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LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

Konkurrenslagens konfliktlösningsregel

Hultgren, Mica LU (2011) JURM01 20111
Department of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Vid årsskiftet 2009/2010 så trädde konfliktlösningsregeln i kraft i svensk lagstiftning. Konfliktlösningsregeln är ett tillägg i KL:s 3 kap och tar sikte på att lösa de konkurrensproblem som kan uppkomma vid offentlig säljverksamhet. Enligt den så kan stat, kommun eller landsting förbjudas att bedriva ett visst förfarande i sin säljverksamhet ifall detta snedvrider eller hämmar konkurrensen eller om förfarandet är ägnat att göra det. Under samma omständigheter kan konfliktlösningsregeln förbjuda en verksamhet förutsatt att den inte bedrivs av en statlig aktör. Konfliktlösningsregeln kan även tillämpas på ett förfarande eller verksamhet i en juridisk person förutsatt staten, en kommun eller landsting direkt eller indirekt har ett... (More)
Vid årsskiftet 2009/2010 så trädde konfliktlösningsregeln i kraft i svensk lagstiftning. Konfliktlösningsregeln är ett tillägg i KL:s 3 kap och tar sikte på att lösa de konkurrensproblem som kan uppkomma vid offentlig säljverksamhet. Enligt den så kan stat, kommun eller landsting förbjudas att bedriva ett visst förfarande i sin säljverksamhet ifall detta snedvrider eller hämmar konkurrensen eller om förfarandet är ägnat att göra det. Under samma omständigheter kan konfliktlösningsregeln förbjuda en verksamhet förutsatt att den inte bedrivs av en statlig aktör. Konfliktlösningsregeln kan även tillämpas på ett förfarande eller verksamhet i en juridisk person förutsatt staten, en kommun eller landsting direkt eller indirekt har ett dominerande inflytande över den juridiska personen.

Konfliktlösningsregeln tar sikte på en problematik som länge har uppmärksammats av samhället, företagare och lagstiftaren nämligen de konkurrensproblem som kan uppkomma då offentliga aktörer agerar på konkurrensutsatta marknader. Det har tidigare inte funnits någon lagstiftning som direkt tar sikte på de konkurrensproblem som finns mellan privata och offentliga aktörer. Offentliga aktörer har helt andra förutsättningar att bedriva vissa verksamheter i och med att de bl.a. inte behöver ha samma avkastningskrav som privata företag. Genom tillgång till offentliga medel behöver de inte heller oroa sig över att gå i konkurs. En fungerande marknad bygger på att företag som inte är tillräckligt effektiva slås ut till förmån för företag med bättre effektivitet. Offentliga företag behöver dock inte i grunden vara särskilt effektiva för att kunna stanna kvar på en marknad. Vidare så kan de i sin säljverksamhet tillämpa metoder som kan bidra till att privata företag som kanske egentligen är effektivare slås ut. Den nya lagstiftningen syftar till att kunna förbjuda sådana förfaranden eller verksamheter som bedrivs av offentliga aktörer. Konfliktlösningsregeln vill på så sätt skapa effektivare konkurrens och då också bidra till rationell produktion, resursfördelning samt att gynna etablering av nya företag vilket i sin tur gynnar konsumenterna.

I skrivandets stund så har konfliktlösningsregeln ännu inte resulterat i något domstolsavgörande. Trots det så har den ändå fått ett visst genomslag.
KKV har under året mottagit en mängd klagomål där det påstås att offentliga aktörer har brutit mot konfliktlösningsregeln. Vissa av dessa har KKV beslutat sig för att utreda vidare och andra inte. En vanlig anledning till att KKV beslutat sig för att inte utreda ett fall vidare är att den offentliga aktören redan har reglerat eller upphört med sin konkurrensbegränsande verksamhet eller förfarande eller visat tydliga intensioner på att göra så. KKV har även märkt av en betydande självreglering bland offentliga aktörer som ännu inte fått något klagomål riktat mot sig. Det verkar således vara så att den nya lagregleringen bidrar till att fylla sitt syfte även utan domstolsprocesser. (Less)
Abstract
On the 1st of January 2010, new rules were enforced in the Swedish Competition Act (KL). The new legislation has the character of a conflict resolution rule and is based in the 3rd chapter of KL. The aim behind the rule is to solve the competition conflicts that can arise when public operators compete with private operators in open markets. The government, municipality or a county can be prohibited from carrying a specific procedure in their sales operations if it distorts or inhibits competition or has the purpose to do so. An activity can also be prohibited unless it is conducted by a state operator. Further the conflict resolution rule can be applied to a process or activity in a legal person, provided that a state actor, a municipally... (More)
On the 1st of January 2010, new rules were enforced in the Swedish Competition Act (KL). The new legislation has the character of a conflict resolution rule and is based in the 3rd chapter of KL. The aim behind the rule is to solve the competition conflicts that can arise when public operators compete with private operators in open markets. The government, municipality or a county can be prohibited from carrying a specific procedure in their sales operations if it distorts or inhibits competition or has the purpose to do so. An activity can also be prohibited unless it is conducted by a state operator. Further the conflict resolution rule can be applied to a process or activity in a legal person, provided that a state actor, a municipally or a county directly or indirectly has a dominant influence over the legal person.

