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Integritet på exekutiv auktion – en kritisk analys av 6 kap. 12 a § UB

Andersson Telander, Linnea LU (2023) LAGF03 20231
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
I augusti 2022 infördes en ny regel om distansutmätning. Regeln har tagit plats i 6 kap. 12 a § UB och ger Polismyndigheten möjlighet att säkerställa egendom inför utmätning. Detta kan ske i fall då polistjänstemän inom ramen för sitt normala uppdrag kommer i kontakt med egendom som de misstänker kan utmätas. I dessa fall kan Polismyndigheten på plats ringa KFM och fråga om ägaren har indrivningsbara skulder.

I de förarbeten som föranledde bestämmelsens instiftande har andra syften än de traditionellt utsökningsrättsliga lyfts fram. Förhoppningen har från lagstif-tarens sida varit att 6 kap. 12 a § UB ska fungera som ett verktyg för att mot-verka organiserad brottslighet. Detta syfte kommer inte till uttryck i bestäm-melsens... (More)
I augusti 2022 infördes en ny regel om distansutmätning. Regeln har tagit plats i 6 kap. 12 a § UB och ger Polismyndigheten möjlighet att säkerställa egendom inför utmätning. Detta kan ske i fall då polistjänstemän inom ramen för sitt normala uppdrag kommer i kontakt med egendom som de misstänker kan utmätas. I dessa fall kan Polismyndigheten på plats ringa KFM och fråga om ägaren har indrivningsbara skulder.

I de förarbeten som föranledde bestämmelsens instiftande har andra syften än de traditionellt utsökningsrättsliga lyfts fram. Förhoppningen har från lagstif-tarens sida varit att 6 kap. 12 a § UB ska fungera som ett verktyg för att mot-verka organiserad brottslighet. Detta syfte kommer inte till uttryck i bestäm-melsens ordalydelse och det framgår av förarbetena inte vilka bedömnings-grunder som ska tillämpas när Polismyndigheten väljer vem som ska bli fö-remål för ett förfarande enligt 6 kap. 12 a § UB.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att granska 6 kap. 12 a § UB utifrån de krav ob-jektivitetsprincipen ställer på myndighetsutövning och undersöka i vilken mån bestämmelsen kan kvalificera för tvångsmedel.
Studien visar att det i relation till objektivitetsprincipen finns brister både be-träffande det materiella beslutsfattandet med stöd av 6 kap. 12 a § och den processföring som kan antas följa med regleringen. Avsaknaden av besluts-grunder i 6 kap. 12 a § UB i kombination med den uttalade ambitionen att komma åt den vars identitet uppfattas som kriminell undergräver sakligheten. Processföringen riskerar vidare att anta karaktären av ”fishing expedition” som betecknar ett planlöst sökande efter tillgångar mot vilket det råder ett principiellt förbud i svensk utsökningsrätt.

Vidare konstateras att en utmätning med stöd av 6 kap. 12 a § UB har gemen-samma beröringspunkter med kroppsvisitation, vid vilken ändamålsprincipen måste beaktas. I relation härtill tillhandahåller förarbetena till 6 kap. 12 a § ett tvetydigt ändamål som dessutom inte framgår av lagtext. (Less)
Abstract
In August 2022, a new rule on remote property securing was introduced. The rule is found in Chapter 6 § 12 a of the Enforcement Code, granting the Police Authority the power to secure property for enforcement purposes. This can occur when police officers, in the course of their normal duties, come into contact with property they suspect can be seized. In such cases, the Police Authority can call the Enforcement Authority and inquire if the owner has recoverable debts. If so, the property can be taken over by the Police Authori-ty, and an enforcement decision can be issued by the Enforcement Authority.

The preparatory works leading to the enactment of this provision have high-lighted purposes other than the traditionally... (More)
In August 2022, a new rule on remote property securing was introduced. The rule is found in Chapter 6 § 12 a of the Enforcement Code, granting the Police Authority the power to secure property for enforcement purposes. This can occur when police officers, in the course of their normal duties, come into contact with property they suspect can be seized. In such cases, the Police Authority can call the Enforcement Authority and inquire if the owner has recoverable debts. If so, the property can be taken over by the Police Authori-ty, and an enforcement decision can be issued by the Enforcement Authority.

