Mötesfriheten under covid-19 pandemin - En undersökning om restriktionerna inneburit en kränkning av Europakonventionen
(2022) JURM02 20221Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Covid-19 pandemin har inneburit stora utmaningar för samtliga samhällsaktörer. För enskilda individer och grupper har pandemin i många avseende inneburit stora utmaningar socialt då social distansering har förespråkats, vilket i många fall har lett till en ökad känsla av ensamhet. För staterna har den stora utmaningen varit att försöka minska smittspridningen och antalet dödsfall samtidigt som andra grundläggande mänskliga rättigheter skulle respekteras. De implementerade restriktionerna har inneburit inskränkningar i bland annat mötesfriheten. Mötesfriheten är en fundamental rättighet i ett demokratiskt samhälle och det finns därför ett intresse av att undersöka huruvida denna mänskliga rättighet har respekterats i pandemihanteringen.... (More)
- Covid-19 pandemin har inneburit stora utmaningar för samtliga samhällsaktörer. För enskilda individer och grupper har pandemin i många avseende inneburit stora utmaningar socialt då social distansering har förespråkats, vilket i många fall har lett till en ökad känsla av ensamhet. För staterna har den stora utmaningen varit att försöka minska smittspridningen och antalet dödsfall samtidigt som andra grundläggande mänskliga rättigheter skulle respekteras. De implementerade restriktionerna har inneburit inskränkningar i bland annat mötesfriheten. Mötesfriheten är en fundamental rättighet i ett demokratiskt samhälle och det finns därför ett intresse av att undersöka huruvida denna mänskliga rättighet har respekterats i pandemihanteringen. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka huruvida de svenska restriktionerna, som vidtagits till följd av covid-19 pandemin, har inneburit en kränkning av mötesfriheten i artikel 11 Europakonventionen.
Uppsatsens syfte nödvändiggör vetskap om covid-19 virusets egenskaper och de vidtagna restriktionernas inverkan på mötesfriheten. Syftet kräver vidare kunskap om innehållet i gällande rätt avseende vilket tillämpningsområde mötesfriheten i artikel 11 Europakonventionen har, vilka krav som ställs på staten och under vilka förutsättningar som det är tillåtet att vidta inskränkningar i mötesfriheten. Vidare kräver syftet också vetskap om innehållet i gällande rätt avseende hur motsättningar mellan olika rättigheter hanteras enligt Europakonventionen. För besvarande av syftet och frågeställningarna används rättskällorna lagtext, rättspraxis, lagförarbeten och doktrin. I de fall då rättskällorna har varit otillräckliga har visst material som ligger utanför den rättsdogmatiska metoden använts.
Uppsatsens slutsats är att restriktionerna som har inneburit en deltagarbegränsning på åtta personer vid allmänna sammankomster och offentliga tillställningar, vars varaktighet varit ungefär fem och en halv månader, tillsammans med upplösningen av demonstrationerna som ägde rum i mars 2021 har inneburit en oproportionerlig inskränkning i mötesfriheten. Det ska dock framhållas att slutsatsen inte ska ses som en absolut säkerhet att den svenska staten har kränkt mötesfriheten i artikel 11 i Europakonventionen. Anledningen till det här är för att Europadomstolens praxis saknar kontinuitet och tydlighet i hur proportionalitetsbedömningen ska göras samt att Europadomstolen, med hänvisning till den nationella margin of appreciation, hade kunnat ge den svenska staten mer utrymme för egen tolkning av Europakonventionen jämfört med var jag har gjort i min analys. (Less) - Abstract
- The Covid-19 pandemic has posed major challenges for every part of society. For individuals and groups of individuals, the pandemic has in many aspects entailed great challenges in a social matter as social distancing has been advocated. This has in many cases led to an increased feeling of loneliness. The big challenge for the states has been to try to reduce the spread of the virus and the number of deaths while respecting other fundamental human rights at the same time. The implemented restrictions have entailed restrictions on, among other rights, the right to freedom of assembly. Freedom of assembly is a fundamental right in a democratic society and therefore there is an interest in examining whether this human right has been... (More)
- The Covid-19 pandemic has posed major challenges for every part of society. For individuals and groups of individuals, the pandemic has in many aspects entailed great challenges in a social matter as social distancing has been advocated. This has in many cases led to an increased feeling of loneliness. The big challenge for the states has been to try to reduce the spread of the virus and the number of deaths while respecting other fundamental human rights at the same time. The implemented restrictions have entailed restrictions on, among other rights, the right to freedom of assembly. Freedom of assembly is a fundamental right in a democratic society and therefore there is an interest in examining whether this human right has been respected in the management of the pandemic. The purpose of the thesis is to examine whether the Swedish restrictions, which were taken as a result of the covid-19 pandemic, have entailed a violation of the freedom of assembly in article 11 of the European Convention.
