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Den statliga lönegarantin - Förbättringsåtgärder för ett minskat missbruk av lönegarantisystemet

Lu, Lina LU (2022) JURM02 20222
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Den statliga lönegarantin är en skyddslagstiftning som ger arbetstagare rätt till ersättning om arbetsgivaren går i konkurs. I en granskande rapport från Riksrevisionen framkommer det att 6–9 % av utbetalt garantibelopp utgörs av misstänkt missbruk av lönegarantin. Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka om de föreslagna åtgärderna i Riksrevisionens granskning kan förväntas minska missbruk av lönegarantin. Särskild vikt läggs vid i vilken grad lönegarantisystemet bör reformeras så att den administrativa funktionen av lönegarantin läggs hos en enda myndighet. Nämnda åtgärd jämförs med fördelarna av att göra mindre ingripande förändringar i det nuvarande lönegarantisystemet.



Enligt Riksrevisionens granskning möjliggörs missbruket av den... (More)
Den statliga lönegarantin är en skyddslagstiftning som ger arbetstagare rätt till ersättning om arbetsgivaren går i konkurs. I en granskande rapport från Riksrevisionen framkommer det att 6–9 % av utbetalt garantibelopp utgörs av misstänkt missbruk av lönegarantin. Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka om de föreslagna åtgärderna i Riksrevisionens granskning kan förväntas minska missbruk av lönegarantin. Särskild vikt läggs vid i vilken grad lönegarantisystemet bör reformeras så att den administrativa funktionen av lönegarantin läggs hos en enda myndighet. Nämnda åtgärd jämförs med fördelarna av att göra mindre ingripande förändringar i det nuvarande lönegarantisystemet.



Enligt Riksrevisionens granskning möjliggörs missbruket av den statliga lönegarantin av att ansvariga myndigheter saknar effektiva medel för att upptäcka och hindra missbruket av lönegarantin, och på grund av att bristerna i systemet identifierats av personer som avser att missbruka lönegarantin. I Riksrevisionens granskning identifierades följande brister; de varierande beslutsprocesserna hos konkursförvaltare, brister i kontroller hos kontrollmyndigheterna, otydliga regler vid återkrav, möjligheten för gäldenären att föreslå och i praktiken välja konkursförvaltare (gäldenärsförslag) samt det stora antalet inblandade myndigheter.



Utöver att åtgärda ovan nämnda brister har det även framförts att den statliga lönegarantin med fördel kan reformeras till att i större grad efterlikna de nordiska grannländernas lönegarantisystem, i syfte att minska missbruk av den svenska lönegarantin. De förslag som framhålls som potentiellt effektiva är att ansökan av lönegaranti ska göras av den enskilda, samt att införa en statistisk och reviderande funktion som går ut på att kontinuerligt kartlägga lönegarantiutvecklingen.



En av de enskilt viktigaste åtgärderna för att minska lönegarantibedrägerierna är att ge en myndighet i uppdrag att föra kontinuerlig statistik över lönegarantin och regelbundet revidera systemet i sin helhet. Genom att införa en sådan funktion kommer det finnas möjlighet för myndigheterna att utvärdera genomförda åtgärder samt följa kostnadsutvecklingen över en längre tid. Ytterligare en åtgärd som bör vara prioriterad är att begränsa möjligheterna för konkursgäldenären att välja konkursförvaltare. Detta bör med fördel ske genom att ett krav på att konkursgäldenären motiverar sitt val av förvaltare i samband med konkursansökan. (Less)
Abstract
The earnings guarantee is a legislation designated to compensate employees for loss of salary if the employer is declared bankrupt. In an audit by the Swedish National Audit Organization (the Swedish NAO), it is estimated that 6–9 % of all earnings guarantee payments consist of misusage. The purpose of this article is to examine if the measures suggested by the Swedish NAO can be considered adequate in terms of achieving a reduction of the misusage. The focus of this article is on analyzing to which degree the administrative function of the earnings guarantee should be executed by the tax authority, as opposed to the current system where it is administered by the County administrative boards of Sweden and the trustee. This measure will be... (More)
The earnings guarantee is a legislation designated to compensate employees for loss of salary if the employer is declared bankrupt. In an audit by the Swedish National Audit Organization (the Swedish NAO), it is estimated that 6–9 % of all earnings guarantee payments consist of misusage. The purpose of this article is to examine if the measures suggested by the Swedish NAO can be considered adequate in terms of achieving a reduction of the misusage. The focus of this article is on analyzing to which degree the administrative function of the earnings guarantee should be executed by the tax authority, as opposed to the current system where it is administered by the County administrative boards of Sweden and the trustee. This measure will be compared with the benefits of implementing measures of a more limited extent in the current legislation.



