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"[...] är därmed skyldig att flytta genast" - En undersökning av barnets rätt i vräkningsförfarandet utifrån sårbarhetsteori

Bergstrand, Clara LU (2018) LAGF03 20181
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Vräkning är en av de mest ingripande åtgärder och traumatiserande upplevelser som någon, särskilt ett barn, kan vara med om. Under 2017 vräktes enligt Kronofogdemyndighetens statistik 392 barn och hyresskulder utgör den vanligaste orsaken till att en barnfamilj avhyses. I nästan hälften av fallen sker avhysningen för hyresskulder för belopp under 10 000 kronor. Detta trots att det är mer fördelaktigt ur ett ekonomiskt och socialt samhällsperspektiv att familjen bor kvar. Det finns inte någon konkret och utkrävbar rätt till bostad och det finns inte heller någon särreglering för barn, utan skyddet mot barnvräkningar får hämtas i generella skyddsbestämmelser. Dessa återfinns bl.a. i barnkonventionen och principen om barnets bästa och enligt... (More)
Vräkning är en av de mest ingripande åtgärder och traumatiserande upplevelser som någon, särskilt ett barn, kan vara med om. Under 2017 vräktes enligt Kronofogdemyndighetens statistik 392 barn och hyresskulder utgör den vanligaste orsaken till att en barnfamilj avhyses. I nästan hälften av fallen sker avhysningen för hyresskulder för belopp under 10 000 kronor. Detta trots att det är mer fördelaktigt ur ett ekonomiskt och socialt samhällsperspektiv att familjen bor kvar. Det finns inte någon konkret och utkrävbar rätt till bostad och det finns inte heller någon särreglering för barn, utan skyddet mot barnvräkningar får hämtas i generella skyddsbestämmelser. Dessa återfinns bl.a. i barnkonventionen och principen om barnets bästa och enligt konventionen ska barnets bästa genomsyra alla myndighetsåtgärder som berör barn.
Uppsatsen utgår ifrån Critical Legal Studies (CLS) och Martha Albertson Finemans teori om sårbarhet. CLS ifrågasätter att juridiken är objektiv och neutral samt hävdar att den är ett verktyg för att gynna särskilda intressen. Sårbarhetsteorin utgår ifrån att varje människa är sårbar och beroende av andra. Detta skiljer sig från synen på det ideala rättssubjektet som förekommer inom juridiken och Fineman menar att rätten saknar förståelse för när människan inte agerar rationellt och i linje med det som föreskrivs i lagen.
Uppsatsen kretsar kring intressekonflikt mellan hyresvärden och hyresgästen och hur avvägningen mellan barnets och hyresvärdens intressen har utformats och bedöms. Vid avhysningsärenden tillämpas den summariska processen, vilken lämnar ett marginellt utrymme för hänsyn till barnets bästa och förståelse för förälderns sårbarhet. Processen gynnar istället hyresvärdens rätt till en effektiv hantering av dennes anspråk. Vidare hävdas att synen på hyresgästen grundar sig i det ideala rättssubjektet, men verklighetens hyresgäst har varken faktiska och materiella möjligheter att agera rationellt efter de regler som ställs upp i avhysningsförfarandet. Till sist konstaterar uppsatsen att det även finns en stor avsaknad av hänsyn till barnet i både rättsfall och propositioner. Sammanfattningsvis argumenterar uppsatsen att dessa faktorer leder till att barnets intresse står svagt mot hyresvärdens. (Less)
Abstract
Eviction is one of the most traumatic experiences anybody experience – a fact which holds especially true for children. According to the statistics of the Swedish Enforcement Authority 392 children were evicted in Sweden during the year of 2017. Rental debt is the most common cause of the eviction of families, and in almost half of all cases the debt amounts to less than 10 000 SEK. That said, it would be more beneficial, from both an economic and societal perspective, if these families were able to stay in their homes.
