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Straffbarhet för uppmaning till självmord i svensk rätt? En undersökning av lagförslaget i förhållande till straffrättsliga principer

Svensson, Maja LU (2020) LAGF03 20202
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
En utredning tillsattes år 2018 för att analysera om kriminalisering av uppmaning och annan psykisk påverkan till suicid skulle kriminaliseras i svensk rätt. Utredningen kom fram till ett lagförslag där ett sådant behov ansågs finnas på grund av beteendets karaktär och allvarliga konsekvens. I uppsatsen har de vedertagna straffrättsliga principerna tillämpats på de argument som förts fram i utredningen för att konkludera kriminaliseringens legitimitet.

Straffrättens karaktär föranleder att kriminaliseringsfrågor bör behandlas med försiktighet. Detta innebär att en rad kriminaliseringsprinciper bör beaktas för ett rättssäkert samhälle samt ett effektivt rättssystem. Framstående doktrin samt utredningar tyder på att tre kriterier -... (More)
En utredning tillsattes år 2018 för att analysera om kriminalisering av uppmaning och annan psykisk påverkan till suicid skulle kriminaliseras i svensk rätt. Utredningen kom fram till ett lagförslag där ett sådant behov ansågs finnas på grund av beteendets karaktär och allvarliga konsekvens. I uppsatsen har de vedertagna straffrättsliga principerna tillämpats på de argument som förts fram i utredningen för att konkludera kriminaliseringens legitimitet.

Straffrättens karaktär föranleder att kriminaliseringsfrågor bör behandlas med försiktighet. Detta innebär att en rad kriminaliseringsprinciper bör beaktas för ett rättssäkert samhälle samt ett effektivt rättssystem. Framstående doktrin samt utredningar tyder på att tre kriterier - intresse, skada samt effektivitet - är centrala frågor som bör föranleda fördjupade diskussioner angående kriminaliseringens legitimitet.

Det kan konstateras att en vag utformning av brottets innebörd föranleder förvirring hos såväl befolkning som rättsväsende. Det innebär också ett ifrågasättande om legalitetsprincipen kan anses uppfylld med tanke på dess förutsägbarhetsrekvisit. Förslagets val av skyddsvärt intresse ifrågasätts också eftersom det kan diskuteras om det egentligen skulle handla om en fråga om frid. Skadans distans från intresset, vilket skildras i ett skadeschema framtaget av Nils Jareborg, tyder på att en påtaglig effektivitet krävs för att skadekriteriet ska anses uppfyllt. Vidare kan konstateras att bevissvårigheter innebär svårbedömda utredningar som i sin tur resulterar i starkt påverkade resurser. Ett nyligen expanderat tillämpningsområde i fråga om ofredandebrottet skulle kunna innebära att nämnt beteende till stora delar redan finns kriminaliserat i svensk rätt. Denna fråga kommer vidare att behandlas i framtida praxis. (Less)
Abstract
An inquiry was appointed in 2018 with the purpose to analyze the criminalization principles in relation to the proposal to criminalize incitement and other psychological influence on another person committing suicide. The inquiry concluded that there is such a need due to the nature of the behavior and its serious consequences. In this essay the accepted criminal law principles have been applied to the arguments which has been submitted by the inquiry to conclude the legitimacy of the criminalization.

The nature of Criminal Law indicates that criminalization issues should be treated with caution. This is the reason why a number of criminalization principles should be taken into account to maintain a law certainty in societies and to... (More)
An inquiry was appointed in 2018 with the purpose to analyze the criminalization principles in relation to the proposal to criminalize incitement and other psychological influence on another person committing suicide. The inquiry concluded that there is such a need due to the nature of the behavior and its serious consequences. In this essay the accepted criminal law principles have been applied to the arguments which has been submitted by the inquiry to conclude the legitimacy of the criminalization.

The nature of Criminal Law indicates that criminalization issues should be treated with caution. This is the reason why a number of criminalization principles should be taken into account to maintain a law certainty in societies and to maintain an effective legal system. Prominent doctrines and investigations indicate that three criteria – interest, harm and efficiency – are important issues that should be discussed regarding the legitimacy of criminalization.

In summary, it can be stated that the vague definition of the meaning of the crime leads to confusion among both citizens and the legal system. It also means that it is questionable if the principle of legality can be fulfilled because of the requirement of predictability. The inquiry’s choice of interest is also discussed. The inquiry states that the right to life is the current interest, while it can be discussed if the current interest should be instead the right to inner peace. The distance between the harm and the interest, which is shown in the schedule of harm developed by Nils Jareborg, indicates that noticeable efficiency is a requirement for the criteria of harm to be fulfilled. Further, it can be stated that the evidentiary difficulties involve difficult investigations that results in strongly affected resources. A recently expanded extent in the case of the crime harassment could mean that the current behavior, to a large extent, can be included in an already existing crime. This question will be further addressed in future practice. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Svensson, Maja LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20202
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Straffrätt, Uppmaning till självmord, Kriminalisering
language
Swedish
id
9034660
date added to LUP
2021-02-09 11:09:13
date last changed
2021-02-09 11:09:13
@misc{9034660,
  abstract     = {{An inquiry was appointed in 2018 with the purpose to analyze the criminalization principles in relation to the proposal to criminalize incitement and other psychological influence on another person committing suicide. The inquiry concluded that there is such a need due to the nature of the behavior and its serious consequences. In this essay the accepted criminal law principles have been applied to the arguments which has been submitted by the inquiry to conclude the legitimacy of the criminalization. 

The nature of Criminal Law indicates that criminalization issues should be treated with caution. This is the reason why a number of criminalization principles should be taken into account to maintain a law certainty in societies and to maintain an effective legal system. Prominent doctrines and investigations indicate that three criteria – interest, harm and efficiency – are important issues that should be discussed regarding the legitimacy of criminalization. 

In summary, it can be stated that the vague definition of the meaning of the crime leads to confusion among both citizens and the legal system. It also means that it is questionable if the principle of legality can be fulfilled because of the requirement of predictability. The inquiry’s choice of interest is also discussed. The inquiry states that the right to life is the current interest, while it can be discussed if the current interest should be instead the right to inner peace. The distance between the harm and the interest, which is shown in the schedule of harm developed by Nils Jareborg, indicates that noticeable efficiency is a requirement for the criteria of harm to be fulfilled. Further, it can be stated that the evidentiary difficulties involve difficult investigations that results in strongly affected resources. A recently expanded extent in the case of the crime harassment could mean that the current behavior, to a large extent, can be included in an already existing crime. This question will be further addressed in future practice.}},
  author       = {{Svensson, Maja}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Straffbarhet för uppmaning till självmord i svensk rätt? En undersökning av lagförslaget i förhållande till straffrättsliga principer}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}