Anonyma vittnen - En undersökning av rättssäkerhet, effektivitet och ett eventuellt införande av anonyma vittnesmål i Sverige
(2019) LAGF03 20191Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- I Sverige råder idag förbud mot anonyma vittnen men ämnet har diskuterats i omgångar sedan år 1990 i Sverige. De senaste åren har gängkriminaliteten ökat vilket har blåst liv i debatten igen. Politiker anser att ett införande av anonyma vittnen kan få fler personer att vittna i rättegångar rörande organiserad brottslighet. Så sent som den tredje april år 2019 beslutade riksdagen att tillsätta en utredning med syfte att utreda möjligheterna att införa anonyma vittnen.
Syftet med uppsatsen är att utreda om det går att införa och utforma ett rättssäkert system med anonyma vittnen som leder till fler fällande domar i fall rörande organiserad brottslighet. Över hela uppsatsen vilar ett rättssäkerhetsperspektiv och utgångspunkten blir den... (More) - I Sverige råder idag förbud mot anonyma vittnen men ämnet har diskuterats i omgångar sedan år 1990 i Sverige. De senaste åren har gängkriminaliteten ökat vilket har blåst liv i debatten igen. Politiker anser att ett införande av anonyma vittnen kan få fler personer att vittna i rättegångar rörande organiserad brottslighet. Så sent som den tredje april år 2019 beslutade riksdagen att tillsätta en utredning med syfte att utreda möjligheterna att införa anonyma vittnen.
Syftet med uppsatsen är att utreda om det går att införa och utforma ett rättssäkert system med anonyma vittnen som leder till fler fällande domar i fall rörande organiserad brottslighet. Över hela uppsatsen vilar ett rättssäkerhetsperspektiv och utgångspunkten blir den tilltalades rätt till kontradiktion och rätten till en rättvis rättegång, art. 6 EKMR. Europadomstolen förbjuder inte system med anonyma vittnen men praxis ställer upp krav på hur dessa system får användas. Rättssäkerheten för den tilltalade blir däremot inskränkt vid ett införande av anonyma vittnen.
Sverige har stor rättslikhet med Norges, därför har deras system med anonyma vittnen studerats för förståelse om hur ett system kan utformas.
Regelverket är både kreativt utformat och ställer stränga krav för att vittnen ska ges anonymitet. Systemet har dock sällan tillämpats och ger enligt mig inte något starkt stöd för att tillåta anonyma vittnen i Sverige. Den tilltalades rätt till kontradiktion, anser jag, begränsas i Norge på ett otillfredsställande sätt. Jag menar att anonyma vittnen inte är lösningen på problemet med organiserad brottslighet. Den tilltalade bör därför även fortsättningsvis få veta vem som riktar anklagelser mot denne. (Less) - Abstract
- The use of anonymous witnesses is today prohibited in Sweden but the subject has been fiercely debated since 1990. In the past recent years organized crime has increased which has reignited the debate once again. By passing a law that allows for anonymous witnesses, politicians believe more people will be willing to testify in criminal cases featuring organized crime. The Swedish parliament decided on the third of April 2019 to appoint an investigation to examine the possibility to use anonymous witnesses in the criminal trial procedure.
The purpose of this essay is to investigate whether it is possible to set up a system with anonymous witnesses in compliance with the rule of law. This essay will also examine if such a system results... (More) - The use of anonymous witnesses is today prohibited in Sweden but the subject has been fiercely debated since 1990. In the past recent years organized crime has increased which has reignited the debate once again. By passing a law that allows for anonymous witnesses, politicians believe more people will be willing to testify in criminal cases featuring organized crime. The Swedish parliament decided on the third of April 2019 to appoint an investigation to examine the possibility to use anonymous witnesses in the criminal trial procedure.
The purpose of this essay is to investigate whether it is possible to set up a system with anonymous witnesses in compliance with the rule of law. This essay will also examine if such a system results in more convictions in cases of organized crime. The legal basis is the defendant's right to cross-examine witnesses and the right to a fair trial, art. 6 ECHR. The European Court of Justice does not prohibit the use of anonymous witnesses in criminal trial procedure but court practice sets requirements on how to use such a system. The implementation of a system that allows for anonymous witnesses will however circumscribe the procedural guarantees of the defendant.
The Swedish legal system is similar to the one in Norway. Norway´s regulation concerning anonymous witnesses can therefore be used as an example of how an acquis can be designed. Norwegian regulations require witnesses to fulfil certain strict requirements before they are given anonymity. However, the acquis has rarely been applied and, in my opinion, does not constitute a strong argument for allowing anonymous witnesses in Sweden. I think the defendant right to cross-examine witnesses have been unsatisfactory limited in Norway and I don’t believe a system with anonymous witnesses is the right way to reduce organized crime. Therefore, I believe that the defendant should, as today, continue to know the identity of the person accusing him or her. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/8977193
- author
- Larsson, Oskar LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- LAGF03 20191
- year
- 2019
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- Straffrätt: anonyma vittnen
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 8977193
- date added to LUP
- 2019-09-16 10:26:13
- date last changed
- 2019-09-16 10:26:13
@misc{8977193,
abstract = {{The use of anonymous witnesses is today prohibited in Sweden but the subject has been fiercely debated since 1990. In the past recent years organized crime has increased which has reignited the debate once again. By passing a law that allows for anonymous witnesses, politicians believe more people will be willing to testify in criminal cases featuring organized crime. The Swedish parliament decided on the third of April 2019 to appoint an investigation to examine the possibility to use anonymous witnesses in the criminal trial procedure.
The purpose of this essay is to investigate whether it is possible to set up a system with anonymous witnesses in compliance with the rule of law. This essay will also examine if such a system results in more convictions in cases of organized crime. The legal basis is the defendant's right to cross-examine witnesses and the right to a fair trial, art. 6 ECHR. The European Court of Justice does not prohibit the use of anonymous witnesses in criminal trial procedure but court practice sets requirements on how to use such a system. The implementation of a system that allows for anonymous witnesses will however circumscribe the procedural guarantees of the defendant.
The Swedish legal system is similar to the one in Norway. Norway´s regulation concerning anonymous witnesses can therefore be used as an example of how an acquis can be designed. Norwegian regulations require witnesses to fulfil certain strict requirements before they are given anonymity. However, the acquis has rarely been applied and, in my opinion, does not constitute a strong argument for allowing anonymous witnesses in Sweden. I think the defendant right to cross-examine witnesses have been unsatisfactory limited in Norway and I don’t believe a system with anonymous witnesses is the right way to reduce organized crime. Therefore, I believe that the defendant should, as today, continue to know the identity of the person accusing him or her.}},
author = {{Larsson, Oskar}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Anonyma vittnen - En undersökning av rättssäkerhet, effektivitet och ett eventuellt införande av anonyma vittnesmål i Sverige}},
year = {{2019}},
}