Molecular Characterization of High β-Glucan Lines in Oats
(2022) KBKM01 20221Pure and Applied Biochemistry
- Abstract
- Oats (Avena sativa) are part of the cereal whole grain family, and their production is on the rise for the past few years due to extensive research done on the health benefits it can provide to humans. ScanOats project in Sweden is one of the research groups across the world that has done extensive work on oats. The lines CT-BG-53, CT-BG-21, and CT-BG-37 are mutant lines harvested by Crop Tailor AB and, the type of mutation used with them is chemical mutagenesis using ethyl methyl sulphonate. The mutations were performed on the elite variety of oats called Belinda, and the aforementioned lines were screened by the company as high β-glucan (20-30%) lines. β-glucan is a hydrocolloid polysaccharide that is made up of D-glucose monosaccharides... (More)
- Oats (Avena sativa) are part of the cereal whole grain family, and their production is on the rise for the past few years due to extensive research done on the health benefits it can provide to humans. ScanOats project in Sweden is one of the research groups across the world that has done extensive work on oats. The lines CT-BG-53, CT-BG-21, and CT-BG-37 are mutant lines harvested by Crop Tailor AB and, the type of mutation used with them is chemical mutagenesis using ethyl methyl sulphonate. The mutations were performed on the elite variety of oats called Belinda, and the aforementioned lines were screened by the company as high β-glucan (20-30%) lines. β-glucan is a hydrocolloid polysaccharide that is made up of D-glucose monosaccharides and it can effectively regulate blood sugar and cholesterol levels. The presence of high β-glucan is a commercial advantage for these mutant lines as all the health claims associated with the consumption of oats at this point are associated with the effects of β-glucan. The work conducted in this thesis has made it feasible to further characterise these mutant lines and compare them with Belinda to further elaborate on their superiority. Another important advantage for these mutant lines in comparison to Belinda is the presence of higher total dietary fibre content (20-30 %), which means that the gut will be able to absorb more advantageous dietary fibres. The mutant lines also have higher protein and lipid content in them. The total starch content of all the mutant lines is lower in comparison to Belinda and that could be related to their high dietary fibre content. The viscous behaviour of these lines is similar to that of Belinda which helps defend the fact that the health benefits these lines may provide over Belinda are primarily due to their higher nutritional content and not their physical nature. Arabinoxylan is a non-starch polysaccharide occurring in dietary fibres, and it can give rise to effects like favourable gut microbiome, antioxidant effect and, enhanced immunoregulatory responses. Most of the mutant lines have an arabinoxylan content that is close to Belinda, and it is another valuable feature for them. This arabinoxylan content in these lines also hints toward the fact that the mutation for higher production of β-glucan has not interfered with the pathway to produce arabinoxylan in them. When utilising oats industrially they go through a mandatory heat processing step and through the means of this project it has been discovered these parameters have no negative impact on the amount of the essential nutrients in these lines. (Less)
- Popular Abstract
- Cereal grains are a vital part of the diets of human beings. Wheat, barley rye and oats are examples of some of the popular cereal grains being consumed across the world. Amongst these cereal grains the popularity of oats is on the rise and currently they occupy about 1 % of the world's total farmland. In comparison to the other members in the cereal grains oats have higher number of chemical substances like β-glucan, dietary fibres, and polyphenol. These are substances that helps in maintaining healthy regulation of the human body’s cholesterol and sugar levels. To paint a larger picture, regular consumption of good quality of oats reduces the human body’s risks to have cardiovascular and diabetic ailments. β-glucan is a compound which... (More)
- Cereal grains are a vital part of the diets of human beings. Wheat, barley rye and oats are examples of some of the popular cereal grains being consumed across the world. Amongst these cereal grains the popularity of oats is on the rise and currently they occupy about 1 % of the world's total farmland. In comparison to the other members in the cereal grains oats have higher number of chemical substances like β-glucan, dietary fibres, and polyphenol. These are substances that helps in maintaining healthy regulation of the human body’s cholesterol and sugar levels. To paint a larger picture, regular consumption of good quality of oats reduces the human body’s risks to have cardiovascular and diabetic ailments. β-glucan is a compound which emphasised upon a lot while conducting this thesis and it is polymer made of Glucose. This means that β-glucan built by small glucose blocks and each of these blocks are joined by different types of linkages. CropTailor