Anonyma vittnen - Ett sätt att öka rättstryggheten i kampen mot den organiserade brottsligheten?
(2023) LAGF03 20232Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- De senaste åren har den organiserade brottslighet i Sverige ökat markant. Landet pekas ut som skräckexempel i världen och antalet skjutningar och sprängningar ökar år för år. Samtidigt finns en utbredd tystnadskultur där allt färre svenskar vågar vittna mot den tilltalade vid ett misstänkt brott på grund av rädsla för hot och repressalier. Mot bakgrund av den otrygghet många känner i dagens samhälle kan slutsatsen dras att samhällets rättstrygghet, en av grundpelarna i en fungerande rättsstat, avsevärt minskat.
Syftet med denna uppsats är att utreda om ett lagreglerat system med anonyma vittnen skulle bidra till en ökad rättstrygghet, dels för vittnen, dels för samhället i förhållande till gängkriminaliteten. För att kunna utreda frågan... (More) - De senaste åren har den organiserade brottslighet i Sverige ökat markant. Landet pekas ut som skräckexempel i världen och antalet skjutningar och sprängningar ökar år för år. Samtidigt finns en utbredd tystnadskultur där allt färre svenskar vågar vittna mot den tilltalade vid ett misstänkt brott på grund av rädsla för hot och repressalier. Mot bakgrund av den otrygghet många känner i dagens samhälle kan slutsatsen dras att samhällets rättstrygghet, en av grundpelarna i en fungerande rättsstat, avsevärt minskat.
Syftet med denna uppsats är att utreda om ett lagreglerat system med anonyma vittnen skulle bidra till en ökad rättstrygghet, dels för vittnen, dels för samhället i förhållande till gängkriminaliteten. För att kunna utreda frågan har det i arbetet först lagts fokus på grundläggande straffrättsliga principer och nuvarande vittneslagstiftning. På så vis ges en bakgrund till ämnet medan de principer som skulle påverkas av en ny reglering klargörs. Därefter går uppsatsen igenom hur införandet av liknande regleringar sett ut i andra nordiska länder samt hur Europadomstolen ställt sig till anonyma vittnen i olika rättsfall. Genom att få detta externa perspektiv på hur regleringar kan se ut och hur den tillämpats kan slutsatser dras över hur lagen skulle implementeras i Sverige. Slutligen har Sveriges nuvarande läge kartlagts genom brottsstatistik, rapporter från Brå och Polismyndigheten samt statliga offentliga utredningar om anonyma vittnen. Den information som framställts i detta avsnitt är nödvändig för att belysa det nuvarande rättstrygghetsläget och hur staten tidigare sett på anonyma vittnen.
Frågeställningen har utretts genom en rättsdogmatisk och en rättsanalytisk metod. Mot bakgrund av det som framlagts är uppsatsens slutsats att en reglering med anonyma vittnen skulle öka rättstryggheten, både för vittnen och för samhället i stort gällande gängbrottsligheten. De direkta effekterna skulle sannolikt inte vara betydande men de skulle bidra till en utveckling i rätt riktning samt till eventuella positiva indirekta effekter såsom ett upplösande av tystnadskulturen. (Less) - Abstract
- In recent years, organized crime in Sweden has grown significantly. The country is pointed out as a warning example in the world, while the number of shootings and explosions increases year by year. At the same time, there is a widespread culture of silence due to which many witnesses do not dare to testify against the accused in the event of a suspected crime, partly out of a strong fear of threats and reprisals. In light of the insecurity many feel in today's society, the conclusion can be drawn that Sweden’s legal security, one of the pillars of a functioning rule of law society, has significantly decreased.
