Kan återvinning ske av en misstagsbetalning som gått åter? - Condictio indebiti i strid med 4:5 KonkL
(2023) LAGF03 20231Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Ett misstag kommer sällan ensamt. En typ av misstag som har resulterat i en egen princip är misstagsbetalningar. En misstags-betalning kan uppkomma genom flertalet faktorer och kan inne-fatta olika belopp. Det som är gemensamt är att alla som begått en betalning av misstag vill ha sina pengar åter. Därför finns principen om condictio indebiti som stadgar att betalningar av misstag ska gå åter om inte något av principens undantag är upp-fyllt. Många misstag kan i sin tur leda till konkurs. Konkurser sker regelbundet och är en stor del av de konstanta förändringar-na i näringslivet. När ett företag går i konkurs är anledningen att företaget hamnat på obestånd, det har alltså inte funnits teckning för företagets skulder. Vid ett... (More)
- Ett misstag kommer sällan ensamt. En typ av misstag som har resulterat i en egen princip är misstagsbetalningar. En misstags-betalning kan uppkomma genom flertalet faktorer och kan inne-fatta olika belopp. Det som är gemensamt är att alla som begått en betalning av misstag vill ha sina pengar åter. Därför finns principen om condictio indebiti som stadgar att betalningar av misstag ska gå åter om inte något av principens undantag är upp-fyllt. Många misstag kan i sin tur leda till konkurs. Konkurser sker regelbundet och är en stor del av de konstanta förändringar-na i näringslivet. När ett företag går i konkurs är anledningen att företaget hamnat på obestånd, det har alltså inte funnits teckning för företagets skulder. Vid ett konkursutbrott förordnas en kon-kursförvaltare som har i uppgift att främja borgenärernas in-tresse. En del i konkursförvaltarens uppdrag är att återvinna eventuella medel som gäldenären tagit ur konkursboet tiden före konkursutbrottet. Detta benämns som återvinning till konkurs-boet.
En problematisk situation blir då både condictio indebiti och återvinning kan bli tillämpligt efter varandra. Ett företag kan in-nan ett konkursutbrott erhålla en misstagsbetalning som ska gå tillbaka enligt condictio indebiti. Om företaget då betalar tillbaka och sedan utbryter ett konkutsutbrott kan summan som betalats tillbaka även omfattas av återvinning tillbaka till konkursboet. Detta innebär att principen och lagen ställs mot varandra utan egentlig praxis om vilken som bör ha företräde i just den speci-fika situationen. Uppsatsen sammanfattas med en slutsats av mina tankar kring hur en förvaltare som ska säkerställa en bor-genärs rätt till utdelning kan bli samma person som återvinner tillbaka en misstagsbetalning från en borgenär. Diskussionen fortsätter kring hur det finns en uppenbar brist i lagstiftningen som skapar förutsättningar för en strid mellan princip och lag. (Less) - Abstract
- A mistake rarely comes alone. One type of mistake that has re-sulted in a principle of its own is payments made by mistakes. A payment made by mistake can arise through several factors and can include different amounts. Everyone who has made a pay-ment by mistake wants their money back. Therefore, there is the principle of condictio indebiti, which stipulates that payments by mistake must be reversed unless one of the principles exceptions is met. Many mistakes can in turn lead to a bankruptcy. Bank-ruptcies occur regularly and are a large part of the constant changes in the business world. When a company enters a bank-ruptcy, the reason is that the company ended up insolvent, which means there has been no coverage for the company's debts.... (More)
- A mistake rarely comes alone. One type of mistake that has re-sulted in a principle of its own is payments made by mistakes. A payment made by mistake can arise through several factors and can include different amounts. Everyone who has made a pay-ment by mistake wants their money back. Therefore, there is the principle of condictio indebiti, which stipulates that payments by mistake must be reversed unless one of the principles exceptions is met. Many mistakes can in turn lead to a bankruptcy. Bank-ruptcies occur regularly and are a large part of the constant changes in the business world. When a company enters a bank-ruptcy, the reason is that the company ended up insolvent, which means there has been no coverage for the company's debts. In the event of bankruptcy, a bankruptcy trustee is appointed whose task it is to promote the interests of the creditors. Part of the bankruptcy trustees task is to recover any funds that the debtor took from the bankruptcy estate before the bankruptcy began. This is referred to as recovery to the bankruptcy estate.
A problematic situation that can occur is that both condictio in-debiti and recovery can become applicable in the same situation. A company can, before the outbreak of bankruptcy, receive a mistake payment that must go back according to condictio in-debiti. If the company pays back and then bankruptcy breaks out, the sum that has been returned can also be covered by recovery back to the bankruptcy estate. This means that the principle and the law are pitted against each other without actual practice as to which should take precedence in the specific situation. The essay is summarized with a concluding discussion of my thoughts about how a trustee who is supposed to ensure a creditor´s right to a dividend can become the same person who recovers a mis-taken payment from a creditor. The discussion continues about how there is an obvious deficiency in the legislation that creates the conditions for a feud between principle and law. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9115839
- author
- Mårtensson, Wilma LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- LAGF03 20231
- year
- 2023
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- Obeståndsrätt, Civilrätt, Obestånd, Insolvens, Återvinning, Condictio indebiti
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9115839
- date added to LUP
- 2023-06-29 13:30:47
- date last changed
- 2023-06-29 13:30:47
@misc{9115839,
abstract = {{A mistake rarely comes alone. One type of mistake that has re-sulted in a principle of its own is payments made by mistakes. A payment made by mistake can arise through several factors and can include different amounts. Everyone who has made a pay-ment by mistake wants their money back. Therefore, there is the principle of condictio indebiti, which stipulates that payments by mistake must be reversed unless one of the principles exceptions is met. Many mistakes can in turn lead to a bankruptcy. Bank-ruptcies occur regularly and are a large part of the constant changes in the business world. When a company enters a bank-ruptcy, the reason is that the company ended up insolvent, which means there has been no coverage for the company's debts. In the event of bankruptcy, a bankruptcy trustee is appointed whose task it is to promote the interests of the creditors. Part of the bankruptcy trustees task is to recover any funds that the debtor took from the bankruptcy estate before the bankruptcy began. This is referred to as recovery to the bankruptcy estate.
A problematic situation that can occur is that both condictio in-debiti and recovery can become applicable in the same situation. A company can, before the outbreak of bankruptcy, receive a mistake payment that must go back according to condictio in-debiti. If the company pays back and then bankruptcy breaks out, the sum that has been returned can also be covered by recovery back to the bankruptcy estate. This means that the principle and the law are pitted against each other without actual practice as to which should take precedence in the specific situation. The essay is summarized with a concluding discussion of my thoughts about how a trustee who is supposed to ensure a creditor´s right to a dividend can become the same person who recovers a mis-taken payment from a creditor. The discussion continues about how there is an obvious deficiency in the legislation that creates the conditions for a feud between principle and law.}},
author = {{Mårtensson, Wilma}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Kan återvinning ske av en misstagsbetalning som gått åter? - Condictio indebiti i strid med 4:5 KonkL}},
year = {{2023}},
}