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Villkorade avtal för att hantera trängsel i nätet - En kvalitativ intervjustudie av nätägarens möjligheter att villkora elleverans vid anslutning av uttagskunder

Garcia, Jessica (2022) FMIM01 20221
Environmental and Energy Systems Studies
Abstract (Swedish)
Den pågående energiomställningen har gett upphov till ett växande behov av elanslutningar och aktualiserat behovet av att anpassa elnätet genom att införa flexibilitetslösningar. Elnätsföretag har
med anledning av nätkapacitetsutmaningen redan svårt att ansluta nya kunder vilket gett upphov till diskussioner kring möjligheterna att tillämpa så kallade villkorade avtal. Till skillnad från traditionella anslutningsavtal går kunden med på att styra ned sin förbrukning vid behov - något som i dagsläget präglas av juridiska, tekniska och ekonomiska osäkerheter. Studien undersöker en nätägarens möjlighet och utmaningar med att tillämpa dessa för uttagskunder som önskar nyansluta, utöka eller återansluta effekt. Kunskapsläget och den praktiska... (More)
Den pågående energiomställningen har gett upphov till ett växande behov av elanslutningar och aktualiserat behovet av att anpassa elnätet genom att införa flexibilitetslösningar. Elnätsföretag har
med anledning av nätkapacitetsutmaningen redan svårt att ansluta nya kunder vilket gett upphov till diskussioner kring möjligheterna att tillämpa så kallade villkorade avtal. Till skillnad från traditionella anslutningsavtal går kunden med på att styra ned sin förbrukning vid behov - något som i dagsläget präglas av juridiska, tekniska och ekonomiska osäkerheter. Studien undersöker en nätägarens möjlighet och utmaningar med att tillämpa dessa för uttagskunder som önskar nyansluta, utöka eller återansluta effekt. Kunskapsläget och den praktiska erfarenheten är begränsad, enbart ett fåtal villkorade avtal har tecknats och flera används i praktiken inte. Frågeställningarna besvaras genom en kvalitativ studie via en litteratur- och en intervjustudie med deltagandet av nio personer i elnätsbranschen.

Resultatet visar att villkorade avtal definieras som då ”Kund och nätägare bilateralt avtalar om nyanslutning, effektutökning eller återanslutning i utbyte mot att kunden godtar tidvis begränsad
eller avbruten tillgång till uttag eller inmatning av el.” Flera möjliga tillämpningar framgick i intervjustudien. De flesta intervjupersoner föreslår att avtalet i ett initialt skede bör tillämpas som en tidsbegränsad, småskalig lösning för effektkrävande industri som efterfrågar nätanslutning i geografiska områden med nätkapacitetsproblem. Nedstyrning bör tillämpas som reservlösning när nätet är belastat och bör inte ske frekvent. I dagsläget finns dock flera utmaningar; att implementera flexibilitet är en tids- och resurskrävande process, avtalens förankring i lagstiftningen är otydlig och samtidigt finns få ekonomiska incitament att arbeta med villkorade avtal.

Slutsatsen är att villkorade avtal kan vara lämpliga för nätägare att tillämpa som en tidsbegränsad och kortsiktig lösning för att påskynda anslutningar som i annat fall hade nekats. På längre sikt kan de även utgöra ett komplement till nätutbyggnad i uttagspunkter där det inte anses samhällsekonomiskt kostnadseffektivt att bygga nytt. (Less)
Abstract
Grid modernisation is a key enabler in the ongoing transition to a more sustainable energy system. As both grid connections and power consumption are foreseen to increase, the introduction of flexibility solutions is an essential supplement to network deployment. Due to the current risk of grid congestion, power utilities are experiencing difficulties in connecting new customers which has given rise to discussions about the possibilities of applying so-called conditional agreements. Unlike traditional connection agreements, the customer agrees to reduce its consumption upon demand - something that is currently characterised by legal, technical, and economical uncertainties. The study examines a DSOs opportunities and challenges in applying... (More)
Grid modernisation is a key enabler in the ongoing transition to a more sustainable energy system. As both grid connections and power consumption are foreseen to increase, the introduction of flexibility solutions is an essential supplement to network deployment. Due to the current risk of grid congestion, power utilities are experiencing difficulties in connecting new customers which has given rise to discussions about the possibilities of applying so-called conditional agreements. Unlike traditional connection agreements, the customer agrees to reduce its consumption upon demand - something that is currently characterised by legal, technical, and economical uncertainties. The study examines a DSOs opportunities and challenges in applying conditional connections for power consumers. The level of knowledge and practical experience in the field is limited, only a few conditional agreements have been signed in Sweden and several are not applied in practice. The research questions are answered through a qualitative study via a literature study and an interview study with the participation of nine persons in the power distribution sector.