The new legislation focuses on problems that long have attracted the attention of society, undertakings and the legislator. But before the new rule there has been a lack of legislation that directly aims to solve the competition problems that can arise between private and public sales operations. Public players have completely different conditions than private undertakings when they operate on open markets, since they for example have access to public funding and don’t have the same yield requirements as private undertakings. Unlike private undertakings public sales operations do not have the same worries about the risk for bankruptcy. A well functioning market is based on that companies that are not sufficiently efficient get knocked out in favour of other companies with better efficiency. Public operators must not be particularly efficient to hold a place on the market. In their commercial activities they can apply methods which can help them to exclude private operators that maybe are more efficient. The aim with the new legislation is to make it possible to prohibit such public practice or activities. The legislator’s aim is that the conflict resolution rule will create a more efficient competition and contribute to efficient production, resource allocation and also targeting the establishment of new business, which in the long run will lead to benefits for the consumers.

In the time of writing the new legislation has not yet resulted in any court proceedings. This does not mean that the rule has been meaningless. The Swedish Competition Authority (KKV) has during the year received many complaints from private operators who state infringements of the new legislation. KKV has decided to investigate some of the cases further.
A common reason why KKV decides to not investigate cases further is that the public operator already has cut down the anti-competitive activity or practice, made necessary changes or proved a genuine intension to do so in the near future. KKV has also observed that even without a remark there has been a significant self-regulation among public operators. Thus it seems like the new legislation fulfils its purpose even without court proceedings. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Hultgren, Mica LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
The Conflict Resolution Rule of the Swedish Competition Act
course
JURM01 20111
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
language
Swedish
id
1790393
date added to LUP
2011-04-04 15:16:47
date last changed
2011-04-04 15:16:47
@misc{1790393,
  abstract     = {{On the 1st of January 2010, new rules were enforced in the Swedish Competition Act (KL). The new legislation has the character of a conflict resolution rule and is based in the 3rd chapter of KL. The aim behind the rule is to solve the competition conflicts that can arise when public operators compete with private operators in open markets. The government, municipality or a county can be prohibited from carrying a specific procedure in their sales operations if it distorts or inhibits competition or has the purpose to do so. An activity can also be prohibited unless it is conducted by a state operator. Further the conflict resolution rule can be applied to a process or activity in a legal person, provided that a state actor, a municipally or a county directly or indirectly has a dominant influence over the legal person. 

The new legislation focuses on problems that long have attracted the attention of society, undertakings and the legislator. But before the new rule there has been a lack of legislation that directly aims to solve the competition problems that can arise between private and public sales operations. Public players have completely different conditions than private undertakings when they operate on open markets, since they for example have access to public funding and don’t have the same yield requirements as private undertakings. Unlike private undertakings public sales operations do not have the same worries about the risk for bankruptcy. A well functioning market is based on that companies that are not sufficiently efficient get knocked out in favour of other companies with better efficiency. Public operators must not be particularly efficient to hold a place on the market. In their commercial activities they can apply methods which can help them to exclude private operators that maybe are more efficient. The aim with the new legislation is to make it possible to prohibit such public practice or activities. The legislator’s aim is that the conflict resolution rule will create a more efficient competition and contribute to efficient production, resource allocation and also targeting the establishment of new business, which in the long run will lead to benefits for the consumers.  

In the time of writing the new legislation has not yet resulted in any court proceedings. This does not mean that the rule has been meaningless. The Swedish Competition Authority (KKV) has during the year received many complaints from private operators who state infringements of the new legislation. KKV has decided to investigate some of the cases further. 
A common reason why KKV decides to not investigate cases further is that the public operator already has cut down the anti-competitive activity or practice, made necessary changes or proved a genuine intension to do so in the near future. KKV has also observed that even without a remark there has been a significant self-regulation among public operators. Thus it seems like the new legislation fulfils its purpose even without court proceedings.}},
  author       = {{Hultgren, Mica}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Konkurrenslagens konfliktlösningsregel}},
  year         = {{2011}},
}