AB is a company that aims to develop healthy oat varieties by randomly changing the characteristics of one of their elite varieties called Belinda. Utilising these characteristic changes, the company has come up with three varieties lines CT-BG-53, CT-BG-21, and CT-BG-37 which have potentially higher β-glucan content in them. Through the work done in this project the various properties of these 3 new lines were found out and compared with the original line Belinda. It was found out that in comparison to Belinda these 3 lines have higher β-glucan, protein, total dietary fibre, and oil content in them. These lines also have sufficient amounts of a chemical substance called arabinoxylan which is also healthy for the body. These properties which were found out about these lines can directly be correlated to a lot of potential health benefits which is an ominous sign. Whenever oats are manufactured into products, they need to go through a heat processing step to make them fit for consumption for all and also increase their storage capacity. Through a set of experiments as a part of this project it was also confirmed that this processing step has no negative effect on the essential properties of these 3 healthy oat lines and that is an encouraging fact for all the industrialists interested in these lines. It was confirmed with the information from this project that the changes that lead to higher β-glucan in these varieties does not have a negative after effect on the content of another valuable chemical compound arabinoxylan. All in all, these 3 oat lines have the potential to turn out to be much more healthier lines than Belinda and this fact must be verified soon with some insightful clinical trials. Oats are valuable and healthy crops and the effects they can elicit are need of the hour in the current state of the world. The information from this thesis and the whole ScanOats project provides a supportive argument for the production and consumption of oats to increase. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9087964
- author
- Majumdar, Abhinav LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- KBKM01 20221
- year
- 2022
- type
- H2 - Master's Degree (Two Years)
- subject
- keywords
- Applied biochemistry, Oats, β-Glucan, Dietary fibres, Arbinoxylan
- language
- English
- id
- 9087964
- date added to LUP
- 2022-07-01 10:39:13
- date last changed
- 2022-07-01 10:39:13
@misc{9087964,
abstract = {{Oats (Avena sativa) are part of the cereal whole grain family, and their production is on the rise for the past few years due to extensive research done on the health benefits it can provide to humans. ScanOats project in Sweden is one of the research groups across the world that has done extensive work on oats. The lines CT-BG-53, CT-BG-21, and CT-BG-37 are mutant lines harvested by Crop Tailor AB and, the type of mutation used with them is chemical mutagenesis using ethyl methyl sulphonate. The mutations were performed on the elite variety of oats called Belinda, and the aforementioned lines were screened by the company as high β-glucan (20-30%) lines. β-glucan is a hydrocolloid polysaccharide that is made up of D-glucose monosaccharides and it can effectively regulate blood sugar and cholesterol levels. The presence of high β-glucan is a commercial advantage for these mutant lines as all the health claims associated with the consumption of oats at this point are associated with the effects of β-glucan. The work conducted in this thesis has made it feasible to further characterise these mutant lines and compare them with Belinda to further elaborate on their superiority. Another important advantage for these mutant lines in comparison to Belinda is the presence of higher total dietary fibre content (20-30 %), which means that the gut will be able to absorb more advantageous dietary fibres. The mutant lines also have higher protein and lipid content in them. The total starch content of all the mutant lines is lower in comparison to Belinda and that could be related to their high dietary fibre content. The viscous behaviour of these lines is similar to that of Belinda which helps defend the fact that the health benefits these lines may provide over Belinda are primarily due to their higher nutritional content and not their physical nature. Arabinoxylan is a non-starch polysaccharide occurring in dietary fibres, and it can give rise to effects like favourable gut microbiome, antioxidant effect and, enhanced immunoregulatory responses. Most of the mutant lines have an arabinoxylan content that is close to Belinda, and it is another valuable feature for them. This arabinoxylan content in these lines also hints toward the fact that the mutation for higher production of β-glucan has not interfered with the pathway to produce arabinoxylan in them. When utilising oats industrially they go through a mandatory heat processing step and through the means of this project it has been discovered these parameters have no negative impact on the amount of the essential nutrients in these lines.}},
author = {{Majumdar, Abhinav}},
language = {{eng}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Molecular Characterization of High β-Glucan Lines in Oats}},
year = {{2022}},
}