Tvångslikvidation av privata aktiebolag vid kapitalbrist - ett adekvat borgenärsskydd?
(2021) JURM02 20212Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Uppsatsen syftar till att kritiskt granska reglerna om tvångslikvidation vid kapitalbrist som återfinns i 25. kap 13-20a §§ ABL för att utröna om regleringen utgör ett effektivt och adekvat skydd för bolagets borgenärer. Utredningen består i huvudsak av en granskning av vad tvångslikvidation vid kapitalbrist innebär, den handlingsprocedur som följer av kapitalbristreglerna, samt de rättsverkningar som är förknippade med en sådan procedur. Vidare innefattar utredningen en närmare granskning av det personliga betalningsansvar, s.k. medansvar, som kan komma att drabba bolagets företrädare vid underlåtenhet att följa kapitalbristreglerna. För att skapa en djupare förståelse för kapitalbristreglerna omfattar utredningen även en övergripande... (More)
- Uppsatsen syftar till att kritiskt granska reglerna om tvångslikvidation vid kapitalbrist som återfinns i 25. kap 13-20a §§ ABL för att utröna om regleringen utgör ett effektivt och adekvat skydd för bolagets borgenärer. Utredningen består i huvudsak av en granskning av vad tvångslikvidation vid kapitalbrist innebär, den handlingsprocedur som följer av kapitalbristreglerna, samt de rättsverkningar som är förknippade med en sådan procedur. Vidare innefattar utredningen en närmare granskning av det personliga betalningsansvar, s.k. medansvar, som kan komma att drabba bolagets företrädare vid underlåtenhet att följa kapitalbristreglerna. För att skapa en djupare förståelse för kapitalbristreglerna omfattar utredningen även en övergripande beskrivning av vad som avses med aktiekapital samt hur kravet på aktiekapital och kapitalbristreglerna samverkar.
Kapitalbristreglerna föreskriver i korthet att ett aktiebolag kan tvingas gå i likvidation om bolagets eget kapital understiger hälften av det registrerade aktiekapitalet, förutsatt att aktieägarna inom en angiven tidsperiod inte lyckats läka kapitalbristen. Syftet med regleringen är att skydda bolagets borgenärer ge-nom att sätta en gräns för hur länge en förlustbringande verksamhet får bedrivas innan aktieägarna antingen tvingas avveckla verksamheten eller vidta åtgärder för att förbättra bolagets ekonomiska ställning. På detta sätt antas regleringen även skydda borgenärerna mot att bolaget ådrar sig ytterligare skulder eller försätts i konkurs.
Den övergripande slutsatsen av analysen talar emellertid starkt för att reglerna om tvångslikvidation vid kapitalbrist inte kan tillförsäkra borgenärerna ett effektivt och adekvat borgenärsskydd. Detta beror dels på ett omfattande antal regeltekniska brister med kapitalbristregleringen, dels övergripande brister relaterade till regleringens komplexa struktur. Ett exempel på en betydande brist är att kapitalbristregleringen inte lämpar sig för att identifiera och avveckla förlustbringande verksamheter. Inte heller kan regleringen skydda och bevara en adekvat kapitalbas i bolaget för att betala bolagets presumtiva skulder. Därtill riskerar kapitalbristregleringen och den handlingsprocedur som följer därav att ådra bolaget mer skulder än det finns kapital i bolaget, vilket underminerar borgenärsskyddet. Det sammantagna talar för att kapitalbristregleringen är så pass bristfällig att den bör avskaffas. (Less) - Abstract
- This thesis examines the regulation on involuntary liquidation due to capital deficiency in Chapter 25, Sections 13-20a of the Swedish Companies Act (Sw. Aktiebolagslagen (2005:551)). The purpose of the thesis is to determine whether the regulation constitutes an effective and adequate protection for the company's creditors. The thesis consists of an examination of what involuntary liquidation due to capital deficiency entails, the procedure that follows from the capital deficiency regulation and the legal effects associated with such procedure. Furthermore, the investigation also includes a detailed examination of the personal payment responsibility, which may be imposed on the company's representatives if they fail to comply with the... (More)
- This thesis examines the regulation on involuntary liquidation due to capital deficiency in Chapter 25, Sections 13-20a of the Swedish Companies Act (Sw. Aktiebolagslagen (2005:551)). The purpose of the thesis is to determine whether the regulation constitutes an effective and adequate protection for the company's creditors. The thesis consists of an examination of what involuntary liquidation due to capital deficiency entails, the procedure that follows from the capital deficiency regulation and the legal effects associated with such procedure. Furthermore, the investigation also includes a detailed examination of the personal payment responsibility, which may be imposed on the company's representatives if they fail to comply with the regulation. To create a deeper understanding of the capital deficiency regulation, the thesis also includes a brief assessment of what is meant by share capital and how the requirement for share capital and the capital deficiency regulation interact.
