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Lojalitetsplikten - En förändrad princip på köprättens område?

Vahman, Elias LU (2022) LAGF03 20221
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Lojalitetsplikten har haft en betydelsefull roll sedan antiken. I svensk
köprätt har lojalitetsplikten de senaste decennierna fått större
uppmärksamhet. Syftet med denna rättsvetenskapliga uppsatts har varit att
undersöka och redogöra för hur lojalitetsplikten har förändrats efter
rättsfallet NJA 2021 s. 943 och hur lojalitetsplikten kan komma att påverka
köpeavtal i framtiden. Uppsatsen har utgått från en rättsdogmatisk metod för
att besvara frågeställningarna om hur lojalitetspliktens innehåll, omfattning,
normativa värde och funktion har förändrats i svensk köprätt samt hur detta
förhåller sig till den kontraktuella relationsteorin. Undersökningen inleds
(avsnitt 2) med att diskutera allmänna principer och vad som särskiljer
... (More)
Lojalitetsplikten har haft en betydelsefull roll sedan antiken. I svensk
köprätt har lojalitetsplikten de senaste decennierna fått större
uppmärksamhet. Syftet med denna rättsvetenskapliga uppsatts har varit att
undersöka och redogöra för hur lojalitetsplikten har förändrats efter
rättsfallet NJA 2021 s. 943 och hur lojalitetsplikten kan komma att påverka
köpeavtal i framtiden. Uppsatsen har utgått från en rättsdogmatisk metod för
att besvara frågeställningarna om hur lojalitetspliktens innehåll, omfattning,
normativa värde och funktion har förändrats i svensk köprätt samt hur detta
förhåller sig till den kontraktuella relationsteorin. Undersökningen inleds
(avsnitt 2) med att diskutera allmänna principer och vad som särskiljer
principer från rättsregler. Därefter redogörs för (avsnitt 3) lojalitetsplikten
som i allmänhet beskrivs innebära att en part med omsorg ska tillvarata
motpartens intressen. Lojalitetspliktens omfattning och innehåll är oklar.
Vidare berörs lojalitetsplikten i ett köprättsligt sammanhang där det
konstateras att lojalitetshänsyn framkommit i lagförarbeten och praxis på
köprättens område. Uppsatsen fortsätter (avsnitt 4) med en redogörelse av
rättsfallet NJA 2021 s. 943 där HD för första gången berör lojalitetspliktens
omfattning och innehåll vid en aktieöverlåtelse. Detta utmynnar slutligen i
(avsnitt 5) en analys och slutsatser där uppsatsens frågeställningar besvaras.
Det konstateras att lojalitetspliktens omfattning och innehåll förtydligas på
köprättens område. Vidare förstärks lojalitetspliktens ställning som allmän
princip, dock råder det fortsatt oklarhet om lojalitetsplikten kommer till
uttryck genom utfyllning eller tolkning. Lojalitetspliktens framträdande roll
innebär att köpeavtalet numera närmar sig avtal som vänskap. En förstärkt
lojalitetsplikt medför ökad risk för att köpeavtal i framtiden utfylls eller
tolkas av domstolar med godtyckliga moraliska föreställningar. Beaktandet
av andra grundläggande avtalsrättsliga principer blir nödvändigt för att
upprätthålla balans i kontraktuella relationer. (Less)
Abstract
The duty of good faith has had great importance since ancient times. In
Swedish law good faith has been given more attention in the last decades.
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate and describe how good faith has
changed after the case NJA 2021 s. 943 and how good faith may affect sale
and purchase agreements in the future. The thesis has been based on a legal
dogmatic method to answer the thesis-questions of how the content, scope,
normative value and function of good faith has changed in Swedish law in
regards to sale and purchase agreements and how this relates to the
Relational Theory of Contract. The investigation begins with (section 2) a
description of common legal principles and how they differentiate from
legal... (More)
The duty of good faith has had great importance since ancient times. In
Swedish law good faith has been given more attention in the last decades.
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate and describe how good faith has
changed after the case NJA 2021 s. 943 and how good faith may affect sale
and purchase agreements in the future. The thesis has been based on a legal
dogmatic method to answer the thesis-questions of how the content, scope,
normative value and function of good faith has changed in Swedish law in
regards to sale and purchase agreements and how this relates to the
Relational Theory of Contract. The investigation begins with (section 2) a
description of common legal principles and how they differentiate from
legal rules. Thereafter (section 3), duty of good faith is discussed. Good
faith is generally described as consisting of a duty for a party to with care
act for the other party’s benefit. The content and scope of good faith is
unclear. Furthermore, good faith in sale and purchase agreements has been
given an established role in legislative history of acts and case law. The
thesis continues (section 4) with a thorough description of the case NJA
2021 s. 943 in which the Swedish Supreme Court for the first time describes
good faith in the context of a stock transaction. This accumulates in (section
5) analysis and conclusions were the thesis-questions are answered. The
thesis concludes that the content and scope of good faith has been clarified
regarding the law of sales and purchase agreements. Good faith is
strengthened as a common legal principle but is it still uncertain if good
faith is express through completion or interpretation of contracts. Good
faiths prominent role means that sale and purchase agreements relate more
closely to the theory of contracts as friendship. A strengthened duty of good
faith increases the risk of contracts being completed or interpreted by courts
with discretion based on moral conceptions. Therefore, other common legal
principles must be considered to uphold a balance in contractual relations. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Vahman, Elias LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20221
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Avtalsrätt, Förmögenhetsrätt, Lojalitetsplikt, Lojalitetsprincip, Köprätt, Lojalitetsförpliktelser, Omsättningsmålet
language
Swedish
id
9080454
date added to LUP
2022-06-28 11:23:40
date last changed
2022-06-28 11:23:40
@misc{9080454,
  abstract     = {{The duty of good faith has had great importance since ancient times. In
Swedish law good faith has been given more attention in the last decades.
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate and describe how good faith has
changed after the case NJA 2021 s. 943 and how good faith may affect sale
and purchase agreements in the future. The thesis has been based on a legal
dogmatic method to answer the thesis-questions of how the content, scope,
normative value and function of good faith has changed in Swedish law in
regards to sale and purchase agreements and how this relates to the
Relational Theory of Contract. The investigation begins with (section 2) a
description of common legal principles and how they differentiate from
legal rules. Thereafter (section 3), duty of good faith is discussed. Good
faith is generally described as consisting of a duty for a party to with care
act for the other party’s benefit. The content and scope of good faith is
unclear. Furthermore, good faith in sale and purchase agreements has been
given an established role in legislative history of acts and case law. The
thesis continues (section 4) with a thorough description of the case NJA
2021 s. 943 in which the Swedish Supreme Court for the first time describes
good faith in the context of a stock transaction. This accumulates in (section
5) analysis and conclusions were the thesis-questions are answered. The
thesis concludes that the content and scope of good faith has been clarified
regarding the law of sales and purchase agreements. Good faith is
strengthened as a common legal principle but is it still uncertain if good
faith is express through completion or interpretation of contracts. Good
faiths prominent role means that sale and purchase agreements relate more
closely to the theory of contracts as friendship. A strengthened duty of good
faith increases the risk of contracts being completed or interpreted by courts
with discretion based on moral conceptions. Therefore, other common legal
principles must be considered to uphold a balance in contractual relations.}},
  author       = {{Vahman, Elias}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Lojalitetsplikten - En förändrad princip på köprättens område?}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}