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Kontinuitetsprincipen - En princip som lägger krokben för barnets bästa?

Nilsson, Jessica LU (2011) JURM01 20111
Department of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Föräldrabalkens 6 kap. 2 a § stadgar att barnets bästa skall vara avgörande för alla beslut i frågor om vårdnad, boende och umgänge. Barnets bästa är en princip som går att finna i såväl internationella dokument som i nationell lagstiftning. Begreppet barnets bästas innebörd är ej uttryckligen definierad i varken de internationella dokumenten, såsom barnkonventionen, eller i svensk nationell lagstiftning. I föräldrabalken samt i rättspraxis har dock vissa principer avseende barnets bästa betonats, respektive utformats. I detta arbete har jag valt att belysa två principer inom barnets bästa extra; kontinuitetsprincipen samt principen om barnets behov av en nära och god kontakt med båda sina föräldrar. Jag har valt att granska hur dessa två... (More)
Föräldrabalkens 6 kap. 2 a § stadgar att barnets bästa skall vara avgörande för alla beslut i frågor om vårdnad, boende och umgänge. Barnets bästa är en princip som går att finna i såväl internationella dokument som i nationell lagstiftning. Begreppet barnets bästas innebörd är ej uttryckligen definierad i varken de internationella dokumenten, såsom barnkonventionen, eller i svensk nationell lagstiftning. I föräldrabalken samt i rättspraxis har dock vissa principer avseende barnets bästa betonats, respektive utformats. I detta arbete har jag valt att belysa två principer inom barnets bästa extra; kontinuitetsprincipen samt principen om barnets behov av en nära och god kontakt med båda sina föräldrar. Jag har valt att granska hur dessa två principer tillämpas i svensk rätt samt hur de relaterar till varandra. Jag har även valt att sätta det interimistiska beslutet i förhållande till kontinuitetsprincipen. Detta för att undersöka om det interimistiska beslutet leder till kontinuitet, som i sin tur leder till en styrande effekt på det avgörande beslutet.

Kontinuitetsprincipen är en princip som har utformats i rättspraxis. Principen bygger på att ett av barnets grundläggande behov är behovet av stabilitet och trygghet i sin tillvaro. Det är tanken om att ett barn inte bör utsättas för avbrott i en rådande fungerande ordning, om inte starka skäl talar för det. Principen om barnets behov av en nära och god kontakt med båda sina föräldrar är samtidigt en lagfäst princip i 6 kap. 2 a § FB. Principen har till syfte att betona vikten av att barnet har en god relation till båda sina föräldrar. Det kan påverka barnet negativt om barnet utestängs från kontakt med den förälder som ej har vårdnaden om barnet eller den förälder som barnet ej bor tillsammans med. De två principerna kommer ofta i konflikt med varandra. Detta innebär att domstolen måste göra en avvägning avseende vilken av de två principerna som skall ges företräde vid prövning av vem av föräldrarna som skall anförtros vårdnaden eller boendet om barnet. Konflikten mellan de två olika principerna uppstår ofta när en förälder försvårar eller helt motverkar ett umgänge mellan ett barn och en förälder. Detta genom att t.ex. föra barnet ur landet, påverka barnet till en negativ inställning till umgänget eller på annat sätt försvårar umgänget, så kallat umgängessabotage.

En fråga som uppstår är om domstolen tenderar att ge kontinuitetsprincipen eller principen om barnets behov av en nära och god kontakt företräde. I de rättsfall jag studerat kan man klart se en tendens att kontinuitetsprincipen är den princip som oftast ges företräde på bekostnad av principen om barnets behov av en nära och god kontakt med båda sina föräldrar. Kontinuitetsprincipen är också en av de mest vanligen förekommande motiveringen av vårdnadsbeslut.

Ett interimistiskt beslut avseende vårdnaden, boendet eller umgänget kan fattas av domstolen innan dess att saken slutligen avgörs. Vanligen fattas ett interimistiskt beslut när parterna första gången inställer sig vid rätten, den muntliga förberedelsen. Det kan oftast gå lång tid från det interimistiska beslutet och fram till dess att frågan slutligen avgörs. Detta innebär att det interimistiska beslutet ofta får en styrande verkan på det slutliga avgörandet, då barnet ofta under en längre tid har stått under vårdnaden eller har bott hos en förälder under processens gång. Med åberopande av kontinuitetsskäl är domstolarna restriktiva med att ändra en rådande ordning. (Less)
Abstract
According to the Swedish parental code 6 chapter 2 a §, the best interest of the child shall be conclusive for all decisions in matters of custody, residency and right to access. The best interest of the child is a principle which can be found in both international documents and in national legislation. The concept of the principle of the best interest of the child is not expressly defined in neither international documents, such as the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Children, nor in Swedish national legislation. Principles on the child’s best interest have however been emphasized and compiled in the parental code and in case law. In this thesis I have chosen to highlight two principles within the term of the best interest of... (More)
According to the Swedish parental code 6 chapter 2 a §, the best interest of the child shall be conclusive for all decisions in matters of custody, residency and right to access. The best interest of the child is a principle which can be found in both international documents and in national legislation. The concept of the principle of the best interest of the child is not expressly defined in neither international documents, such as the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Children, nor in Swedish national legislation. Principles on the child’s best interest have however been emphasized and compiled in the parental code and in case law. In this thesis I have chosen to highlight two principles within the term of the best interest of the child, the principle of continuity and the principle of the child’s need for a close and good relationship with both its parents. I have chosen to study how these two principles are administered in Swedish law and how they relate to each other. I have also chosen to study how the courts interim decisions relate to the principle of continuity and whether the interim decision can result in a continuity which has a guiding effect on the final decision.

