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Granskning av kommunala utmaningar för implementeringen av nya rökfria miljöer

Henriksson, Tobias LU (2019) MVEM03 20191
Studies in Environmental Science
Abstract
The Law of Tobacco and Similar Products becomes active on the 1st of July 2019 and brings with it new no-smoking areas, primarily in outdoor environments, which will demand municipal supervision. In this study, officials from Scania’s municipalities have been interviewed to investigate what their opinions, views and expected challenges with the implementation of these no-smoking areas are. It was of interest to find out which issues are expected to emerge during the implementation, how the supervision of the no-smoking areas is supposed to work, if there are other social interests that may be affected negatively due to the no-smoking areas, and which solutions have been intro-duced to solve these potential problems. .In total, 19 of... (More)
The Law of Tobacco and Similar Products becomes active on the 1st of July 2019 and brings with it new no-smoking areas, primarily in outdoor environments, which will demand municipal supervision. In this study, officials from Scania’s municipalities have been interviewed to investigate what their opinions, views and expected challenges with the implementation of these no-smoking areas are. It was of interest to find out which issues are expected to emerge during the implementation, how the supervision of the no-smoking areas is supposed to work, if there are other social interests that may be affected negatively due to the no-smoking areas, and which solutions have been intro-duced to solve these potential problems. .In total, 19 of Scania’s 33 municipalities are represented in 14 semi-structured qualitative interviews. Additionally, one official from the Regional Board of Blekinge was interviewed to investigate what role the regional boards carry in the implementation of the law, and to get a different perspective on the challenges and opinions presented by the municipal officials.

The results imply that there are faults in the information and guidance given to the municipalities by the Public Health Agency of Sweden about how the supervision of the law is supposed to work; what responsibility to inform the public the municipalities carry; as well as about certain unclear definitions in the law. One such unclear defini-tion concerns the demarcation of the no-smoking areas, which is not clearly defined by the law nor its proposition to the parliament. This leads multiple municipal officials to be unsure of how and when to apply the law. How the supervision of the law is supposed to work is at the moment not certain due to several officials having differing expectations of what will be required in the supervision. A strong possibility seems to be reactive supervision following complaints, and spreading information to the public and those responsible to maintain the no-smoking areas. The supervision of the no-smoking areas is also of risk of being prioritized down by several municipalities due to time and resource restraints, which is made worse by the fact that the law carries pre-viously mentioned unclarities which will be time consuming to be resolve. The munic-ipal officials overall could not identify any other social interests that could be affected negatively by the no-smoking areas. In general, the problems presented by the inter-viewed officials are thought to be temporary ones, which leads the overall expectation of the new no-smoking areas to be positive despite the uncertainties that surround them. (Less)
Popular Abstract (Swedish)
Skånes kommuner känner sig osäkra inför nya rökförbud

Intervjuer med tjänstemän från Skånes kommuner visar på att de känner sig osäkra inför implementeringen av rökfria miljöer som presenteras i den nya tobakslagen. Folkhälsomyndigheten har bara en månad innan lagen träder i kraft kommit ut med den information som kommunerna behöver. Flera kommuner riskerar därför att falla efter i tillsynen av lagen, vilket kan leda till att implementeringen av de rökfria miljöerna försenas eller misslyckas.
Den 1 juli träder Lagen om Tobak och Liknande Produkter i kraft, som medför att det ska bli rökförbud vid flera områden i samhället, bland annat uteserveringar, tågperronger och entréer. Efter att intervjuer har utförts med tjänstemän som... (More)
Skånes kommuner känner sig osäkra inför nya rökförbud

