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Nano-synergies in conventional flame retardants

Israel, David LU (2016) KOO920 20161
Centre for Analysis and Synthesis
Abstract
In this master thesis the effects of adding nanoparticles to conventional flame retardants has been examined. The main part of the work has been carried out at Saab Barracuda AB (Barracuda) in Gamleby, and part of the work has been carried out at the Swedish Defense Research Agency (FOI) and Exova, both in Linköping, as well as The Faculty of Engineering in Lund. The work focuses on whether the addition of certain nanoparticles, carbon-nanotubes or nanoclay, can improve the flame retardancy of the already existing conventional flame retardants used by Barracuda. From the results, different conclusions are put forth regarding how the correlation between the addition of nanoparticles and the flammability characteristics could look like. A... (More)
In this master thesis the effects of adding nanoparticles to conventional flame retardants has been examined. The main part of the work has been carried out at Saab Barracuda AB (Barracuda) in Gamleby, and part of the work has been carried out at the Swedish Defense Research Agency (FOI) and Exova, both in Linköping, as well as The Faculty of Engineering in Lund. The work focuses on whether the addition of certain nanoparticles, carbon-nanotubes or nanoclay, can improve the flame retardancy of the already existing conventional flame retardants used by Barracuda. From the results, different conclusions are put forth regarding how the correlation between the addition of nanoparticles and the flammability characteristics could look like. A large number of samples \newline (~400) have been fabricated and subjected to tests such as the ISO 6941 standard, scanning electron microscopy, cone calorimetry and light microscopy in order to evaluate the fire retardancy and the possible explanations for the aforementioned. The main part of the samples were fabricated by coating a textile fabric with a mixture of either solely the flame retardant or a mixture by the flame retardant and nanoparticles. It is clear that adding carbon-nanotubes to the conventional flame retardants strongly improves variables such as burn time, and heat release rate. The addition of nanoclay can both improve as well as deteriorate the flame retardancy. The dispersion method for the nanoclay seems to play a vital role on the end result, and further tests are needed in order to make a comprehensive conclusion. The methodology from the thesis shows an easy, effective and commercially viable method for evaluating potential effects that the addition of nanoparticles have on conventional flame retardants. The results can be used by either Barracuda or by the flame retardant manufacturers to develop a more effective flame retardant. This thesis only examines two, out of many possible, nanoparticles, and the effects they have on two conventional flame retardants. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
I det här examensarbetet har effekterna av att tillsätta nanopartiklar till konventionella flamskyddsmedel studerats. Huvuddelen av arbetet har utförts på Saab Barracuda AB (Barracuda), Gamleby, och delar av arbetet har utförts på Totalförsvarets forskningsintitut (FOI) och Exova, båda i Linköping, samt Lunds Tekniska Högskola (LTH), Lund. Arbetet fokuserar på att utreda om tillsatsen av specifika nanopartiklar, kolnanorör eller nanolera, kan förbättra prestandan hos befintliga konventionella flamskydd som används av Saab Barracuda AB. Från resultatet presenteras slutsatser angående hur sambandet mellan tillsättandet av nanopartiklar och flamskyddsegenskaperna skulle kunna förhålla sig. En stor mängd provkroppar (~400) har tillverkats och... (More)
I det här examensarbetet har effekterna av att tillsätta nanopartiklar till konventionella flamskyddsmedel studerats. Huvuddelen av arbetet har utförts på Saab Barracuda AB (Barracuda), Gamleby, och delar av arbetet har utförts på Totalförsvarets forskningsintitut (FOI) och Exova, båda i Linköping, samt Lunds Tekniska Högskola (LTH), Lund. Arbetet fokuserar på att utreda om tillsatsen av specifika nanopartiklar, kolnanorör eller nanolera, kan förbättra prestandan hos befintliga konventionella flamskydd som används av Saab Barracuda AB. Från resultatet presenteras slutsatser angående hur sambandet mellan tillsättandet av nanopartiklar och flamskyddsegenskaperna skulle kunna förhålla