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Sambo tills döden skiljer oss åt? - en studie om sambors avsaknad av arvsrätt och begränsade efterlevandeskydd

Forser, Julia LU (2016) JURM02 20161
Department of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Syftet med denna framställning är att, mot bakgrund av att arvsrätt existerar inom äktenskap, undersöka om sambors avsaknad av arvsrätt är motiverad samt att diskutera sambors efterlevandeskydd de lege ferenda. För att uppnå syftet undersöks efterlevandeskyddet för sambor respektive makar, hur efterlevandeskyddet för sambor kan stärkas, hur sambors avsaknad av arvsrätt är motiverad och till sist hur samboförhållanden har förändrats sedan ställningstagandet till sambors avsaknad av arvsrätt togs.

Sambor ärver inte varandra. Om någon av dem avlider fördelas arvet i enlighet med den legala arvsordningen där efterlevande sambo inte ingår. Det uppställs emellertid ett visst efterlevandeskydd för sambor. Förutom rätten till bodelning, som... (More)
Syftet med denna framställning är att, mot bakgrund av att arvsrätt existerar inom äktenskap, undersöka om sambors avsaknad av arvsrätt är motiverad samt att diskutera sambors efterlevandeskydd de lege ferenda. För att uppnå syftet undersöks efterlevandeskyddet för sambor respektive makar, hur efterlevandeskyddet för sambor kan stärkas, hur sambors avsaknad av arvsrätt är motiverad och till sist hur samboförhållanden har förändrats sedan ställningstagandet till sambors avsaknad av arvsrätt togs.

Sambor ärver inte varandra. Om någon av dem avlider fördelas arvet i enlighet med den legala arvsordningen där efterlevande sambo inte ingår. Det uppställs emellertid ett visst efterlevandeskydd för sambor. Förutom rätten till bodelning, som tillkommer efterlevande sambo, uppställs ett minimiskydd som innebär att efterlevande har rätt att erhålla ett visst belopp av samboegendomen samt en övertaganderätt till bostaden i vissa fall. Utöver dessa efterlevandeskydd kan sambor i vissa fall själva utöka efterlevandeskyddet genom att ingå avtal om sammanlevnad i oskiftat bo eller genom att upprätta testamente. Makar däremot ärver varandra och jämfört med efterlevandeskyddet de åtnjuter framstår sambors efterlevandeskydd som ytterst begränsat. Det finns flera sätt att stärka efterlevandeskyddet för sambor; den delningsbara egendomen kan utökas till att avse fler egendomstyper, sambor kan tillåtas avtala om vad som skall ingå i bodelning, minimibeloppet efterlevande sambo erhåller kan ökas och testationsfriheten kan utökas. Ytterligare ett sätt att stärka efterlevande sambos ställning på är genom att införa arvsrätt för sambor. En av mina frågeställningar gick ut på att undersöka hur sambors avsaknad av arvsrätt är motiverad. Ställningstagandet till sambors avsaknad av arvsrätt togs inför tillkomsten av den tidigare sambolagen år 1987 och bygger på hur levnadsförhållandena såg ut då. För att möjliggöra en analys om huruvida sambors avsaknad av arvsrätt är motiverad, undersökte jag om samboförhållanden har förändrats i de aspekter som låg till grund för ställningstagandet. Jag fann att de har det. Samboförhållanden är bland annat mer vanligt förekommande och vanligare i högre åldrar. Dock verkar de fortfarande vara av mer kortvarig natur än vad äktenskap är.

Jag förespråkar att efterlevandeskyddet för sambor bör stärkas genom att utöka testationsfriheten till att avse sambors gemensamma barns laglott. Däremot har jag inte ansett det vara tillräckligt utrett om sambor vill ärva varandra över huvud taget eller i sådana fall i vilka hänseenden eller i vilken utsträckning, för att tillerkänna sambor arvsrätt. Utifrån det material som finns att tillgå har jag således dragit slutsatsen att sambors avsaknad av arvsrätt är motiverad. (Less)
Abstract
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate whether or not it is justifiable that cohabiting partners don’t inherit from each other, given that married couples do. Furthermore, I am going to discuss cohabiting partners’ provision for surviving lex ferenda. Towards this purpose I will look into current survivorship legislation that affects cohabiting partners as well as married couples, how it can be improved, the motivations behind the lack of a right for cohabitants to inherit from each other, and how cohabitation has changed since the motivations.

Cohabitants are currently not entitled to inherit from one another. If a cohabitant is deceased, the legal order of succession will apply, which the surviving cohabitant is not a part of.... (More)
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate whether or not it is justifiable that cohabiting partners don’t inherit from each other, given that married couples do. Furthermore, I am going to discuss cohabiting partners’ provision for surviving lex ferenda. Towards this purpose I will look into current survivorship legislation that affects cohabiting partners as well as married couples, how it can be improved, the motivations behind the lack of a right for cohabitants to inherit from each other, and how cohabitation has changed since the motivations.

