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Fuktbetingade rörelser och sprickbildning i fibercementskivor

Wadsö, Olof LU and Svenmyr, Eric LU (2021) In TVBH-5000 VBFM01 20211
Division of Building Physics
Abstract
Recently, various types of damages have been found on fibre cement boards mounted in facades which have been difficult to trace to a specific cause. The main damage that has occurred is cracking but other defects have also been found, such as bulging boards. These damages have in several cases been attributed to handling errors during assembly, but moisture and temperature-related movements are also believed to be a contributing factor. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate and map out what factors that may lead to a potential damage. Based on these factors, concrete proposals can be made for measures that can be taken to avoid injuries. This will hopefully help to reduce the number of damages and increase the service life of the... (More)
Recently, various types of damages have been found on fibre cement boards mounted in facades which have been difficult to trace to a specific cause. The main damage that has occurred is cracking but other defects have also been found, such as bulging boards. These damages have in several cases been attributed to handling errors during assembly, but moisture and temperature-related movements are also believed to be a contributing factor. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate and map out what factors that may lead to a potential damage. Based on these factors, concrete proposals can be made for measures that can be taken to avoid injuries. This will hopefully help to reduce the number of damages and increase the service life of the boards, resulting in fewer unnecessary costs.

Based on the purpose and objectives of the study, a literature study has been conducted to obtain better knowledge about the subject. By interviewing suppliers and contractors, factors have been compiled to be able to identify potential causes of damage. The results from the interviews show that suppliers and contractors share the same opinion on several problems linked to fibre cement boards, but that there are different opinions about the origin of the problems. In addition to collecting data from interviews, moisture simulations have been performed for a typical exterior wall construction. The simulations carried out show that the boards can be subjected to tensile stresses if they are mounted damp or if they are mounted with too small tolerances.

The conclusion that can be drawn from the simulations is that the moisture-related movements that occur, under normal conditions for correctly mounted fiber cement boards, are not of the magnitude that cracking will occur. Assuming that the boards are mounted incorrectly, there are a couple of factors that were identified in the study that can contribute to cracking. There is a tendency for the boards attachments to be placed with a smaller distance to the edge than is prescribed. Further, the centering of the attachments should be carefully considered so that the movement of the discs is not prevented. This is because the movement tolerance of the discs partially or completely disappears if the attachment is not mounted centric. How the disc is mounted is prescribed in the mounting instructions and it can be perceived as complicated. This indicates that the instructions can be clearer and simpler to minimize the risk of handling errors. An increased feedback of experience and extended testing of the facade system could lead to greater knowledge about the damage that has occurred. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
På senare tid har det påträffats olika typer av skador på fibercementskivor monterade i fasader som har varit svåra att härleda till en specifik orsak. Den främsta skadan som uppkommit är sprickbildning men det har även påträffats andra defekter så som utbuktande skivor. Dessa skador har i flera fall härletts till handhavandefel vid montage men fukt-och temperaturbetingade rörelser tros även vara en bidragande faktor. Det är således av intresse att undersöka och kartlägga vilka faktorer som kan ligga till grund för en eventuell skada. Utifrån dessa faktorer kan konkreta förslag ges på åtgärder som kan vidtas för att undvika skador. Detta kommer förhoppningsvis bidra till att färre skador uppstår och att skivornas livslängd ökar, vilket... (More)
På senare tid har det påträffats olika typer av skador på fibercementskivor monterade i fasader som har varit svåra att härleda till en specifik orsak. Den främsta skadan som uppkommit är sprickbildning men det har även påträffats andra defekter så som utbuktande skivor. Dessa skador har i flera fall härletts till handhavandefel vid montage men fukt-och temperaturbetingade rörelser tros även vara en bidragande faktor. Det är således av intresse att undersöka och kartlägga vilka faktorer som kan ligga till grund för en eventuell skada. Utifrån dessa faktorer kan konkreta förslag ges på åtgärder som kan vidtas för att undvika skador. Detta kommer förhoppningsvis bidra till att färre skador uppstår och att skivornas livslängd ökar, vilket resulterar i färre onödiga kostnader.