However there is no concrete or demandable right for housing, and there are no special regulations concerning children. Therefore the protection of the child’s interest to stay in their home, is found in general... (More)
Eviction is one of the most traumatic experiences anybody experience – a fact which holds especially true for children. According to the statistics of the Swedish Enforcement Authority 392 children were evicted in Sweden during the year of 2017. Rental debt is the most common cause of the eviction of families, and in almost half of all cases the debt amounts to less than 10 000 SEK. That said, it would be more beneficial, from both an economic and societal perspective, if these families were able to stay in their homes.
However there is no concrete or demandable right for housing, and there are no special regulations concerning children. Therefore the protection of the child’s interest to stay in their home, is found in general regulations, such as the Convention on the Rights of the Child and in the best interests of the child doctrine. According to the convention, the best interests of the child shall be a primary consideration in all actions concerning children undertaken by social welfare institutions.
This thesis is influenced by the views of Critical Legal Studies (CLS) and based on Martha Albertson Fineman’s vulnerability theory. CLS criticises the belief that law is unbiased and neutral, arguing instead that it is a tool which favours certain interests. The vulnerability theory states that vulnerability is universal and constant, inherent to the human condition. This diverges from the description of the ideal legal subject and Fineman claims that law lacks an understanding of the acts of the vulnerable individual.
The main concern of this thesis is the conflict of interests between the landlord and tenant, with the particular focus on how the interest of the child is balanced within this conflict. In the eviction process, the Swedish Enforcement Authority uses the summary proceeding, which arguably takes little account of the interest of the child or the tenant’s vulnerability. However, the proceeding favours the land lord’s interest in an efficient management of their claims. Furthermore, the thesis states that the tenant is viewed according to the ideal legal subject. The reality facing tenants is however very different, as they often lack both actual and material means to act rationally and in accordance with the rules of the eviction process. Finally, this thesis will argue that there is an absence of consideration of the interest of the child in both court cases and legislative history which, with all things considered, implies that the interest of the child stands weak against the landlord. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Bergstrand, Clara LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20181
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Socialrätt, social and welfare law, critical legal studies, Martha Fineman, sårbarhetsteori, vräkning, avhysning, barnrätt
language
Swedish
id
8941509
date added to LUP
2018-07-15 13:37:40
date last changed
2018-07-15 13:37:40
@misc{8941509,
  abstract     = {{Eviction is one of the most traumatic experiences anybody experience – a fact which holds especially true for children. According to the statistics of the Swedish Enforcement Authority 392 children were evicted in Sweden during the year of 2017. Rental debt is the most common cause of the eviction of families, and in almost half of all cases the debt amounts to less than 10 000 SEK. That said, it would be more beneficial, from both an economic and societal perspective, if these families were able to stay in their homes. 
However there is no concrete or demandable right for housing, and there are no special regulations concerning children. Therefore the protection of the child’s interest to stay in their home, is found in general regulations, such as the Convention on the Rights of the Child and in the best interests of the child doctrine. According to the convention, the best interests of the child shall be a primary consideration in all actions concerning children undertaken by social welfare institutions.
This thesis is influenced by the views of Critical Legal Studies (CLS) and based on Martha Albertson Fineman’s vulnerability theory. CLS criticises the belief that law is unbiased and neutral, arguing instead that it is a tool which favours certain interests. The vulnerability theory states that vulnerability is universal and constant, inherent to the human condition. This diverges from the description of the ideal legal subject and Fineman claims that law lacks an understanding of the acts of the vulnerable individual.
 The main concern of this thesis is the conflict of interests between the landlord and tenant, with the particular focus on how the interest of the child is balanced within this conflict. In the eviction process, the Swedish Enforcement Authority uses the summary proceeding, which arguably takes little account of the interest of the child or the tenant’s vulnerability. However, the proceeding favours the land lord’s interest in an efficient management of their claims. Furthermore, the thesis states that the tenant is viewed according to the ideal legal subject. The reality facing tenants is however very different, as they often lack both actual and material means to act rationally and in accordance with the rules of the eviction process. Finally, this thesis will argue that there is an absence of consideration of the interest of the child in both court cases and legislative history which, with all things considered, implies that the interest of the child stands weak against the landlord.}},
  author       = {{Bergstrand, Clara}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{"[...] är därmed skyldig att flytta genast" - En undersökning av barnets rätt i vräkningsförfarandet utifrån sårbarhetsteori}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}