Skip to main content

LUP Student Papers

LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

Dags för domaren att komma in i matchen? En analys av domstolens ansvar för utredningen i brottmål

Fogelström, Karin LU (2014) JURM02 20142
Department of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Framställningen behandlar domstolens ansvar för utredningen i brottmål och problematiken kring de skillnader som har uppstått mellan regleringen i rättegångsbalken och praxis bland domare. Enligt rättegångsbalken har domstolen tilldelats ett visst ansvar för att målet blir tillräckligt utrett. Bestämmelserna i rättegångsbalken har många år på nacken och härrör från en tid då åklagarväsendet inte var lika kompetent som idag och den tilltalade inte företräddes av en offentlig försvarare. Domaren ansågs därmed tvungen att bära det yttersta ansvaret för utredningen. Även om domstolens utredningsansvar numera anses vara sekundärt i förhållande till parternas utredningsinsatser, kvarstår regleringen i rättegångsbalken. Trots detta har domare i... (More)
Framställningen behandlar domstolens ansvar för utredningen i brottmål och problematiken kring de skillnader som har uppstått mellan regleringen i rättegångsbalken och praxis bland domare. Enligt rättegångsbalken har domstolen tilldelats ett visst ansvar för att målet blir tillräckligt utrett. Bestämmelserna i rättegångsbalken har många år på nacken och härrör från en tid då åklagarväsendet inte var lika kompetent som idag och den tilltalade inte företräddes av en offentlig försvarare. Domaren ansågs därmed tvungen att bära det yttersta ansvaret för utredningen. Även om domstolens utredningsansvar numera anses vara sekundärt i förhållande till parternas utredningsinsatser, kvarstår regleringen i rättegångsbalken. Trots detta har domare i praktiken intagit en väldigt passiv roll och idag anser många domare att de inte har något som helst ansvar för utredningen i brottmål. Den straffprocessuella regleringen och den praktiska rättstillämpningen glider således längre och längre ifrån vartannat, vilket i sin tur leder till rättsosäkerhet.

I denna uppsats har rättegångsbalkens reglering analyserats med avsikten att definiera domstolens utredningsansvar enligt gällande rätt. För att kunna avgöra om rättegångsbalkens reglering är ändamålsenlig har utredningsansvaret även undersökts i förhållande till straffprocessens funktioner och mål.

Den huvudsakliga slutsatsen av analysen är att domare har en skyldighet att vara mer aktiva i förhållande till utredningen. Det faktum att åklagare numera är väldigt skickliga och att den tilltalade ofta företräds av en försvarare innebär de facto att domaren sällan behöver ingripa och komplettera utredningen på egen hand. Domarens vakenhet utgör dock ett viktigt skydd för den tilltalade, detta mot bakgrund av att parterna i brottmål inte kan sägas vara jämlika. Det finns dessutom fall då den tilltalade inte företräds av en försvarare eller då någon av parterna begår misstag som leder till brister i utredningen. I dessa fall utgör domstolen ett viktigt och nödvändigt skydd mot materiellt felaktiga domar. (Less)
Abstract
This essay deals with the court’s responsibility for the investigation in connection to criminal cases, as well as the problems regarding the differences that have appeared between the regulation in rättegångsbalken (the Swedish criminal procedural act) and practice amongst judges.

According to rättegångsbalken, the court has, to some degree, a responsibility to assure that the case is properly investigated. The regulations in rättegångsbalken are now quite old, derived from a time when the prosecutors were not as competent as today, and when the defendant was not represented by a public defence counsel. Thus, the judge was given the utmost responsibility for the investigation. Today, the court’s responsibility for the investigation is... (More)
This essay deals with the court’s responsibility for the investigation in connection to criminal cases, as well as the problems regarding the differences that have appeared between the regulation in rättegångsbalken (the Swedish criminal procedural act) and practice amongst judges.

According to rättegångsbalken, the court has, to some degree, a responsibility to assure that the case is properly investigated. The regulations in rättegångsbalken are now quite old, derived from a time when the prosecutors were not as competent as today, and when the defendant was not represented by a public defence counsel. Thus, the judge was given the utmost responsibility for the investigation. Today, the court’s responsibility for the investigation is considered secondary in relation to the investigation effort of the parties involved. Nevertheless, the regulation still remains in rättegångsbalken, although today, judges have adopted a passive role and many judges consider themselves to be free from responsibility for the investigation. The rules of the criminal procedure and practice amongst judges are thus moving further apart and this, in turn, weakens the legal security.

In this dissertation the regulations in rättegångsbalken have been analysed with the underlying purpose do define the court’s responsibility for the investigation according to current law. Additionally, the court’s responsibility for the investigation has been examined in relation to the functions and aims of the criminal procedure, in order to decide whether the regulations in rättegångsbalken are appropriate.

The main conclusion of the analysis is that the judge has a responsibility to be more active in relation to the investigation. Today, judges rarely have to intervene and complete investigations due to skilled prosecutors, and the fact that public defence counsels often represent the defendant. However, the alertness of the judge is an important protection for the defendant, as the parties in a criminal case cannot be considered equal. Also, there are cases where a defence counsel does not represent the defendant, or when one of the parties makes a mistake leading to flaws in the investigation. In cases like these, the court is an important, and necessary, protection against substantively wrongful judgements. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Fogelström, Karin LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Time for the Judge to get Into the Game? An Analysis of the Court's Responsibility for the Investigation in Criminal Cases
course
JURM02 20142
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
straffrätt, straffprocessrätt, utredningsansvar, domstol, domar, utredning
language
Swedish
id
4914168
date added to LUP
2015-04-14 14:24:16
date last changed
2015-04-14 14:24:31
@misc{4914168,
  abstract     = {{This essay deals with the court’s responsibility for the investigation in connection to criminal cases, as well as the problems regarding the differences that have appeared between the regulation in rättegångsbalken (the Swedish criminal procedural act) and practice amongst judges. 

According to rättegångsbalken, the court has, to some degree, a responsibility to assure that the case is properly investigated. The regulations in rättegångsbalken are now quite old, derived from a time when the prosecutors were not as competent as today, and when the defendant was not represented by a public defence counsel. Thus, the judge was given the utmost responsibility for the investigation. Today, the court’s responsibility for the investigation is considered secondary in relation to the investigation effort of the parties involved. Nevertheless, the regulation still remains in rättegångsbalken, although today, judges have adopted a passive role and many judges consider themselves to be free from responsibility for the investigation. The rules of the criminal procedure and practice amongst judges are thus moving further apart and this, in turn, weakens the legal security.

In this dissertation the regulations in rättegångsbalken have been analysed with the underlying purpose do define the court’s responsibility for the investigation according to current law. Additionally, the court’s responsibility for the investigation has been examined in relation to the functions and aims of the criminal procedure, in order to decide whether the regulations in rättegångsbalken are appropriate. 

The main conclusion of the analysis is that the judge has a responsibility to be more active in relation to the investigation. Today, judges rarely have to intervene and complete investigations due to skilled prosecutors, and the fact that public defence counsels often represent the defendant. However, the alertness of the judge is an important protection for the defendant, as the parties in a criminal case cannot be considered equal. Also, there are cases where a defence counsel does not represent the defendant, or when one of the parties makes a mistake leading to flaws in the investigation. In cases like these, the court is an important, and necessary, protection against substantively wrongful judgements.}},
  author       = {{Fogelström, Karin}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Dags för domaren att komma in i matchen? En analys av domstolens ansvar för utredningen i brottmål}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}