The faulty earnings guarantee payments are due to government authorities lacking efficient means to detect and hinder misusage, as well as system deficiencies which have been identified by individuals who mean to misapply the earnings guarantee. In the audit by the Swedish NAO the following deficiencies were identified; the varying decision making processes carried out by the trustee, authorities lacking efficient means to detect and/or act upon signs of deception, legislation regarding reclaims of earnings guarantees are inexplicit, a high probability that the debtor’s choice of trustee is approved by the court and a large number of involved authorities.



In addition to the previously mentioned measures it has been suggested that the earnings guarantee system should incorporate elements from current legislation in the neighbouring Nordic countries, in order to reduce misusage of the earnings guarantee. One of the measures that is considered potentially successful is by letting the individual apply for earnings guarantee, as opposed to the existing system where the trustee administers the application. Furthermore, it has been suggested that an authority should be given the responsibility to keep statistics of the earnings guarantee and regularly revise the system in order to trace long term patterns.



Based on the examination in this article, it has been concluded that it is especially important to assign an authority to continuously keep stastistics and audit the earnings guarantee in order to reduce misusage. By implementing this measure the authorities have the opportunity to track and evaluate how changes to the system have affected the earnings guarantee. An additional measure that should be prioritized is to limit opportunities for the debtor to practically choose their trustee. The proposed way of implementing this measure is to require that the debtor motivates their choice of trusteee, in order for the suggestion to possibly be granted. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Lu, Lina LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
The Swedish earnings guarantee - Improvements for a reduced misusage of the earnings guarantee system
course
JURM02 20222
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
Förmögenhetsrätt, insolvensrätt, obeståndsrätt, konkurs, lönegaranti, statlig lönegaranti
language
Swedish
id
9104555
date added to LUP
2023-01-24 08:56:54
date last changed
2023-01-24 08:56:54
@misc{9104555,
  abstract     = {{The earnings guarantee is a legislation designated to compensate employees for loss of salary if the employer is declared bankrupt. In an audit by the Swedish National Audit Organization (the Swedish NAO), it is estimated that 6–9 % of all earnings guarantee payments consist of misusage. The purpose of this article is to examine if the measures suggested by the Swedish NAO can be considered adequate in terms of achieving a reduction of the misusage. The focus of this article is on analyzing to which degree the administrative function of the earnings guarantee should be executed by the tax authority, as opposed to the current system where it is administered by the County administrative boards of Sweden and the trustee. This measure will be compared with the benefits of implementing measures of a more limited extent in the current legislation. 

 

The faulty earnings guarantee payments are due to government authorities lacking efficient means to detect and hinder misusage, as well as system deficiencies which have been identified by individuals who mean to misapply the earnings guarantee. In the audit by the Swedish NAO the following deficiencies were identified; the varying decision making processes carried out by the trustee, authorities lacking efficient means to detect and/or act upon signs of deception, legislation regarding reclaims of earnings guarantees are inexplicit, a high probability that the debtor’s choice of trustee is approved by the court and a large number of involved authorities. 

 

In addition to the previously mentioned measures it has been suggested that the earnings guarantee system should incorporate elements from current legislation in the neighbouring Nordic countries, in order to reduce misusage of the earnings guarantee. One of the measures that is considered potentially successful is by letting the individual apply for earnings guarantee, as opposed to the existing system where the trustee administers the application. Furthermore, it has been suggested that an authority should be given the responsibility to keep statistics of the earnings guarantee and regularly revise the system in order to trace long term patterns. 

 

Based on the examination in this article, it has been concluded that it is especially important to assign an authority to continuously keep stastistics and audit the earnings guarantee in order to reduce misusage. By implementing this measure the authorities have the opportunity to track and evaluate how changes to the system have affected the earnings guarantee. An additional measure that should be prioritized is to limit opportunities for the debtor to practically choose their trustee. The proposed way of implementing this measure is to require that the debtor motivates their choice of trusteee, in order for the suggestion to possibly be granted.}},
  author       = {{Lu, Lina}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Den statliga lönegarantin - Förbättringsåtgärder för ett minskat missbruk av lönegarantisystemet}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}