsten av viss information gör det svårare att minnas relaterad information. RIF kan ses vid försök att återkalla något av flera minnen med samma framplockningsledtråd. Effekten uppstår som ett resultat av att man måste hantera interferens från konkurrerande minnen vid framplockning av önskade minnen. RIF testas med ett minnesexperiment i tre delar; inkodning, generering och... (More)
I denna studie undersöktes fenomenet Retrieval Induced Forgetting (RIF) (Anderson, Bjork & Bjork, 1994) och dess relation till TEPR (task evoked pupillary responses) (Beatty, 1982). Tidigare studier har konstaterat ett samband mellan ökad pupillstorlek och kognitiv belastning såsom minnesinkodning och framplockning (Beatty & Kahneman, 1966). RIF innebär att hågkomsten av viss information gör det svårare att minnas relaterad information. RIF kan ses vid försök att återkalla något av flera minnen med samma framplockningsledtråd. Effekten uppstår som ett resultat av att man måste hantera interferens från konkurrerande minnen vid framplockning av önskade minnen. RIF testas med ett minnesexperiment i tre delar; inkodning, generering och minnestest. Enligt den inhibitoriska förklaringsmodellen för RIF (Anderson, 2003) måste konkurrerande minnen inhiberas för att underlätta hågkomsten av önskade minnen, och eftersom inhibering kräver kognitiva resurser förväntas processen leda till en ökad pupillstorlek. I denna studie mättes gymnasieelevers pupillstorlek med en eyetracker under genomförandet av ett minnesexperiment. Associationsstyrkan mellan orden justerades genom varierande ordfrekvens i betingelserna High- och Low-competition condition (HCC och LCC). Resultatet visade en signifikant RIF-effekt i båda betingelserna och en signifikant ökning av pupillstorleken i HCC jämfört med LCC. Inget signifikant samband mellan mellan pupillens ökning i genereringsfasen och prestationen på minnestestet kunde konstateras. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
The present study investigated the retrieval induced forgetting phenomenon (RIF) (Anderson, Bjork & Bjork, 1994) and the relation to task evoked pupillary responses (TEPR) (Beatty, 1982). Previous studies suggests that the pupil diameter increases as a result of cognitive demands such as memory retrieval (Kahneman & Beatty, 1966). RIF is forgetting caused by managing of interference from competing memories when attempting to retrieve one of several memories that share a common retrieval cue. This phenomenon is tested using the RIF-paradigm in which participants complete a memory task including three parts; memory encoding, generating and a memory test. The effect of RIF results in a decreased memory for competing words in the memory test.... (More)
The present study investigated the retrieval induced forgetting phenomenon (RIF) (Anderson, Bjork & Bjork, 1994) and the relation to task evoked pupillary responses (TEPR) (Beatty, 1982). Previous studies suggests that the pupil diameter increases as a result of cognitive demands such as memory retrieval (Kahneman & Beatty, 1966). RIF is forgetting caused by managing of interference from competing memories when attempting to retrieve one of several memories that share a common retrieval cue. This phenomenon is tested using the RIF-paradigm in which participants complete a memory task including three parts; memory encoding, generating and a memory test. The effect of RIF results in a decreased memory for competing words in the memory test. According to the Inhibitory-control account (Anderson, 2003) the competing memory is inhibited to promote recall of the target memory. Since this inhibitory mechanism requires cognitive demands, this should result in an enlarged pupil diameter. The pupil diameter was collected using an eyetracker, and the results indicated a significant RIF-effect in both conditions and a significantly more increased pupil diameter in HCC compared to LCC. No significant association between an increased pupil-size in generate and decreased performance in the memory test was confirmed. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Tarras-Wahlberg, Frida LU and Bohlin, Louise LU
supervisor
organization
course
PSYK11 20172
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Retrieval Induced Forgetting, Inhibitory-control account, Task evoked pupillary responses, Competitive retrieval.
language
Swedish
id
8934070
date added to LUP
2018-02-01 13:16:34
date last changed
2018-02-01 13:16:34
@misc{8934070,
  abstract     = {{The present study investigated the retrieval induced forgetting phenomenon (RIF) (Anderson, Bjork & Bjork, 1994) and the relation to task evoked pupillary responses (TEPR) (Beatty, 1982). Previous studies suggests that the pupil diameter increases as a result of cognitive demands such as memory retrieval (Kahneman & Beatty, 1966). RIF is forgetting caused by managing of interference from competing memories when attempting to retrieve one of several memories that share a common retrieval cue. This phenomenon is tested using the RIF-paradigm in which participants complete a memory task including three parts; memory encoding, generating and a memory test. The effect of RIF results in a decreased memory for competing words in the memory test. According to the Inhibitory-control account (Anderson, 2003) the competing memory is inhibited to promote recall of the target memory. Since this inhibitory mechanism requires cognitive demands, this should result in an enlarged pupil diameter. The pupil diameter was collected using an eyetracker, and the results indicated a significant RIF-effect in both conditions and a significantly more increased pupil diameter in HCC compared to LCC. No significant association between an increased pupil-size in generate and decreased performance in the memory test was confirmed.}},
  author       = {{Tarras-Wahlberg, Frida and Bohlin, Louise}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Pupillstorlekens förändring vid hanterandet av minnesinterferens som leder till Retrieval Induced Forgetting}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}