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En växande gig-ekonomi inom traditionell arbetsrätt - vem ansvarar för vad?

Prokopic, Diana LU (2020) LAGF03 20202
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Uppsatsen ämnar att utreda, inom ramen av den svenska arbetsrätten och gig-ekonomin, vem det är som ansvarar för gig-arbetarna och deras arbetsmiljö. “Gig-ekonomin” eller även kallat “plattformsekonomin” är en arbetsform som växt fram ur digitaliseringen och har resulterat i nya sätt att organisera arbetet. Ofta beskrivs arbetet inom gig-ekonomin ur ett trepartsförhållande, där det finns en tillhandahållare av en plattform som sammankopplar tjänsteutövare och kunder med varandra. Uppsatsen fokuserar huvudsakligen på det plattformsbaserade företaget Taskrunner och egenanställningsföretaget Cool Company.

Arbetstagarbegreppet avgränsar arbetsrättens tillämpningsområde. Begreppet saknar en legaldefinition och har istället utvecklats i... (More)
Uppsatsen ämnar att utreda, inom ramen av den svenska arbetsrätten och gig-ekonomin, vem det är som ansvarar för gig-arbetarna och deras arbetsmiljö. “Gig-ekonomin” eller även kallat “plattformsekonomin” är en arbetsform som växt fram ur digitaliseringen och har resulterat i nya sätt att organisera arbetet. Ofta beskrivs arbetet inom gig-ekonomin ur ett trepartsförhållande, där det finns en tillhandahållare av en plattform som sammankopplar tjänsteutövare och kunder med varandra. Uppsatsen fokuserar huvudsakligen på det plattformsbaserade företaget Taskrunner och egenanställningsföretaget Cool Company.

Arbetstagarbegreppet avgränsar arbetsrättens tillämpningsområde. Begreppet saknar en legaldefinition och har istället utvecklats i förarbeten, praxis och doktrin. Dess tillämplighet avgörs genom en helhetsbedömning av samtliga omständigheter i det enskilda fallet. Som motpart till arbetstagaren står alltid arbetsgivaren, som omfattas bland annat av arbetsmiljöansvaret. Analysen kommer ta avstamp i de arbetsrättsliga bedömningsgrunderna för arbetstagarbegreppet och arbetsmiljöansvaret.

Uppsatsen resulterar i en diskussion kring bland annat arbetsmiljöansvaret och arbetstagarbegreppet inom gig-ekonomin. Bedömningen är att gig-arbetarna inom Taskrunner ska definieras som uppdragstagare. Vidare bedöms egenanställningsföretagen vara arbetsgivare men omfattas inte nödvändigtvis av arbetsmiljöansvaret, bland annat för att de inte har möjlighet att råda över de egenanställdas arbetsplatser. Både Cool Company och Taskrunner utför en del arbetsgivarfunktioner men kanske inte i en tillräcklig utsträckning för att ansvarsgrunder ska aktualiseras. Gig-arbetarna riskerar därför att hamna utanför den traditionella uppfattningen om vem som anses utgöra en arbetstagare och således sakna nödvändigt arbetsrättsligt skydd. (Less)
Abstract
In recent years the “gig-economy” has been established in the Swedish labor market and has grown exponentially in numbers ever since. Different forms of labor in the gig-economy include “crowd-work” and “work-on-demand via apps” under which the demand and supply of working activities is matched online or through mobile apps. Gig-work is often based on flexibility and provides a possible match of job opportunities for the user. Even though this way of working is undeniably growing day by day, the vast majority of workers in Sweden are still permanent full-time employees. Furthermore, it is hard to tell what the future holds in terms of work within the gig-economy, but at the moment, the development shows no signs of slowing down.

The... (More)
In recent years the “gig-economy” has been established in the Swedish labor market and has grown exponentially in numbers ever since. Different forms of labor in the gig-economy include “crowd-work” and “work-on-demand via apps” under which the demand and supply of working activities is matched online or through mobile apps. Gig-work is often based on flexibility and provides a possible match of job opportunities for the user. Even though this way of working is undeniably growing day by day, the vast majority of workers in Sweden are still permanent full-time employees. Furthermore, it is hard to tell what the future holds in terms of work within the gig-economy, but at the moment, the development shows no signs of slowing down.

The purpose of this essay is to examine who, within the framework of the gig-economy and Swedish Civil law, is responsible for the employer and his or her working environment. Because of the essay's limited scope it will mainly focus from the perspective of two Swedish platform-based companies called Taskrunner and Cool Company. In Swedish law there is no legal definition of the notion of employee and therefore, guidance can be found instead in legal preparatory work, case law and legal doctrine. As a general rule, an overall assessment of all circumstances in the individual case must be done, to be able to decide whether someone should be seen as an employee or not.

The essay results in a discussion about the difficulties in the inherited idea of who is seen as an employer or not within the gig-economy. As there is no clear perception of who is seen as the employer there is a risk of an employee being left without necessary labour law protection. It is still left upon the courts to individually decide whether someone is seen as an employer or not, but it is expected that in the near future there will arrive some indicative cases that hopefully will bring further clarity into the matter. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Prokopic, Diana LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20202
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Arbetsrätt
language
Swedish
id
9034515
date added to LUP
2021-02-09 11:41:13
date last changed
2021-02-09 11:41:13
@misc{9034515,
  abstract     = {{In recent years the “gig-economy” has been established in the Swedish labor market and has grown exponentially in numbers ever since. Different forms of labor in the gig-economy include “crowd-work” and “work-on-demand via apps” under which the demand and supply of working activities is matched online or through mobile apps. Gig-work is often based on flexibility and provides a possible match of job opportunities for the user. Even though this way of working is undeniably growing day by day, the vast majority of workers in Sweden are still permanent full-time employees. Furthermore, it is hard to tell what the future holds in terms of work within the gig-economy, but at the moment, the development shows no signs of slowing down.
 
The purpose of this essay is to examine who, within the framework of the gig-economy and Swedish Civil law, is responsible for the employer and his or her working environment. Because of the essay's limited scope it will mainly focus from the perspective of two Swedish platform-based companies called Taskrunner and Cool Company. In Swedish law there is no legal definition of the notion of employee and therefore, guidance can be found instead in legal preparatory work, case law and legal doctrine. As a general rule, an overall assessment of all circumstances in the individual case must be done, to be able to decide whether someone should be seen as an employee or not. 

The essay results in a discussion about the difficulties in the inherited idea of who is seen as an employer or not within the gig-economy. As there is no clear perception of who is seen as the employer there is a risk of an employee being left without necessary labour law protection. It is still left upon the courts to individually decide whether someone is seen as an employer or not, but it is expected that in the near future there will arrive some indicative cases that hopefully will bring further clarity into the matter.}},
  author       = {{Prokopic, Diana}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{En växande gig-ekonomi inom traditionell arbetsrätt - vem ansvarar för vad?}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}