The purpose of the thesis necessitates knowledge of the features of the covid-19 virus and the impact of the restrictions imposed on freedom of assembly. The purpose also requires knowledge of the content of applicable law regarding the scope of the freedom of assembly according to article 11 of the European Convention, the requirements imposed on the state and under which conditions restrictions on the freedom of assembly are permitted. Furthermore, the purpose also requires knowledge of the content of applicable law regarding how conflicts between different rights are handled according to the European Convention. To answer the purpose and questions the legal sources are used, in essence the law, case law, preparatory work and doctrine. In those cases where the sources of law have been insufficient, certain sources outside the legal dogmatic method has been used.
The conclusion of the thesis is that the restrictions that have entailed a participation restriction of eight people at public gatherings and public events, which lasted about five and a half months, together with the dissolution of the demonstrations that took place in March of 2021, has been a disproportionate restriction to the freedom of assembly. However, it should be emphasized that the conclusion should not be seen as an absolute guarantee that the Swedish state has violated the right to freedom of assembly in article 11 of the European Convention. The reason for this is that the case law of the European Court of Human Rights lacks continuity and clarity in how the proportionality assessment should be made and that the court, with reference to the national margin of appreciation, could have given the Swedish state more room for own interpretation of the European Convention compared to what I have done in my analysis. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9080442
- author
- Bringsén, Robin LU
- supervisor
- organization
- alternative title
- The freedom of assembly during the covid-19 pandemic - An inquiry if the restrictions has led to a violation of the European Convention
- course
- JURM02 20221
- year
- 2022
- type
- H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
- subject
- keywords
- folkrätt, covid-19, europakonventionen, mötesfrihet, demonstrationsfrihet
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9080442
- date added to LUP
- 2022-06-13 10:19:42
- date last changed
- 2022-06-13 10:19:42
@misc{9080442,
abstract = {{The Covid-19 pandemic has posed major challenges for every part of society. For individuals and groups of individuals, the pandemic has in many aspects entailed great challenges in a social matter as social distancing has been advocated. This has in many cases led to an increased feeling of loneliness. The big challenge for the states has been to try to reduce the spread of the virus and the number of deaths while respecting other fundamental human rights at the same time. The implemented restrictions have entailed restrictions on, among other rights, the right to freedom of assembly. Freedom of assembly is a fundamental right in a democratic society and therefore there is an interest in examining whether this human right has been respected in the management of the pandemic. The purpose of the thesis is to examine whether the Swedish restrictions, which were taken as a result of the covid-19 pandemic, have entailed a violation of the freedom of assembly in article 11 of the European Convention.
The purpose of the thesis necessitates knowledge of the features of the covid-19 virus and the impact of the restrictions imposed on freedom of assembly. The purpose also requires knowledge of the content of applicable law regarding the scope of the freedom of assembly according to article 11 of the European Convention, the requirements imposed on the state and under which conditions restrictions on the freedom of assembly are permitted. Furthermore, the purpose also requires knowledge of the content of applicable law regarding how conflicts between different rights are handled according to the European Convention. To answer the purpose and questions the legal sources are used, in essence the law, case law, preparatory work and doctrine. In those cases where the sources of law have been insufficient, certain sources outside the legal dogmatic method has been used.
The conclusion of the thesis is that the restrictions that have entailed a participation restriction of eight people at public gatherings and public events, which lasted about five and a half months, together with the dissolution of the demonstrations that took place in March of 2021, has been a disproportionate restriction to the freedom of assembly. However, it should be emphasized that the conclusion should not be seen as an absolute guarantee that the Swedish state has violated the right to freedom of assembly in article 11 of the European Convention. The reason for this is that the case law of the European Court of Human Rights lacks continuity and clarity in how the proportionality assessment should be made and that the court, with reference to the national margin of appreciation, could have given the Swedish state more room for own interpretation of the European Convention compared to what I have done in my analysis.}},
author = {{Bringsén, Robin}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Mötesfriheten under covid-19 pandemin - En undersökning om restriktionerna inneburit en kränkning av Europakonventionen}},
year = {{2022}},
}