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Barn i domstol – proportionerlig åtgärd eller förhastad nödlösning? En undersökning av 2023 års ändring i bevistaleinstitutet utifrån ett barnrättsperspektiv

Rosén, Julia LU (2024) LAGF03 20241
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Den svenska straffmyndighetsåldern innebär att barn under 15 år som begår brott inte kan dömas till någon påföljd. Det finns däremot en process vid namn bevistalan som kan pröva om ett barn under 15 har begått ett allvarligt brott. Denna återfinns i 38 § LUL. Bevistalans syfte vid dess tillkomst var att ge barnavårdsorganen ett gott underlag för deras arbete.
1 juli 2023 trädde en lagändring i kraft som väsentligen ändrade förutsättning-arna för att en bevistalan ska väckas, bland annat för att bättre tillgodose sam-hällets och brottsoffrets intresse. Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka änd-ringen utifrån lagtext, förarbeten och rättsfall. Metoden för denna uppsats är den rättsdogmatiska. Eftersom denna process påverkar barn ska... (More)
Den svenska straffmyndighetsåldern innebär att barn under 15 år som begår brott inte kan dömas till någon påföljd. Det finns däremot en process vid namn bevistalan som kan pröva om ett barn under 15 har begått ett allvarligt brott. Denna återfinns i 38 § LUL. Bevistalans syfte vid dess tillkomst var att ge barnavårdsorganen ett gott underlag för deras arbete.
1 juli 2023 trädde en lagändring i kraft som väsentligen ändrade förutsättning-arna för att en bevistalan ska väckas, bland annat för att bättre tillgodose sam-hällets och brottsoffrets intresse. Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka änd-ringen utifrån lagtext, förarbeten och rättsfall. Metoden för denna uppsats är den rättsdogmatiska. Eftersom denna process påverkar barn ska därefter änd-ringen analyseras utifrån barnkonventionens principer om barnets bästa och en barnvänlig straffprocess. Uppsatsen har därför ett barnrättsperspektiv och kritik mot ändringen lyfts inom detta perspektiv.
Det huvudsakliga syftet med ändringen av 38 § LUL var att bevistalan ska väckas i fler fall. Genom att undersöka mängden bevistaleprocesser som med-delats innan och efter ändringen kan sägas att det har skett en avsevärd ökning i mängden bevistaleprocesser. Även andra ändringar går att notera – däribland en ny presumtionsregel, en ändrad initiativrätt och sänkta krav på vilka åkla-gare som får föra bevistalan.
Vare sig ändringen överensstämmer med barnkonventionen kommer uppsat-sen fram till följande slutsats. Lagstiftaren har inte tydligt nog redogjort för hur de anser att ändringen tillgodoser varken principen om barnets bästa eller kravet i den barnvänliga straffprocessen om att icke-straffmyndiga barn bör behandlas utanför domstol. (Less)
Abstract
The Swedish age of criminal responsibility means that children under 15 who commit offences cannot be sentenced to any penalty. There is, however, a process in § 38 LUL that can determine whether a child under 15 has commit-ted a serious crime, called an evidentiary proceeding. At the time of its crea-tion, the purpose of an evidentiary proceeding was to provide the child wel-fare authorities with comprehensive information for which they could base further treatment on.
On 1 July 2023, a significant amendment in § 38 LUL entered into force that substantially changed the conditions for bringing such a case to the court, in part to better serve the interests of society and victims. This paper aims to ex-amine the amendment through the legal... (More)
The Swedish age of criminal responsibility means that children under 15 who commit offences cannot be sentenced to any penalty. There is, however, a process in § 38 LUL that can determine whether a child under 15 has commit-ted a serious crime, called an evidentiary proceeding. At the time of its crea-tion, the purpose of an evidentiary proceeding was to provide the child wel-fare authorities with comprehensive information for which they could base further treatment on.
On 1 July 2023, a significant amendment in § 38 LUL entered into force that substantially changed the conditions for bringing such a case to the court, in part to better serve the interests of society and victims. This paper aims to ex-amine the amendment through the legal text, legislative history, and court cas-es. The methodology of this paper is the legal-dogmatic one. Since this pro-cess affects children, the amendment will then be analysed from the perspec-tive of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child's principles on the child’s best interests and child-friendly justice. The paper therefore has a chil-dren’s rights perspective and criticism of the amendment is raised within this perspective.
The main intention of the amendment to § 38 LUL was to increase the num-ber of evidentiary proceedings brought to the court. By examining the amount of evidentiary proceedings handled before and after the amendment, this has happened. Other changes can also be noted - including a new presumption rule, a change in who can initiate a proceeding, and different requirements for the prosecutor handling the case.
Whether or not the amendment complies with the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the paper comes to the following conclusion. The legislator has not sufficiently explained how they have considered that the amendment fulfils either the principle of the child’s best interest or child-friendly justice. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Rosén, Julia LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20241
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
processrätt, straffrätt, bevistalan, barnrättsperspektivet, barnets bästa, barnvänlig straffprocess, barnrätt
language
Swedish
id
9153456
date added to LUP
2024-06-26 12:16:12
date last changed
2024-06-26 12:16:12
@misc{9153456,
  abstract     = {{The Swedish age of criminal responsibility means that children under 15 who commit offences cannot be sentenced to any penalty. There is, however, a process in § 38 LUL that can determine whether a child under 15 has commit-ted a serious crime, called an evidentiary proceeding. At the time of its crea-tion, the purpose of an evidentiary proceeding was to provide the child wel-fare authorities with comprehensive information for which they could base further treatment on.
On 1 July 2023, a significant amendment in § 38 LUL entered into force that substantially changed the conditions for bringing such a case to the court, in part to better serve the interests of society and victims. This paper aims to ex-amine the amendment through the legal text, legislative history, and court cas-es. The methodology of this paper is the legal-dogmatic one. Since this pro-cess affects children, the amendment will then be analysed from the perspec-tive of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child's principles on the child’s best interests and child-friendly justice. The paper therefore has a chil-dren’s rights perspective and criticism of the amendment is raised within this perspective.
The main intention of the amendment to § 38 LUL was to increase the num-ber of evidentiary proceedings brought to the court. By examining the amount of evidentiary proceedings handled before and after the amendment, this has happened. Other changes can also be noted - including a new presumption rule, a change in who can initiate a proceeding, and different requirements for the prosecutor handling the case.
Whether or not the amendment complies with the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the paper comes to the following conclusion. The legislator has not sufficiently explained how they have considered that the amendment fulfils either the principle of the child’s best interest or child-friendly justice.}},
  author       = {{Rosén, Julia}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Barn i domstol – proportionerlig åtgärd eller förhastad nödlösning? En undersökning av 2023 års ändring i bevistaleinstitutet utifrån ett barnrättsperspektiv}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}