Utifrån examensarbetets syfte och målsättning har en litteraturstudie genomförts för att erhålla bättre kunskap kring ämnet. Genom att intervjua leverantörer och entreprenörer har faktorer sammanställts för att kunna identifiera potentiella orsaker till skador. Intervjusvaren visar att leverantörer och entreprenörer delar uppfattning om att det finns antal problem kopplade till fibercementskivor, men att det råder delade meningar kring uppkomsten av problemen. Baserat på insamlade data från intervjuer har fukt-simuleringar utförts för en typisk ytterväggskonstruktion. De simuleringar som genomförts visar att skivorna kan utsättas för dragspänningar om de monteras fuktiga eller om de monteras med för små toleranser.

Slutsatsen som kan dras utifrån simuleringarna är att de fuktbetingade rörelser som uppstår, under normala förhållanden för korrekt monterade fibercementskivor, ej är av den storleken att sprickbildning borde uppstå. Förutsatt att skivorna monterats felaktigt finns det dock ett par faktorer som identifierades i arbetet som kan bidra till sprickbildning. Det finns en tendens till att skivornas infästningar placeras med ett för litet kantavstånd än vad som föreskrivs. Vidare så bör infästningarnas centrering beaktas noga för att skivornas rörelse inte skall förhindras. Detta på grund av att skivornas rörelsetolerans delvis eller helt försvinner om infästningens placering inte blir centrisk. Hur skivan monteras föreskrivs i monteringsanvisningarna och kan uppfattas som komplicerad. Det tyder på att monteringsanvisningarna kan bli tydligare och enklare för att minimera risken för handhavandefel. En ökad erfarenhetsåterföring och utökad testning av fasadsystemet skulle kunna leda till större kunskap kring uppkomna skador. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Wadsö, Olof LU and Svenmyr, Eric LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Utredning av skador på fasadskivor
course
VBFM01 20211
year
type
H2 - Master's Degree (Two Years)
subject
keywords
fasadskiva, fibercementskiva, sprickbildning, fuktrörelser, fukthalt, välvning
publication/series
TVBH-5000
report number
TVBH-5114
other publication id
ISRN LUTVDG/TVBH—21/5114—SE(82)
language
Swedish
additional info
Examinator: Petter Wallentén
id
9061658
date added to LUP
2021-08-06 11:48:50
date last changed
2021-08-06 11:48:50
@misc{9061658,
  abstract     = {{Recently, various types of damages have been found on fibre cement boards mounted in facades which have been difficult to trace to a specific cause. The main damage that has occurred is cracking but other defects have also been found, such as bulging boards. These damages have in several cases been attributed to handling errors during assembly, but moisture and temperature-related movements are also believed to be a contributing factor. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate and map out what factors that may lead to a potential damage. Based on these factors, concrete proposals can be made for measures that can be taken to avoid injuries. This will hopefully help to reduce the number of damages and increase the service life of the boards, resulting in fewer unnecessary costs.

Based on the purpose and objectives of the study, a literature study has been conducted to obtain better knowledge about the subject. By interviewing suppliers and contractors, factors have been compiled to be able to identify potential causes of damage. The results from the interviews show that suppliers and contractors share the same opinion on several problems linked to fibre cement boards, but that there are different opinions about the origin of the problems. In addition to collecting data from interviews, moisture simulations have been performed for a typical exterior wall construction. The simulations carried out show that the boards can be subjected to tensile stresses if they are mounted damp or if they are mounted with too small tolerances.

The conclusion that can be drawn from the simulations is that the moisture-related movements that occur, under normal conditions for correctly mounted fiber cement boards, are not of the magnitude that cracking will occur. Assuming that the boards are mounted incorrectly, there are a couple of factors that were identified in the study that can contribute to cracking. There is a tendency for the boards attachments to be placed with a smaller distance to the edge than is prescribed. Further, the centering of the attachments should be carefully considered so that the movement of the discs is not prevented. This is because the movement tolerance of the discs partially or completely disappears if the attachment is not mounted centric. How the disc is mounted is prescribed in the mounting instructions and it can be perceived as complicated. This indicates that the instructions can be clearer and simpler to minimize the risk of handling errors. An increased feedback of experience and extended testing of the facade system could lead to greater knowledge about the damage that has occurred.}},
  author       = {{Wadsö, Olof and Svenmyr, Eric}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  series       = {{TVBH-5000}},
  title        = {{Fuktbetingade rörelser och sprickbildning i fibercementskivor}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}