We own this power! : How a rural community in Indonesia uphold energy justice to harness a hybrid solar-wind energy plant and unlock capabilities.
(2020) In Master Thesis Series in Environmental Studies and Sustainability Science MESM02 20201LUCSUS (Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies)
- Abstract
- Indonesia, as per their stance on the Paris Agreement and social development goals (SDG), has been on a winding journey to meet their renewable energy targets. In providing the national electricity, the state electricity company (PLN) is still deriving more than 70% of its energy sources from coal and oil As per 2018, only up to 8% of on-grid power is generated from renewable energy sources, and this percentage has decreased by half between 2010 and 2018. Conversely, while the nation succeeded in achieving a 98.2% electrification rate in 2017, the rest 1,8% implies that there are still more than five million people without access to electricity (World Bank, 2020). This dismissed population mostly lives in remote areas unreachable by the... (More)
- Indonesia, as per their stance on the Paris Agreement and social development goals (SDG), has been on a winding journey to meet their renewable energy targets. In providing the national electricity, the state electricity company (PLN) is still deriving more than 70% of its energy sources from coal and oil As per 2018, only up to 8% of on-grid power is generated from renewable energy sources, and this percentage has decreased by half between 2010 and 2018. Conversely, while the nation succeeded in achieving a 98.2% electrification rate in 2017, the rest 1,8% implies that there are still more than five million people without access to electricity (World Bank, 2020). This dismissed population mostly lives in remote areas unreachable by the national grid. Indonesia's geographical contour renders the task of providing on-grid electricity in rural and remote areas daunting; one of the guidelines for advancing the implementation of SDG 7 is particularly useful in its recommendation to optimise the possibility for decentralised renewable energy solutions.
Using qualitative method, I conducted a field research to investigate the background of PLTH Pantai Baru’s establishment—a renewable energy facility (REF)—in the Ngentak hamlet, Central Java, Indonesia, along with the relevant social processes that have happened in the community for almost a decade as the project beneficiary. Having shared control over PLTH planning with the project initiators from the early period, the community gained the ability to collectively arrange the utilisation of the PLTH according to community needs. This period has led the community to demonstrate recognition and procedural justice and has brought a fair distribution of benefits and responsibilities. Underpinned by the PLTH, tourism has become an effective alternative means of livelihood for the community, which has contributed to the establishment of capabilities. On the other hand, the PLTH has shaped the community members who run the facility into technical experts on their field. In Ngentak’s case, these combined findings on energy justice and capabilities prove that the REF has successfully integrated into the Ngentak community.
Furthermore, future research comparing multiple case studies on existing community renewable energy in Indonesia can give more insight into patterns and suitable guides to build a sustainable and integrated community-based REF. In broader view, such future research may establish guidance or sustainable pathways for the national transition to renewable energy. (Less) - Abstract (Uncoded languages)
- Indonesia, sebagaimana komitmennya terhadap Perjanjian Paris dan tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan (SDG), sedang menempuh perjalanan yang berliku untuk memenuhi target energi terbarukan mereka. Dalam menyediakan listrik nasional, perusahaan listrik negara (PLN) masih memperoleh lebih dari 70% sumber energinya dari batubara dan minyak. Per 2018, hanya hingga 8% daya jaringan listrik nasional yang dihasilkan dari sumber energi terbarukan, dan persentase ini telah menurun setengahnya antara tahun 2010 dan 2018. Di sisi lain, meskipun Indonesia telah berhasil mencapai tingkat elektrifikasi 98,2% pada tahun 2017, sisa 1,8% menyiratkan lebih dari lima juta orang tanpa akses ke listrik (Bank Dunia, 2020). Sisa populasi ini umumnya tinggal di... (More)
- Indonesia, sebagaimana komitmennya terhadap Perjanjian Paris dan tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan (SDG), sedang menempuh perjalanan yang berliku untuk memenuhi target energi terbarukan mereka. Dalam menyediakan listrik nasional, perusahaan listrik negara (PLN) masih memperoleh lebih dari 70% sumber energinya dari batubara dan minyak. Per 2018, hanya hingga 8% daya jaringan listrik nasional yang dihasilkan dari sumber energi terbarukan, dan persentase ini telah menurun setengahnya antara tahun 2010 dan 2018. Di sisi lain, meskipun Indonesia telah berhasil mencapai tingkat elektrifikasi 98,2% pada tahun 2017, sisa 1,8% menyiratkan lebih dari lima juta orang tanpa akses ke listrik (Bank Dunia, 2020). Sisa populasi ini umumnya tinggal di daerah terpencil yang tidak terjangkau oleh layanan jaringan nasional. Kontur geografis Indonesia membuat tugas penyediaan listrik on-grid di daerah pedesaan dan terpencil sulit untuk dilaksanakan. Oleh karenanya, salah satu pedoman untuk memajukan penerapan SDG 7 sangat berguna dalam rekomendasinya untuk mengoptimalkan kemungkinan solusi energi terbarukan yang terdesentralisasi.
Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, saya melakukan penelitian lapangan untuk menyelidiki latar belakang pendirian PLTH Pantai Baru—fasilitas energi terbarukan (REF)—di dusun Ngentak, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia, berikut dengan proses sosial terkait yang telah terjadi di masyarakat selama hampir satu dekade sebagai penerima manfaat proyek. Setelah berbagi kendali atas perencanaan PLTH dengan pemrakarsa proyek sejak periode awal, masyarakat memperoleh kemampuan untuk secara kolektif mengatur pemanfaatan PLTH sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat. Periode ini telah mengarahkan masyarakat untuk menunjukkan pengakuan dan keadilan prosedural dan telah membawa distribusi manfaat dan tanggung jawab yang adil. Didukung oleh PLTH, pariwisata telah menjadi sarana alternatif mata pencaharian yang efektif bagi masyarakat, yang telah berkontribusi pada pembentukan kemampuan. Di sisi lain, PLTH telah membentuk anggota masyarakat yang menjalankan fasilitas menjadi ahli teknis di bidangnya. Dalam kasus Ngentak, temuan gabungan ini tentang keadilan dan kemampuan energi membuktikan bahwa REF telah berhasil diintegrasikan kedalam komunitas Ngentak.
Lebih lanjut, penelitian di masa depan yang membandingkan berbagai studi kasus tentang energi terbarukan masyarakat yang ada di Indonesia dapat memberikan lebih banyak wawasan tentang pola dan panduan yang sesuai untuk membangun REF berbasis masyarakat yang berkelanjutan dan terintegrasi. Dalam pandangan yang lebih luas, penelitian masa depan tersebut dapat membangun pedoman atau jalur berkelanjutan untuk transisi nasional ke energi terbarukan. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9012446
- author
- Abdullah, Sarah Aon LU
- supervisor
-
- Mine Islar LU
- organization
- course
- MESM02 20201
- year
- 2020
- type
- H2 - Master's Degree (Two Years)
- subject
- keywords
- community energy, renewable energy, energy justice, capabilities approach, energy transition, sustainability science
- publication/series
- Master Thesis Series in Environmental Studies and Sustainability Science
- report number
- 2020:022
- language
- English
- id
- 9012446
- date added to LUP
- 2020-06-08 09:47:26
- date last changed
- 2020-06-08 09:47:26
@misc{9012446,
abstract = {{Indonesia, as per their stance on the Paris Agreement and social development goals (SDG), has been on a winding journey to meet their renewable energy targets. In providing the national electricity, the state electricity company (PLN) is still deriving more than 70% of its energy sources from coal and oil As per 2018, only up to 8% of on-grid power is generated from renewable energy sources, and this percentage has decreased by half between 2010 and 2018. Conversely, while the nation succeeded in achieving a 98.2% electrification rate in 2017, the rest 1,8% implies that there are still more than five million people without access to electricity (World Bank, 2020). This dismissed population mostly lives in remote areas unreachable by the national grid. Indonesia's geographical contour renders the task of providing on-grid electricity in rural and remote areas daunting; one of the guidelines for advancing the implementation of SDG 7 is particularly useful in its recommendation to optimise the possibility for decentralised renewable energy solutions.
Using qualitative method, I conducted a field research to investigate the background of PLTH Pantai Baru’s establishment—a renewable energy facility (REF)—in the Ngentak hamlet, Central Java, Indonesia, along with the relevant social processes that have happened in the community for almost a decade as the project beneficiary. Having shared control over PLTH planning with the project initiators from the early period, the community gained the ability to collectively arrange the utilisation of the PLTH according to community needs. This period has led the community to demonstrate recognition and procedural justice and has brought a fair distribution of benefits and responsibilities. Underpinned by the PLTH, tourism has become an effective alternative means of livelihood for the community, which has contributed to the establishment of capabilities. On the other hand, the PLTH has shaped the community members who run the facility into technical experts on their field. In Ngentak’s case, these combined findings on energy justice and capabilities prove that the REF has successfully integrated into the Ngentak community.
Furthermore, future research comparing multiple case studies on existing community renewable energy in Indonesia can give more insight into patterns and suitable guides to build a sustainable and integrated community-based REF. In broader view, such future research may establish guidance or sustainable pathways for the national transition to renewable energy.}},
author = {{Abdullah, Sarah Aon}},
language = {{eng}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
series = {{Master Thesis Series in Environmental Studies and Sustainability Science}},
title = {{We own this power! : How a rural community in Indonesia uphold energy justice to harness a hybrid solar-wind energy plant and unlock capabilities.}},
year = {{2020}},
}