Skip to main content

LUP Student Papers

LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

Tillräknelighetskrav i svensk straffrätt - En kritisk granskning av SOU 2012:17 mot bakgrund av grundläggande straffrättsliga principer

Bladh, Emma LU (2021) LAGF03 20212
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Sverige är det enda land, bland med Sverige jämförbara länder, som inte har
ett krav på tillräknelighet för att en person ska kunna dömas för brott. Med
tillräknelighet menas att personen ska ha haft en grundläggande förmåga att
förstå innebörden av sina handlingar, en slags ansvarsförmåga. En diskussion
om ett införande av ett sådant krav har dock länge förts och tre statliga
utredningar har gjorts de senaste 25 åren som alla förespråkat ett införande.

Uppsatsens syfte är att granska det senaste betänkandet om ett införande av
ett tillräknelighetskrav, SOU 2012:17, med utgångspunkt i principerna om
konformitet, skuld, proportionalitet och förutsebarhet. Syftet är också att
granska hur förslaget skulle förhålla sig till... (More)
Sverige är det enda land, bland med Sverige jämförbara länder, som inte har
ett krav på tillräknelighet för att en person ska kunna dömas för brott. Med
tillräknelighet menas att personen ska ha haft en grundläggande förmåga att
förstå innebörden av sina handlingar, en slags ansvarsförmåga. En diskussion
om ett införande av ett sådant krav har dock länge förts och tre statliga
utredningar har gjorts de senaste 25 åren som alla förespråkat ett införande.

Uppsatsens syfte är att granska det senaste betänkandet om ett införande av
ett tillräknelighetskrav, SOU 2012:17, med utgångspunkt i principerna om
konformitet, skuld, proportionalitet och förutsebarhet. Syftet är också att
granska hur förslaget skulle förhålla sig till gällande rätt i dessa avseenden.
Uppsatsen har skrivits utifrån ett rättsanalytiskt perspektiv där både en
rättsanalytisk metod och rättsdogmatisk metod har tillämpats. Det material
uppsatsen baserats på är SOU 2012:17, lagtext, andra förarbeten och doktrin.

Slutsatsen av granskningen är att lagförslaget skulle vara mer förenligt med
samtliga nämnda principer än vad gällande rätt är. Till skillnad från gällande
rätt skulle enbart de som kunnat rätta sig efter lagen och kan anses ha haft
ansvarsförmåga för sin gärning kunna bli straffrättsligt ansvariga. För
tillräkneliga personer skulle det dessutom råda större proportionalitet mellan
brottet och straffet än idag då dessa personer i större utsträckning skulle
straffas efter klandervärdheten av brottet och inte efter behovet av vård.

Förslaget skulle även vara mer förenlig med förutsebarhetsprincipen än
gällande rätt bland annat eftersom straffet för de som anses tillräkneliga inte
skulle kunna dömas till rättspsykiatrisk vård på obestämd tid utan dömas
utifrån de ”vanliga” påföljdsbestämmelserna. Principen skulle även uppfyllas
i de avseenden att själva införandet av förslaget inte skulle anses medföra att
rättsordningen skulle ändras för ofta eller för hastigt. (Less)
Abstract
Sweden is the only country, among comparable countries, whose criminal
legislation does not include a requirement of accountability, also known as an
insanity defence. The meaning of the requirement of accountability is that a
person must have had a fundamental understanding of the meaning of their
actions to be evicted of a crime. An introduction of such a requirement has,
however, been under discussion in Sweden for a long time. Moreover, three
Swedish governmental inquiries have been implemented on the topic during
the last 25 years, all of which advocating an introduction.

The purpose of this essay is to examine the latest governmental inquiry, SOU
2012:17, based on the criminal law principles of conformity, guilt,
... (More)
Sweden is the only country, among comparable countries, whose criminal
legislation does not include a requirement of accountability, also known as an
insanity defence. The meaning of the requirement of accountability is that a
person must have had a fundamental understanding of the meaning of their
actions to be evicted of a crime. An introduction of such a requirement has,
however, been under discussion in Sweden for a long time. Moreover, three
Swedish governmental inquiries have been implemented on the topic during
the last 25 years, all of which advocating an introduction.

The purpose of this essay is to examine the latest governmental inquiry, SOU
2012:17, based on the criminal law principles of conformity, guilt,
proportionality and predictability. The purpose is also to examine how the
inquiry would relate to current law in these aspects. The essay has been
written from a legal analytic perspective where both legal analytic and legal
dogmatic methods have been applied. The material used for the essay is the
governmental inquiry SOU 2012:17, law text, other preparatory legal work
and doctrine.

The conclusion of the examination is that the proposal of a requirement of
accountability would be more compatible with the chosen principles than
current law. Unlike current law, only those who have had the ability to comply
with the law and can be considered to have had liability for their act would be
criminally liable. For those who would be considered to have had
accountability at the time of the criminal act, the sentencing would
furthermore be in greater proportion to the committed act, as the judgement
would focus on the blameworthiness of the act rather than the need for care.

Furthermore, the proposal would be more compatible with the principle of
predictability. The penalty for those considered accountable would, for
example, not be sentenced to forensic psychiatric care in indefinite time, but rather be sentenced according to the “normal” penalty provisions. The
proposal would also be compatible with the principle as the introduction itself
would not be considered to entail changes in the legal system too often or too
rapidly. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Bladh, Emma LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20212
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
straffrätt, tillräknelighet, tillräknelighetskrav, allvarlig psykisk störning, psykisk störning
language
Swedish
id
9070567
date added to LUP
2022-02-15 11:31:18
date last changed
2022-02-15 11:31:18
@misc{9070567,
  abstract     = {{Sweden is the only country, among comparable countries, whose criminal 
legislation does not include a requirement of accountability, also known as an 
insanity defence. The meaning of the requirement of accountability is that a 
person must have had a fundamental understanding of the meaning of their 
actions to be evicted of a crime. An introduction of such a requirement has,
however, been under discussion in Sweden for a long time. Moreover, three 
Swedish governmental inquiries have been implemented on the topic during 
the last 25 years, all of which advocating an introduction. 

The purpose of this essay is to examine the latest governmental inquiry, SOU 
2012:17, based on the criminal law principles of conformity, guilt, 
proportionality and predictability. The purpose is also to examine how the 
inquiry would relate to current law in these aspects. The essay has been 
written from a legal analytic perspective where both legal analytic and legal 
dogmatic methods have been applied. The material used for the essay is the 
governmental inquiry SOU 2012:17, law text, other preparatory legal work
and doctrine.

The conclusion of the examination is that the proposal of a requirement of 
accountability would be more compatible with the chosen principles than 
current law. Unlike current law, only those who have had the ability to comply 
with the law and can be considered to have had liability for their act would be 
criminally liable. For those who would be considered to have had 
accountability at the time of the criminal act, the sentencing would 
furthermore be in greater proportion to the committed act, as the judgement 
would focus on the blameworthiness of the act rather than the need for care.

Furthermore, the proposal would be more compatible with the principle of 
predictability. The penalty for those considered accountable would, for 
example, not be sentenced to forensic psychiatric care in indefinite time, but rather be sentenced according to the “normal” penalty provisions. The 
proposal would also be compatible with the principle as the introduction itself 
would not be considered to entail changes in the legal system too often or too 
rapidly.}},
  author       = {{Bladh, Emma}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Tillräknelighetskrav i svensk straffrätt - En kritisk granskning av SOU 2012:17 mot bakgrund av grundläggande straffrättsliga principer}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}