Förnybar vätgas i Skåne – En utvärdering av praktiskt genomförbar potential ur ett energisystemperspektiv
(2020) In IMES serie för examensarbeten FMIM01 20201Environmental and Energy Systems Studies
- Abstract
- Hydrogen is an energy carrier that could be a part of fossil free energy systems. That is why the practicable potential of renewable hydrogen to benefit the energy system of Scania, Sweden, within the time frame of until 2030 was evaluated in this report. This was done through reviewing the technical and regional conditions and through interviews with seven regional actors involved in hydrogen, as well as through an estimation of potential production of renewable hydrogen in the region. These factors were then synthesized in an analysis of the practicable potential. The technical conditions for production, storage, distribution and application of renewable hydrogen were concluded as sufficient as to not be a limiting factor for the... (More)
- Hydrogen is an energy carrier that could be a part of fossil free energy systems. That is why the practicable potential of renewable hydrogen to benefit the energy system of Scania, Sweden, within the time frame of until 2030 was evaluated in this report. This was done through reviewing the technical and regional conditions and through interviews with seven regional actors involved in hydrogen, as well as through an estimation of potential production of renewable hydrogen in the region. These factors were then synthesized in an analysis of the practicable potential. The technical conditions for production, storage, distribution and application of renewable hydrogen were concluded as sufficient as to not be a limiting factor for the practicable potential within the time frame. Identified regional conditions that could affect the practicable potential were the lack of studied geological spaces for underground storage, while the existing gas grid in the region could be beneficial for distribution of hydrogen, after acceptable hydrogen levels in the gas grid have been determined. Limitations of the practicable potential that were identified from the interviews were the lack of subsidies and a national strategy for hydrogen. The potential production of hydrogen in the region was estimated to 1,3–6,3 TWh/year from electrolysis with renewable electricity and 0,33–2,3 TWh from reforming of biogas. An equivalent estimation could not be done for gasification. The analysis resulted in possible value-chains with varying practicable potential and benefit to the energy system. Storage in pressure vessels was determined as most feasible alternative for all identified value-chains. Value-chains with more practicable potential were determined to include large scale hydrogen production by electrolysis, distribution using road transport and the applications of producing electricity through fuel cells during temporary power shortage, fuel specifically for heavy duty transport, as a part of a gas mixture with biogas or natural gas for combustion, or lastly as feedstock for upgrading biogas. Hydrogen production through gasification of biomass was determined to be a very beneficial method due to the decreased competition for resources compared to that of production from electricity and biogas, while lacking technical maturity. The present gas grid of Scania could be a beneficial method for distribution if injection of a sufficient amount of hydrogen can be shown to be possible and safe. Most beneficial applications of hydrogen were identified as fuel for heavy transport, especially in the long term, and for production of electricity during power shortage. Identified limitations on practicable potential were determined as lacking regional possibilities for hydrogen production and the lack of a national strategy for hydrogen to provide direction for the development of hydrogen. Overall, it was determined that hydrogen could provide benefit to the energy system of Scania, but that a limiting factor for determining the practicable potential was uncertainties regarding profitability. This is therefore recommended for further investigation. (Less)
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Vätgas är en energibärare som kan ha en roll i fossilfria energisystem. I det här examensarbetet undersöktes därför den praktiskt genomförbara potentialen för förnybar vätgas att göra nytta i Skånes energisystem inom tidsramen till 2030. Detta analyserades genom en undersökning av de tekniska och regionala förutsättningarna för förnybar vätgas, en intervjustudie med sju skånska vätgasaktörer, samt en beräkning av produktionspotentialen för förnybar vätgas i regionen. De tekniska förutsättningarna för produktion, lagring, distribution och användning av förnybar vätgas bedömdes vara tillräckliga för att inte utgöra den begränsande faktorn för den praktiskt genomförbara potentialen inom tidsramen till 2030. Regionala förutsättningar som... (More)
- Vätgas är en energibärare som kan ha en roll i fossilfria energisystem. I det här examensarbetet undersöktes därför den praktiskt genomförbara potentialen för förnybar vätgas att göra nytta i Skånes energisystem inom tidsramen till 2030. Detta analyserades genom en undersökning av de tekniska och regionala förutsättningarna för förnybar vätgas, en intervjustudie med sju skånska vätgasaktörer, samt en beräkning av produktionspotentialen för förnybar vätgas i regionen. De tekniska förutsättningarna för produktion, lagring, distribution och användning av förnybar vätgas bedömdes vara tillräckliga för att inte utgöra den begränsande faktorn för den praktiskt genomförbara potentialen inom tidsramen till 2030. Regionala förutsättningar som bedömdes kunna påverka potentialen var bland annat den begränsade möjligheten till underjordisk lagring och gasnäten i Skåne, som ansågs kunna innebära en särskild möjlighet att använda befintlig gasinfrastruktur för distribution av vätgas. Från intervjuerna framgick bland annat avsaknad av en nationell strategi för vätgas och brist på ekonomiskt stöd från styrmedel som hinder för vätgasens praktiskt genomförbara potential. Den största mängd vätgas som skulle kunna