The results show that conditional agreements are defined as when "Customer and network owner bilaterally agree on new connection, power expansion or reconnection in exchange for the customer accepting temporarily limiting or interrupting the input or output of power." Several possible applications emerged in the interview study. Most interviewees suggest the agreement to initially be applied as a time-limited, small-scale solution for larger power consumers who request a grid connection in geographic areas of grid congestion. Adjusting the power demand should be regarded as a last resort solution in peak periods and further be used infrequently.

There are however several challenges; implementing flexibility is a time- and resource-consuming process, there are legal uncertainties and additionally there is little incentive to work with conditional agreements.

This report concludes that conditional agreements may be suitable for network owners to apply as a time-limited and short-term solution to speed up connections that would otherwise have been delayed. In the longer term, they can also form a complement to grid expansion in exit points where it is not considered economically cost-effective. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Garcia, Jessica
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Conditional Connection Agreements to Manage Grid Congestion - a Qualitative Interview Study of the DSO’s Possibilities of Establishing Conditional Connections for Power Consumers
course
FMIM01 20221
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
Villkorade avtal, Villkorad anslutning, Efterfrågeflexibilitet, Flexibilitet, Smarta elnät, Nätkapacitetsbrist, DSO
report number
ISRN LUTFD2/TFEM-22/5184—SE + (1-56)
other publication id
ISSN 1102-3651
language
Swedish
id
9098017
date added to LUP
2022-08-24 08:50:34
date last changed
2022-08-24 08:50:34
@misc{9098017,
  abstract     = {{Grid modernisation is a key enabler in the ongoing transition to a more sustainable energy system. As both grid connections and power consumption are foreseen to increase, the introduction of flexibility solutions is an essential supplement to network deployment. Due to the current risk of grid congestion, power utilities are experiencing difficulties in connecting new customers which has given rise to discussions about the possibilities of applying so-called conditional agreements. Unlike traditional connection agreements, the customer agrees to reduce its consumption upon demand - something that is currently characterised by legal, technical, and economical uncertainties. The study examines a DSOs opportunities and challenges in applying conditional connections for power consumers. The level of knowledge and practical experience in the field is limited, only a few conditional agreements have been signed in Sweden and several are not applied in practice. The research questions are answered through a qualitative study via a literature study and an interview study with the participation of nine persons in the power distribution sector.

The results show that conditional agreements are defined as when "Customer and network owner bilaterally agree on new connection, power expansion or reconnection in exchange for the customer accepting temporarily limiting or interrupting the input or output of power." Several possible applications emerged in the interview study. Most interviewees suggest the agreement to initially be applied as a time-limited, small-scale solution for larger power consumers who request a grid connection in geographic areas of grid congestion. Adjusting the power demand should be regarded as a last resort solution in peak periods and further be used infrequently.

There are however several challenges; implementing flexibility is a time- and resource-consuming process, there are legal uncertainties and additionally there is little incentive to work with conditional agreements.

This report concludes that conditional agreements may be suitable for network owners to apply as a time-limited and short-term solution to speed up connections that would otherwise have been delayed. In the longer term, they can also form a complement to grid expansion in exit points where it is not considered economically cost-effective.}},
  author       = {{Garcia, Jessica}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Villkorade avtal för att hantera trängsel i nätet - En kvalitativ intervjustudie av nätägarens möjligheter att villkora elleverans vid anslutning av uttagskunder}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}