The preparatory works leading to the enactment of this provision have high-lighted purposes other than the traditionally enforcement-related objectives. The legislator's hope was for Chapter 6 § 12 a to serve as a tool to combat organized crime. However, this purpose is not reflected in the wording of the provision, and the preparatory works do not specify the criteria to be applied when the Police Authority selects who will be subject to proceedings under Chapter 6 § 12 a.

The purpose of this essay is to examine Chapter 6 § 12 a from the perspective of the objectivity principle governing administrative action and to investigate the extent to which the provision can qualify as coercive measures. The study explores how Chapter 6 § 12 a aligns with the principles influencing the use of coercive measures.

The study reveals deficiencies in relation to the objectivity principle, both con-cerning the substantive decision-making based on Chapter 6 § 12 a and the expected procedural aspects of the regulation. The lack of decision-making criteria in Chapter 6 § 12 a, combined with the stated ambition to target indi-viduals perceived as criminals, undermines impartiality. Furthermore, the pro-cedural aspects risk taking on the character of a "fishing expedition," which denotes a random search for assets, contrary to a fundamental prohibition in Swedish enforcement law.
Moreover, it is noted that property securing under Chapter 6 § 12 a shares common aspects with body searches, where the principle of purpose limitation must be considered. In this regard, the preparatory works for Chapter 6 § 12 a provide an ambiguous purpose that is not explicitly stated in the legal text. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Andersson Telander, Linnea LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20231
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
förvaltningsrätt, utsökningsrätt, utmätning, distansutmätning, objektivitetsprincipen, ändamålsprincipen, tvångsmedel
language
Swedish
id
9116465
date added to LUP
2023-06-29 09:33:02
date last changed
2023-06-29 09:33:02
@misc{9116465,
  abstract     = {{In August 2022, a new rule on remote property securing was introduced. The rule is found in Chapter 6 § 12 a of the Enforcement Code, granting the Police Authority the power to secure property for enforcement purposes. This can occur when police officers, in the course of their normal duties, come into contact with property they suspect can be seized. In such cases, the Police Authority can call the Enforcement Authority and inquire if the owner has recoverable debts. If so, the property can be taken over by the Police Authori-ty, and an enforcement decision can be issued by the Enforcement Authority.

The preparatory works leading to the enactment of this provision have high-lighted purposes other than the traditionally enforcement-related objectives. The legislator's hope was for Chapter 6 § 12 a to serve as a tool to combat organized crime. However, this purpose is not reflected in the wording of the provision, and the preparatory works do not specify the criteria to be applied when the Police Authority selects who will be subject to proceedings under Chapter 6 § 12 a.

The purpose of this essay is to examine Chapter 6 § 12 a from the perspective of the objectivity principle governing administrative action and to investigate the extent to which the provision can qualify as coercive measures. The study explores how Chapter 6 § 12 a aligns with the principles influencing the use of coercive measures.

The study reveals deficiencies in relation to the objectivity principle, both con-cerning the substantive decision-making based on Chapter 6 § 12 a and the expected procedural aspects of the regulation. The lack of decision-making criteria in Chapter 6 § 12 a, combined with the stated ambition to target indi-viduals perceived as criminals, undermines impartiality. Furthermore, the pro-cedural aspects risk taking on the character of a "fishing expedition," which denotes a random search for assets, contrary to a fundamental prohibition in Swedish enforcement law.
Moreover, it is noted that property securing under Chapter 6 § 12 a shares common aspects with body searches, where the principle of purpose limitation must be considered. In this regard, the preparatory works for Chapter 6 § 12 a provide an ambiguous purpose that is not explicitly stated in the legal text.}},
  author       = {{Andersson Telander, Linnea}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Integritet på exekutiv auktion – en kritisk analys av 6 kap. 12 a § UB}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}