sig. En stor mängd provkroppar (~400) har tillverkats och utsatts för tester såsom ISO 6941 standarden, svepelektronmikroskopi, konkalorimetri och ljusmikroksopi, för att utvärdera flamskyddsegenskaperna och förklaringarna till detta. En övervägande del av proven har tillverkats genom att belägga en textil med antingen enbart en blandning innehållande flamskyddsmedel eller antingen en blandning innehållande flamskyddsmedel och nanopartiklar. Det står tydligt att tillsatsen av kolnanorör till konventionella flamskydd drastiskt förbättrar variabler såsom brinntid och värmefrigöringshastighet. Tillsatsen av nanolera till konventionella flamskydd kan både förbättra och försämra flamskyddet. Hur nanoleran dispergeras verkar spela en nyckelroll på slutresultatet, och vidare tester är nödvändiga för att kunna dra en övergripande slutsats. Metodiken från det här examensarbetet erbjuder en enkel, effektiv, samt kommersiellt gångbar metod för att utvärdera potentiella effekter som tillsatsen av nanopartiklar kan ha på konventionella flamskyddsmedel. Resultaten kan användas av antingen Barracuda, eller av flamskyddstillverkare för att utvecka ett mer effektivt flamskydd. I det här arbetet undersöks endast två, av många möjliga, nanopartiklar, och hur dessa påverkar två konventionella flammskyddsmedel. (Less)
Popular Abstract
The use of flame retardants is more widespread than you might think. A lot of everyday objects that you usually don’t think about have been treated with different flame retardants. Furniture such as your couch and armchairs, clothes,floors, curtains as well as many plastic objects in your home are all examples of common items that have in most cases have undergone some kind of flame retardant treatment.
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Israel, David LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Nano-synergier i konventionella flamskyddsmedel
course
KOO920 20161
year
type
H2 - Master's Degree (Two Years)
subject
keywords
Flameretardants, Carbon-nanotubes, Flamskyddsmedel, Nanoclay, Kolnanorör, Nanolera, materials chemistry, materialkemi
language
English
id
8882471
date added to LUP
2016-08-01 11:14:26
date last changed
2016-08-01 11:14:26
@misc{8882471,
  abstract     = {{In this master thesis the effects of adding nanoparticles to conventional flame retardants has been examined. The main part of the work has been carried out at Saab Barracuda AB (Barracuda) in Gamleby, and part of the work has been carried out at the Swedish Defense Research Agency (FOI) and Exova, both in Linköping, as well as The Faculty of Engineering in Lund. The work focuses on whether the addition of certain nanoparticles, carbon-nanotubes or nanoclay, can improve the flame retardancy of the already existing conventional flame retardants used by Barracuda. From the results, different conclusions are put forth regarding how the correlation between the addition of nanoparticles and the flammability characteristics could look like. A large number of samples \newline (~400) have been fabricated and subjected to tests such as the ISO 6941 standard, scanning electron microscopy, cone calorimetry and light microscopy in order to evaluate the fire retardancy and the possible explanations for the aforementioned. The main part of the samples were fabricated by coating a textile fabric with a mixture of either solely the flame retardant or a mixture by the flame retardant and nanoparticles. It is clear that adding carbon-nanotubes to the conventional flame retardants strongly improves variables such as burn time, and heat release rate. The addition of nanoclay can both improve as well as deteriorate the flame retardancy. The dispersion method for the nanoclay seems to play a vital role on the end result, and further tests are needed in order to make a comprehensive conclusion. The methodology from the thesis shows an easy, effective and commercially viable method for evaluating potential effects that the addition of nanoparticles have on conventional flame retardants. The results can be used by either Barracuda or by the flame retardant manufacturers to develop a more effective flame retardant. This thesis only examines two, out of many possible, nanoparticles, and the effects they have on two conventional flame retardants.}},
  author       = {{Israel, David}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Nano-synergies in conventional flame retardants}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}