The principle of continuity is a principle that has been developed in case law. One of the child’s primary needs is the requisite of stability and security in its life. It is the thought that a child should not be subject to interruption in a working living arrangement, if not necessary. The principle of the child’s need for a close relationship with both its parents is at the same time codified in the parental code 6 chapter 2 a §. The purpose of the principle is to emphasize the importance of a close relationship between a child and both its parents. It can affect a child negatively if a child is deprived of contact with the parent not having custody of the child or a the parent who the child does not live with. These two principles often come in conflict with each other, which means that the court in these cases need to assess which of the two principles to give preference when considering which of the parents should be entrusted with the custody or the residency of the child. The conflict between these two principles often occur when a parent obstructs or completely withholds the child’s right to access, for example, by abducting the child or exposing the child to a negative view of the other parent.

A question that arises is whether the court tends to give preference to one principle over the other. In the cases that I have studied you can clearly see the court’s tendency to give the principle of continuity preference at the expense of the principle of the child’s need for a close and good relationship with both its parents. The principle of continuity is also one of the most frequently used statements of reason for the court’s decision regarding custody.


An interim decision regarding custody, residency or right to access may be taken by the court before the matter being finally determined. Most commonly the interim decision is made when the parties first appear before the court, at the oral preparation. Usually a fair amount of time passes before a final decision is reached. This means that the interim decision often has a guiding effect on the final decision as the child, during a long period of time, has been under a parents’ custody or at least has been living with a parent during the court process. The courts are reluctant to change a current situation citing the principle of continuity. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Nilsson, Jessica LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
The principle of continuity - In the best interest og the child?
course
JURM01 20111
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
Vårdnad, boende, umgänge, familjerätt, kontinuitetsprincipen
language
Swedish
id
1790367
date added to LUP
2011-03-01 16:09:06
date last changed
2011-03-01 16:09:06
@misc{1790367,
  abstract     = {{According to the Swedish parental code 6 chapter 2 a §, the best interest of the child shall be conclusive for all decisions in matters of custody, residency and right to access. The best interest of the child is a principle which can be found in both international documents and in national legislation. The concept of the principle of the best interest of the child is not expressly defined in neither international documents, such as the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Children, nor in Swedish national legislation. Principles on the child’s best interest have however been emphasized and compiled in the parental code and in case law. In this thesis I have chosen to highlight two principles within the term of the best interest of the child, the principle of continuity and the principle of the child’s need for a close and good relationship with both its parents. I have chosen to study how these two principles are administered in Swedish law and how they relate to each other. I have also chosen to study how the courts interim decisions relate to the principle of continuity and whether the interim decision can result in a continuity which has a guiding effect on the final decision.

The principle of continuity is a principle that has been developed in case law. One of the child’s primary needs is the requisite of stability and security in its life. It is the thought that a child should not be subject to interruption in a working living arrangement, if not necessary.  The principle of the child’s need for a close relationship with both its parents is at the same time codified in the parental code 6 chapter 2 a §. The purpose of the principle is to emphasize the importance of a close relationship between a child and both its parents. It can affect a child negatively if a child is deprived of contact with the parent not having   custody   of the  child  or a the parent who the child does not live with. These two principles often come in conflict with each other, which means that the court in these cases need to assess which of the two principles to give preference when considering which of the parents should be entrusted with the custody or the residency of the child. The conflict between these two principles often occur when a parent obstructs or completely withholds the child’s right to access, for example, by abducting the child or exposing the child to a negative view of the other parent.

A question that arises is whether the court tends to give preference to one principle over the other. In the cases that I have studied you can clearly see the court’s tendency to give the principle of continuity preference at the expense of the principle of the child’s need for a close and good relationship with both its parents. The principle of continuity is also one of the most frequently used statements of reason for the court’s decision regarding custody. 


An interim decision regarding custody, residency or right to access may be taken by the court before the matter being finally determined. Most commonly the interim decision is made when the parties first appear before the court, at the oral preparation. Usually a fair amount of time passes before a final decision is reached. This means that the  interim decision often has a guiding effect on the final decision as the child, during a long period of time, has been under a parents’ custody or at least has been living with a parent during the court process. The courts are reluctant to change a current situation citing the principle of continuity.}},
  author       = {{Nilsson, Jessica}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Kontinuitetsprincipen - En princip som lägger krokben för barnets bästa?}},
  year         = {{2011}},
}