The capital deficiency regulation stipulates that a limited liability company can be forced into liquidation if the company’s shareholders' equity is less than one-half of the registered share capital, provided that the shareholders have not succeeded in restoring the capital deficiency within a specific timeframe. The purpose of the regulation is to protect the company's creditors by setting a limit on how long a loss-making business may be conducted before the shareholders are either forced to wind up the business or take measures to improve the company's financial position. By setting this limit, the regulation is also assumed to protect the creditors against the company incurring additional debts or being declared bankrupt.
The overall conclusion of the analysis strongly, however, suggests that the rules on involuntary liquidation due to capital deficiency cannot ensure the creditors an effective and adequate creditor protection. This is partly due to an extensive number of shortcomings in the capital deficiency regulation, and partly to general shortcomings related to the complex structure of the regulation. An example of a significant shortcoming is that the capital deficiency regulation is not suitable for identifying and winding up loss-making companies. Nor can the regulation protect and maintain an adequate capital base in the company to pay the company's presumptive debts. In addition, the capital deficiency regulation risks to incur more debts for the company than there is capital in the company, which undermines the creditor protection. In conclusion, the regulation is so deficient that it should be abolished. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9069491
- author
- Ström Brax, Elvira LU
- supervisor
- organization
- alternative title
- Involuntary liquidation of limited liability companies due to capital deficiency - an adequate protection for the company's creditors?
- course
- JURM02 20212
- year
- 2021
- type
- H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
- subject
- keywords
- Rättsvetenskap, förmögenhetsrätt, företagsekonomi, aktiebolagsrätt, likvidation, tvångslikvidation vid kapitalbrist, involuntary liquidation due to capital deficiency, aktiebolag, privata aktiebolag, aktiekapital, kapitalbrist, tvångslikvidation, kapitalskydd, borgenärsskydd, eget kapital, bundet kapital, kritisk kapitalbrist, capital deficiency, involuntary liquidation, shareholders’ equity, limited liability company, registered share capital, share capital
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9069491
- date added to LUP
- 2022-01-26 00:16:36
- date last changed
- 2022-01-26 00:16:36
@misc{9069491,
abstract = {{This thesis examines the regulation on involuntary liquidation due to capital deficiency in Chapter 25, Sections 13-20a of the Swedish Companies Act (Sw. Aktiebolagslagen (2005:551)). The purpose of the thesis is to determine whether the regulation constitutes an effective and adequate protection for the company's creditors. The thesis consists of an examination of what involuntary liquidation due to capital deficiency entails, the procedure that follows from the capital deficiency regulation and the legal effects associated with such procedure. Furthermore, the investigation also includes a detailed examination of the personal payment responsibility, which may be imposed on the company's representatives if they fail to comply with the regulation. To create a deeper understanding of the capital deficiency regulation, the thesis also includes a brief assessment of what is meant by share capital and how the requirement for share capital and the capital deficiency regulation interact.
The capital deficiency regulation stipulates that a limited liability company can be forced into liquidation if the company’s shareholders' equity is less than one-half of the registered share capital, provided that the shareholders have not succeeded in restoring the capital deficiency within a specific timeframe. The purpose of the regulation is to protect the company's creditors by setting a limit on how long a loss-making business may be conducted before the shareholders are either forced to wind up the business or take measures to improve the company's financial position. By setting this limit, the regulation is also assumed to protect the creditors against the company incurring additional debts or being declared bankrupt.
The overall conclusion of the analysis strongly, however, suggests that the rules on involuntary liquidation due to capital deficiency cannot ensure the creditors an effective and adequate creditor protection. This is partly due to an extensive number of shortcomings in the capital deficiency regulation, and partly to general shortcomings related to the complex structure of the regulation. An example of a significant shortcoming is that the capital deficiency regulation is not suitable for identifying and winding up loss-making companies. Nor can the regulation protect and maintain an adequate capital base in the company to pay the company's presumptive debts. In addition, the capital deficiency regulation risks to incur more debts for the company than there is capital in the company, which undermines the creditor protection. In conclusion, the regulation is so deficient that it should be abolished.}},
author = {{Ström Brax, Elvira}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Tvångslikvidation av privata aktiebolag vid kapitalbrist - ett adekvat borgenärsskydd?}},
year = {{2021}},
}