produceras i regionen utifrån tillgängliga resurser var enligt beräkningar 1,3–6,3 TWh/år genom elektrolys med förnybar el och 0,33–2,3 TWh/år genom reformering av biogas. Tillräckligt underlag saknades för att kunna göra motsvarande uppskattning för produktion genom förgasning av biomassa. Analysen resulterade i förslag på värdekedjor för vätgas med olika avvägningar av praktisk genomförbarhet och nytta för Skånes energisystem. Lagring i olika sorters gasbehållare bedömdes som det mest lämpliga alternativet för samtliga av de identifierade värdekedjorna. Särskild praktisk genomförbarhet bedömdes finnas för storskalig vätgasproduktion genom elektrolys, distribution med lastbil och användning till elproduktion, sameldning med natur- eller biogas i befintliga gasturbiner, samt till uppgradering av biogas. Förgasning av biomassa framträdde ur analysen som en produktionsmetod med stor nytta på grund av låg konkurrens om tillgängliga resurser, men dess praktiska genomförbarhet bedömdes mer osäker. Distribution genom gasnätet ansågs kunna öka den praktiskt genomförbara potentialen för vissa värdekedjor, förutsatt att nivåer för tillåten vätgasinbladning fastställs. Tung transport och elproduktion vid effektunderskott identifierades som vätgastillämpningar med särskild nytta. Utifrån de tekniska och regionala förutsättningarna bedömdes vätgas kunna göra nytta i Skånes energisystem. En nationell strategi för vätgas efterfrågades för att skapa riktning för vätgasens utveckling. Begränsningar för den praktiskt genomförbara potentialen för förnybar vätgas i Skåne bedömdes framförallt bero på bristande regionala produktionsmöjligheter på grund av låg regional elproduktion och ett biogasfokus i regionen. Även osäkerheter gällande lönsamhet begränsade bedömningen, varav vidare utredningar om lönsamhet rekommenderades. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9024611
- author
- Ormegard, Erik LU and Särnbratt, Mirjam LU
- supervisor
- organization
- alternative title
- Renewable Hydrogen in Scania – An Evaluation of Practicable Potential from an Energy Systems Perspective
- course
- FMIM01 20201
- year
- 2020
- type
- H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
- subject
- keywords
- Förnybar vätgas, hållbart energisystem, energisystemanalys, elektrolys, reformering, förgasning, vätgasinblandning, energilagring, vätgaslagring, bränslecell, power-to-gas
- publication/series
- IMES serie för examensarbeten
- report number
- LUTFD2/TFEM--20/5157--SE + (90)
- ISSN
- 1102-3651
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9024611
- date added to LUP
- 2020-08-04 10:51:54
- date last changed
- 2020-08-04 10:51:54
@misc{9024611,
abstract = {{Hydrogen is an energy carrier that could be a part of fossil free energy systems. That is why the practicable potential of renewable hydrogen to benefit the energy system of Scania, Sweden, within the time frame of until 2030 was evaluated in this report. This was done through reviewing the technical and regional conditions and through interviews with seven regional actors involved in hydrogen, as well as through an estimation of potential production of renewable hydrogen in the region. These factors were then synthesized in an analysis of the practicable potential. The technical conditions for production, storage, distribution and application of renewable hydrogen were concluded as sufficient as to not be a limiting factor for the practicable potential within the time frame. Identified regional conditions that could affect the practicable potential were the lack of studied geological spaces for underground storage, while the existing gas grid in the region could be beneficial for distribution of hydrogen, after acceptable hydrogen levels in the gas grid have been determined. Limitations of the practicable potential that were identified from the interviews were the lack of subsidies and a national strategy for hydrogen. The potential production of hydrogen in the region was estimated to 1,3–6,3 TWh/year from electrolysis with renewable electricity and 0,33–2,3 TWh from reforming of biogas. An equivalent estimation could not be done for gasification. The analysis resulted in possible value-chains with varying practicable potential and benefit to the energy system. Storage in pressure vessels was determined as most feasible alternative for all identified value-chains. Value-chains with more practicable potential were determined to include large scale hydrogen production by electrolysis, distribution using road transport and the applications of producing electricity through fuel cells during temporary power shortage, fuel specifically for heavy duty transport, as a part of a gas mixture with biogas or natural gas for combustion, or lastly as feedstock for upgrading biogas. Hydrogen production through gasification of biomass was determined to be a very beneficial method due to the decreased competition for resources compared to that of production from electricity and biogas, while lacking technical maturity. The present gas grid of Scania could be a beneficial method for distribution if injection of a sufficient amount of hydrogen can be shown to be possible and safe. Most beneficial applications of hydrogen were identified as fuel for heavy transport, especially in the long term, and for production of electricity during power shortage. Identified limitations on practicable potential were determined as lacking regional possibilities for hydrogen production and the lack of a national strategy for hydrogen to provide direction for the development of hydrogen. Overall, it was determined that hydrogen could provide benefit to the energy system of Scania, but that a limiting factor for determining the practicable potential was uncertainties regarding profitability. This is therefore recommended for further investigation.}},
author = {{Ormegard, Erik and Särnbratt, Mirjam}},
issn = {{1102-3651}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
series = {{IMES serie för examensarbeten}},
title = {{Förnybar vätgas i Skåne – En utvärdering av praktiskt genomförbar potential ur ett energisystemperspektiv}},
year = {{2020}},
}