The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether a legally regulated system with anonymous witnesses would contribute to an... (More) - In recent years, organized crime in Sweden has grown significantly. The country is pointed out as a warning example in the world, while the number of shootings and explosions increases year by year. At the same time, there is a widespread culture of silence due to which many witnesses do not dare to testify against the accused in the event of a suspected crime, partly out of a strong fear of threats and reprisals. In light of the insecurity many feel in today's society, the conclusion can be drawn that Sweden’s legal security, one of the pillars of a functioning rule of law society, has significantly decreased.
The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether a legally regulated system with anonymous witnesses would contribute to an increased legal security, both for witnesses and for society in relation to gang-related crime. In order to investigate the question, the text first focuses on basic principles of Swedish criminal law and current witness legislation. This provides a background to the subject while clarifying the principles that would be affected by a new regulation. Furthermore, the essay reviews the introduction of similar regulations in other Nordic countries and how the European Court of Justice has dealt with anonymous witnesses in various court cases. By gaining a broader perspective regarding how the regulations look in other countries and how they have been applied conclusions can be drawn about how the law should be implemented in Sweden. Finally, Sweden's current situation has been mapped through crime statistics, reports from Brå and The Swedish Police Authority, and governmental public inquiries on anonymous witnesses. The information presented in this section is necessary to illustrate the current state of legal certainty and how a regulation of anonymous witnesses previously has been viewed by the government.
The question was investigated through a legal dogmatic and a legal analytical method. Considering what was presented, the thesis concludes that a regulation with anonymous witnesses would increase legal security, both for witnesses and for society in general regarding gang crime. The direct effects would most likely not be very extensive, but they would contribute to a development in the right direction as well as positive indirect effects such as con-tributing to breaking down the culture of silence. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9143063
- author
- Rudbeck, Ebba LU
- supervisor
-
- Karol Nowak LU
- organization
- course
- LAGF03 20232
- year
- 2023
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- Anonyma vittnen, straffrätt, straffprocessrätt, rättstrygghet, gängkriminalitet, organiserad brottslighet, art 8 EKMR, art 6 EKMR, Law and political science
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9143063
- date added to LUP
- 2024-02-02 12:28:44
- date last changed
- 2024-02-02 12:28:44
@misc{9143063,
abstract = {{In recent years, organized crime in Sweden has grown significantly. The country is pointed out as a warning example in the world, while the number of shootings and explosions increases year by year. At the same time, there is a widespread culture of silence due to which many witnesses do not dare to testify against the accused in the event of a suspected crime, partly out of a strong fear of threats and reprisals. In light of the insecurity many feel in today's society, the conclusion can be drawn that Sweden’s legal security, one of the pillars of a functioning rule of law society, has significantly decreased.
The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether a legally regulated system with anonymous witnesses would contribute to an increased legal security, both for witnesses and for society in relation to gang-related crime. In order to investigate the question, the text first focuses on basic principles of Swedish criminal law and current witness legislation. This provides a background to the subject while clarifying the principles that would be affected by a new regulation. Furthermore, the essay reviews the introduction of similar regulations in other Nordic countries and how the European Court of Justice has dealt with anonymous witnesses in various court cases. By gaining a broader perspective regarding how the regulations look in other countries and how they have been applied conclusions can be drawn about how the law should be implemented in Sweden. Finally, Sweden's current situation has been mapped through crime statistics, reports from Brå and The Swedish Police Authority, and governmental public inquiries on anonymous witnesses. The information presented in this section is necessary to illustrate the current state of legal certainty and how a regulation of anonymous witnesses previously has been viewed by the government.
The question was investigated through a legal dogmatic and a legal analytical method. Considering what was presented, the thesis concludes that a regulation with anonymous witnesses would increase legal security, both for witnesses and for society in general regarding gang crime. The direct effects would most likely not be very extensive, but they would contribute to a development in the right direction as well as positive indirect effects such as con-tributing to breaking down the culture of silence.}},
author = {{Rudbeck, Ebba}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Anonyma vittnen - Ett sätt att öka rättstryggheten i kampen mot den organiserade brottsligheten?}},
year = {{2023}},
}