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Betaltjänstlagen och konsumentskyddet - Kan farmor känna sig trygg när bedragaren varit framme?

Hansen, Abbe LU (2023) LAGF03 20232
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
För att öka användningen av digitala betaltjänster, såsom BankID, inom Europeiska unionen (EU) tillkom andra betaltjänstdirektivet (PSD2) år 2015. I Sverige implementerades PSD2 genom tillskottet av kapitel 5a i Lag (2010:751) om betaltjänster. En grundregel är att en betaltjänstgivare är skyldig att återställa användarens konto vid obehöriga transaktioner, med vissa undantag. Enligt 5a kap 3§ kan en konsument, om denne orsakar transaktionen på grund av grov oaktsamhet, vara skyldig att täcka upp till 12 000 kr. Vid särskilt klandervärt agerande kan konsumenten bli ansvarig för hela det förlorade beloppet. Begreppen grov oaktsamhet och särskilt klandervärt agerande definieras inte tydligt i direktivet, detta arbete överlämnas åt nationella... (More)
För att öka användningen av digitala betaltjänster, såsom BankID, inom Europeiska unionen (EU) tillkom andra betaltjänstdirektivet (PSD2) år 2015. I Sverige implementerades PSD2 genom tillskottet av kapitel 5a i Lag (2010:751) om betaltjänster. En grundregel är att en betaltjänstgivare är skyldig att återställa användarens konto vid obehöriga transaktioner, med vissa undantag. Enligt 5a kap 3§ kan en konsument, om denne orsakar transaktionen på grund av grov oaktsamhet, vara skyldig att täcka upp till 12 000 kr. Vid särskilt klandervärt agerande kan konsumenten bli ansvarig för hela det förlorade beloppet. Begreppen grov oaktsamhet och särskilt klandervärt agerande definieras inte tydligt i direktivet, detta arbete överlämnas åt nationella lagstiftare. Uppsatsen granskar HD:s vägledande bedömning i NJA 2022 s 522 samt den begränsade ARN-praxisen inom området. Slutsatsen är att det anses vara grovt vårdslöst att lämna ut personliga uppgifter, som koder och kontokort, oavsett de personliga omständigheterna eller konsumentens situation. HD:s bedömning kan delvis härledas från skadeståndsrättens culpabedömning enligt 2 kap 1§ skadeståndslagen avseende hänsyn till personliga omständigheter och aktsamhetsnormen.
Betaltjänstlagens 5 a kapitel är av konsumentskyddskaraktär. Uppsatsen granskar hur bedömningen enligt 5a kap 3§ samspelar med konsumentskyddsprinciperna i både Sverige och EU. Trots frånvaron av specifika regler för konsumentskyddet finns det en tydlig informationsplikt för leverantörer av finansiella tjänster gentemot konsumenter. EU-kommissionen och Finansinspektionen betonar behovet av ökad omsorg gentemot konsumenter, särskilt för personer med svårigheter att anpassa sig till teknisk utveckling, såsom äldre. Slutsatsen är att ålder är en faktor av betydelse även i ARN praxis. Vad gäller informationsplikt framgår det endast av ett fall att betaltjänstgivarens information till konsumenten varit av värde i bedömningen. Ytterligare praxis och forskning krävs för att bedöma överensstämmelsen med rådande principer. (Less)
Abstract
To enhance the utilization of digital payment services, such as BankID, within the European Union (EU), the second Payment Services Directive (PSD2) was introduced in 2015. In Sweden, PSD2 was implemented through the addition of Chapter 5a in the Act (2010:751) on Payment Services. A fundamental rule is that a payment service provider is obligated to restore the user's account in the case of unauthorized transactions, with certain exceptions. According to Chapter 5a, Section 3, if a consumer causes a transaction due to gross negligence, they may be liable to cover up to 12,000 SEK. In cases of particularly blameworthy conduct, the consumer may be held responsible for the entire lost amount. The concepts of gross negligence and particularly... (More)
To enhance the utilization of digital payment services, such as BankID, within the European Union (EU), the second Payment Services Directive (PSD2) was introduced in 2015. In Sweden, PSD2 was implemented through the addition of Chapter 5a in the Act (2010:751) on Payment Services. A fundamental rule is that a payment service provider is obligated to restore the user's account in the case of unauthorized transactions, with certain exceptions. According to Chapter 5a, Section 3, if a consumer causes a transaction due to gross negligence, they may be liable to cover up to 12,000 SEK. In cases of particularly blameworthy conduct, the consumer may be held responsible for the entire lost amount. The concepts of gross negligence and particularly blameworthy conduct are not clearly defined in the directive; this task is delegated to national legislators. This essay examines the Supreme Court's guiding assessment in NJA 2022 s 522 and the limited ARN practice in the field. The conclusion is that it is considered grossly negligent to disclose personal information, such as codes and credit card details, regardless of the personal circumstances or the consumer's situation. The Supreme Court's assessment can be partially traced back to the tort law's culpability assessment under Chapter 2, Section 1 of the Tort Liability Act concerning consideration of personal circumstances and the standard of care.