Cohabitants are currently not entitled to inherit from one another. If a cohabitant is deceased, the legal order of succession will apply, which the surviving cohabitant is not a part of. Instead, other provisions for surviving are offered. In addition to the right to property division that is provided for the surviving cohabitant, there is a right that establishes a minimum monetary grant that the surviving cohabitant has the right to receive from the couple’s property settlement, as well as a right to obtain the housing in certain situations. Moreover, the surviving cohabitant himself can extend the provisions for surviving by entering an agreement with the heirs to not split the decedent's estate. Also, the cohabitants can make sure to provide for each other through the writing of a will. Spouses, however, automatically inherit from each other, and compared to the provisions for surviving they benefit from, the protection that cohabitants may obtain seems very limited. There are several possible ways to extend these provisions for cohabitants. The property division rules can be extended, cohabitants can be allowed to make agreements about what property to divide in the first place, the minimum grant for the surviving cohabitant can be larger, and the right to dispose of one’s possessions through a will can be extended. An additional way of improving the survivorship legislation for cohabitants would be to implement a right to inherit from each other. One of my research questions examined the motivation behind the lack of a right for cohabitants to inherit from each other. The decision not to implement such a right was made in 1987, when establishing the former law applying to cohabitants, and as such, the decision was based upon living conditions in that era. In order to enable an analysis regarding whether or not it is justifiable that cohabitants don’t inherit from each other, I investigated if cohabitation has changed since the decision was made not to implement the right for cohabitants to inherit from each other. I found that cohabitation has changed since then: among other things, cohabitation is more common and increasing among higher age groups, even though this life choice still tends to be more temporary than marriages.

I advise the survivorship legislation for cohabitants to be extended to letting them dispose of their possessions more freely through a will. Namely, my suggestion is that the freedom to divide through a will should be extended to include the cohabitants’ mutual children’s statutory share of inheritance. However, I didn’t find the existing research to be extensive enough to grant cohabitants a legal right to inherit from each other based on it, since there isn’t enough research to conclude whether or not cohabitants wish to inherit from each other at all, nor in what situations or to what extent. Thus I found that based on the existing research, cohabitants’ lack of a legal right to inherit from each other is justifiable. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Forser, Julia LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Cohabit until death do us part? - a study of cohabitants' lack of a legal right to inherit from each other and limited provisions for survival
course
JURM02 20161
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
familjerätt, sambo, samboförhållande, arvsrätt, efterlevandeskydd
language
Swedish
id
8875189
date added to LUP
2016-07-28 11:31:03
date last changed
2016-07-28 11:31:03
@misc{8875189,
  abstract     = {{The purpose of this thesis is to investigate whether or not it is justifiable that cohabiting partners don’t inherit from each other, given that married couples do. Furthermore, I am going to discuss cohabiting partners’ provision for surviving lex ferenda. Towards this purpose I will look into current survivorship legislation that affects cohabiting partners as well as married couples, how it can be improved, the motivations behind the lack of a right for cohabitants to inherit from each other, and how cohabitation has changed since the motivations.

Cohabitants are currently not entitled to inherit from one another. If a cohabitant is deceased, the legal order of succession will apply, which the surviving cohabitant is not a part of. Instead, other provisions for surviving are offered. In addition to the right to property division that is provided for the surviving cohabitant, there is a right that establishes a minimum monetary grant that the surviving cohabitant has the right to receive from the couple’s property settlement, as well as a right to obtain the housing in certain situations. Moreover, the surviving cohabitant himself can extend the provisions for surviving by entering an agreement with the heirs to not split the decedent's estate. Also, the cohabitants can make sure to provide for each other through the writing of a will. Spouses, however, automatically inherit from each other, and compared to the provisions for surviving they benefit from, the protection that cohabitants may obtain seems very limited. There are several possible ways to extend these provisions for cohabitants. The property division rules can be extended, cohabitants can be allowed to make agreements about what property to divide in the first place, the minimum grant for the surviving cohabitant can be larger, and the right to dispose of one’s possessions through a will can be extended. An additional way of improving the survivorship legislation for cohabitants would be to implement a right to inherit from each other. One of my research questions examined the motivation behind the lack of a right for cohabitants to inherit from each other. The decision not to implement such a right was made in 1987, when establishing the former law applying to cohabitants, and as such, the decision was based upon living conditions in that era. In order to enable an analysis regarding whether or not it is justifiable that cohabitants don’t inherit from each other, I investigated if cohabitation has changed since the decision was made not to implement the right for cohabitants to inherit from each other. I found that cohabitation has changed since then: among other things, cohabitation is more common and increasing among higher age groups, even though this life choice still tends to be more temporary than marriages.

I advise the survivorship legislation for cohabitants to be extended to letting them dispose of their possessions more freely through a will. Namely, my suggestion is that the freedom to divide through a will should be extended to include the cohabitants’ mutual children’s statutory share of inheritance. However, I didn’t find the existing research to be extensive enough to grant cohabitants a legal right to inherit from each other based on it, since there isn’t enough research to conclude whether or not cohabitants wish to inherit from each other at all, nor in what situations or to what extent. Thus I found that based on the existing research, cohabitants’ lack of a legal right to inherit from each other is justifiable.}},
  author       = {{Forser, Julia}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Sambo tills döden skiljer oss åt? - en studie om sambors avsaknad av arvsrätt och begränsade efterlevandeskydd}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}