Intervjuer med tjänstemän från Skånes kommuner visar på att de känner sig osäkra inför implementeringen av rökfria miljöer som presenteras i den nya tobakslagen. Folkhälsomyndigheten har bara en månad innan lagen träder i kraft kommit ut med den information som kommunerna behöver. Flera kommuner riskerar därför att falla efter i tillsynen av lagen, vilket kan leda till att implementeringen av de rökfria miljöerna försenas eller misslyckas.
Den 1 juli träder Lagen om Tobak och Liknande Produkter i kraft, som medför att det ska bli rökförbud vid flera områden i samhället, bland annat uteserveringar, tågperronger och entréer. Efter att intervjuer har utförts med tjänstemän som representerar 19 av Skånes kommuner visar sig många av dessa känna sig osäkra för hur denna implementeringen ska gå till. Osäkerheterna ligger kring hur gränsdragningen av de rökfria miljöerna ska ske, då detta inte är tydligt definierat av lagen; hur tillsynen av lagen ska gå till rent praktiskt; och hur mycket resurser kommunerna ska behöva lägga på tillsynen. Redan i dagsläget har flera av Skånes kommuner haft problem med tillsynen av rökfria miljöer, till exempel på skolor, och Lagen om Tobak och Liknande Produkter ger kommunerna ansvar för mångfaldigt fler områden i samhället. I de pressade kommunerna känner sig därför tjänstemännen att de inte har tid eller resurser att kunna utföra tillsynen som den nya lagen kräver. Folkhälsomyndigheten kom sent i maj ut med information riktade till kommunerna och de verksamhetsutövare som blir ansvariga över de rökfria miljöerna, men denna informationen riskerar att komma för sent för att kommunerna ska kunna ta åt sig den inför den 1 juli.

Kommunerna är trots utmaningarna positiva till den nya lagen, då den förväntas leda till ett trevligare samhälle där de som inte vill utsättas för rök ska kunna använda samhällets funktioner utan att bli utsatt. Flera paralleller kan dras till rökförbudet inomhus på restauranger 2005, som idag väldigt få människor motsätter sig. Ytterligare kan man utifrån de utmaningar som visats inför implementeringen av de nya rökfria miljöerna dra lärdom inför framtida lagstiftning som påverkar samhället på ett så synligt sett. Förbättringar såsom entydig informationsutdelning till verksamhetsutövare, kommunerna och samhället; anpassade datum för lagens ikraftträdande; och större hänsynstagande till de oförväntade konsekvenserna av lagen är något som framtida lagstiftning kan dra nytta av. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Henriksson, Tobias LU
supervisor
organization
course
MVEM03 20191
year
type
H1 - Master's Degree (One Year)
subject
keywords
smoking ban, smoke-free, no-smoking, environment, law, tobacco, smoking, law implementation, municipality, interview, rökförbud, rökfritt, rökfria miljöer, tobakslagen, lag, lagen om tobak och liknande produkter, kommun, intervju, lag implementering
language
Swedish
id
8986137
date added to LUP
2019-07-04 14:13:48
date last changed
2019-07-04 14:13:48
@misc{8986137,
  abstract     = {{The Law of Tobacco and Similar Products becomes active on the 1st of July 2019 and brings with it new no-smoking areas, primarily in outdoor environments, which will demand municipal supervision. In this study, officials from Scania’s municipalities have been interviewed to investigate what their opinions, views and expected challenges with the implementation of these no-smoking areas are. It was of interest to find out which issues are expected to emerge during the implementation, how the supervision of the no-smoking areas is supposed to work, if there are other social interests that may be affected negatively due to the no-smoking areas, and which solutions have been intro-duced to solve these potential problems. .In total, 19 of Scania’s 33 municipalities are represented in 14 semi-structured qualitative interviews. Additionally, one official from the Regional Board of Blekinge was interviewed to investigate what role the regional boards carry in the implementation of the law, and to get a different perspective on the challenges and opinions presented by the municipal officials.

The results imply that there are faults in the information and guidance given to the municipalities by the Public Health Agency of Sweden about how the supervision of the law is supposed to work; what responsibility to inform the public the municipalities carry; as well as about certain unclear definitions in the law. One such unclear defini-tion concerns the demarcation of the no-smoking areas, which is not clearly defined by the law nor its proposition to the parliament. This leads multiple municipal officials to be unsure of how and when to apply the law. How the supervision of the law is supposed to work is at the moment not certain due to several officials having differing expectations of what will be required in the supervision. A strong possibility seems to be reactive supervision following complaints, and spreading information to the public and those responsible to maintain the no-smoking areas. The supervision of the no-smoking areas is also of risk of being prioritized down by several municipalities due to time and resource restraints, which is made worse by the fact that the law carries pre-viously mentioned unclarities which will be time consuming to be resolve. The munic-ipal officials overall could not identify any other social interests that could be affected negatively by the no-smoking areas. In general, the problems presented by the inter-viewed officials are thought to be temporary ones, which leads the overall expectation of the new no-smoking areas to be positive despite the uncertainties that surround them.}},
  author       = {{Henriksson, Tobias}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Granskning av kommunala utmaningar för implementeringen av nya rökfria miljöer}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}