Chapter 5a of the Payment Services Act is of a consumer protection nature. This essay examines how the assessment under Chapter 5a, Section 3 interacts with consumer protection principles in both Sweden and the EU. Despite the absence of specific rules for consumer protection, there is an apparent duty of financial service providers to provide information to consumers. The EU Commission and the Financial Supervisory Authority emphasize the need for increased care towards consumers, especially for individuals having difficulty adapting to technological developments, such as elderly persons. The conclusion is that age is a significant factor, even in ARN practice. Regarding the duty to inform, it is only evident in one case that the payment service provider's warnings to the consumer have been valuable in the assessment. Additional practice and research are required to evaluate compliance with current principles. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Hansen, Abbe LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20232
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
bankrätt, finansrätt, civilrätt
language
Swedish
id
9142640
date added to LUP
2024-02-02 12:10:12
date last changed
2024-02-02 12:10:12
@misc{9142640,
  abstract     = {{To enhance the utilization of digital payment services, such as BankID, within the European Union (EU), the second Payment Services Directive (PSD2) was introduced in 2015. In Sweden, PSD2 was implemented through the addition of Chapter 5a in the Act (2010:751) on Payment Services. A fundamental rule is that a payment service provider is obligated to restore the user's account in the case of unauthorized transactions, with certain exceptions. According to Chapter 5a, Section 3, if a consumer causes a transaction due to gross negligence, they may be liable to cover up to 12,000 SEK. In cases of particularly blameworthy conduct, the consumer may be held responsible for the entire lost amount. The concepts of gross negligence and particularly blameworthy conduct are not clearly defined in the directive; this task is delegated to national legislators. This essay examines the Supreme Court's guiding assessment in NJA 2022 s 522 and the limited ARN practice in the field. The conclusion is that it is considered grossly negligent to disclose personal information, such as codes and credit card details, regardless of the personal circumstances or the consumer's situation. The Supreme Court's assessment can be partially traced back to the tort law's culpability assessment under Chapter 2, Section 1 of the Tort Liability Act concerning consideration of personal circumstances and the standard of care.
Chapter 5a of the Payment Services Act is of a consumer protection nature. This essay examines how the assessment under Chapter 5a, Section 3 interacts with consumer protection principles in both Sweden and the EU. Despite the absence of specific rules for consumer protection, there is an apparent duty of financial service providers to provide information to consumers. The EU Commission and the Financial Supervisory Authority emphasize the need for increased care towards consumers, especially for individuals having difficulty adapting to technological developments, such as elderly persons. The conclusion is that age is a significant factor, even in ARN practice. Regarding the duty to inform, it is only evident in one case that the payment service provider's warnings to the consumer have been valuable in the assessment. Additional practice and research are required to evaluate compliance with current principles.}},
  author       = {{Hansen, Abbe}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Betaltjänstlagen och konsumentskyddet - Kan farmor känna sig trygg när bedragaren varit framme?}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}