I lagens trygga famn? Skyddet för föräldralediga och gravida enligt två regelverk
(2025) HARH16 20242Department of Business Law
- Abstract
- The purpose of this thesis is to examine how the Discrimination Act and the Parental Leave Act protect individuals on parental leave and pregnant women from discrimination and disadvantageous treatment, as well as how these laws interact. It also aims to analyze the Swedish Labour Court's application of the concept of comparison in the Parental Leave Act and the requirement of a comparable situation under the Discrimination Act, investigating any
differences in their application.
It is concluded that pregnant women are protected against gender discrimination through the EU case Dekker, which has been incorporated into Swedish legal practice. In 2006, a gender-neutral prohibition against disadvantageous treatment was introduced into the... (More) - The purpose of this thesis is to examine how the Discrimination Act and the Parental Leave Act protect individuals on parental leave and pregnant women from discrimination and disadvantageous treatment, as well as how these laws interact. It also aims to analyze the Swedish Labour Court's application of the concept of comparison in the Parental Leave Act and the requirement of a comparable situation under the Discrimination Act, investigating any
differences in their application.
It is concluded that pregnant women are protected against gender discrimination through the EU case Dekker, which has been incorporated into Swedish legal practice. In 2006, a gender-neutral prohibition against disadvantageous treatment was introduced into the Parental Leave Act, covering all individuals on parental leave, including pregnant women. Both laws are not always invoked in cases of disadvantageous treatment of pregnant women. One of the reasons for this is that it remains challenging to determine whether an employer's decision is based on the pregnancy or the parental leave. Furthermore, it is argued in the thesis that the protections are not equivalent, as the Parental Leave Act includes an exemption clause, while the Discrimination Act is nearly absolute in nature.
Although a comparison is not explicitly required under the Parental Leave Act, the essay shows that the Labor Court’s construction of comparisons is carried out in a manner similar to that used under the Discrimination Act. The construction typically depends on the type of employer
decision in question. However, the unique position of employees on parental leave in the labor market poses certain challenges in its application. Finally, it is argued that the Labor Court’s lack of detailed reasoning makes it difficult to fully understand why the application of comparisons has varied across cases concerning the Parental Leave Act. (Less) - Abstract (Swedish)
- Uppsatsen syftar till att undersöka hur diskrimineringslagen (2008:567) och föräldraledighetslagen (1995:584) skyddar föräldralediga och gravida mot diskriminering och missgynnade samt hur dessa regelverk samverkar. Vidare utreds också Arbetsdomstolens tillämpning av jämförelse i föräldraledighetslagen och rekvisitet jämförbar situation i diskrimineringslagen. En analys av eventuella skillnader i deras tillämpning görs även.
Det framgår att gravida kvinnor skyddas mot könsdiskriminering enligt EU-målet Dekker, vilket har införlivats i svensk rättspraxis. År 2006 infördes ett könsneutralt missgynnandeförbud i föräldraledighetslagen vilket omfattar föräldralediga, inklusive gravida. Detta innebär dock inte alltid att båda lagarna åberopas... (More) - Uppsatsen syftar till att undersöka hur diskrimineringslagen (2008:567) och föräldraledighetslagen (1995:584) skyddar föräldralediga och gravida mot diskriminering och missgynnade samt hur dessa regelverk samverkar. Vidare utreds också Arbetsdomstolens tillämpning av jämförelse i föräldraledighetslagen och rekvisitet jämförbar situation i diskrimineringslagen. En analys av eventuella skillnader i deras tillämpning görs även.
Det framgår att gravida kvinnor skyddas mot könsdiskriminering enligt EU-målet Dekker, vilket har införlivats i svensk rättspraxis. År 2006 infördes ett könsneutralt missgynnandeförbud i föräldraledighetslagen vilket omfattar föräldralediga, inklusive gravida. Detta innebär dock inte alltid att båda lagarna åberopas vid missgynnade av en gravid kvinna eftersom det bland annat är svårt att avgöra om arbetsgivarens beslut har grundats på graviditeten eller den kommande föräldraledigheten. Vidare argumenteras det för att skydden inte är likvärdiga, då föräldraledighetslagen innehåller en undantagsregel, medan diskrimineringslagen i princip är absolut.
Även om en jämförelse inte uttryckligen ska krävas enligt föräldraledighetslagen, visar undersökningen att Arbetsdomstolens konstruerande av jämförelse görs på liknande sätt som vid jämförelsen vid åberopande av diskrimineringslagen. Konstruerandet beror oftast på vilken
typ av arbetsgivarbeslut det gäller. Den föräldraledigas särskilda position i arbetslivet medför dock vissa svårigheter i tillämpningen. Slutligen argumenteras det för att Arbetsdomstolens bristande motiveringar gör det svårt att fullt ut förstå varför tillämpningen av jämförelse har varierat mellan domarna där föräldraledighetslagen åberopats. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9180692
- author
- Danielsson, Linn LU and Scotte, Vendela LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- HARH16 20242
- year
- 2025
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- Föräldraledighet, Graviditet, Missgynnande, Diskriminering, Föräldraledighetslagen, Diskrimineringslagen, Jämförbar situation, Jämförelse, Arbetsdomstolen, Nödvändig följd, Likvärdigt skydd
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9180692
- date added to LUP
- 2025-01-16 13:36:27
- date last changed
- 2025-01-16 13:36:27
@misc{9180692,
abstract = {{The purpose of this thesis is to examine how the Discrimination Act and the Parental Leave Act protect individuals on parental leave and pregnant women from discrimination and disadvantageous treatment, as well as how these laws interact. It also aims to analyze the Swedish Labour Court's application of the concept of comparison in the Parental Leave Act and the requirement of a comparable situation under the Discrimination Act, investigating any
differences in their application.
It is concluded that pregnant women are protected against gender discrimination through the EU case Dekker, which has been incorporated into Swedish legal practice. In 2006, a gender-neutral prohibition against disadvantageous treatment was introduced into the Parental Leave Act, covering all individuals on parental leave, including pregnant women. Both laws are not always invoked in cases of disadvantageous treatment of pregnant women. One of the reasons for this is that it remains challenging to determine whether an employer's decision is based on the pregnancy or the parental leave. Furthermore, it is argued in the thesis that the protections are not equivalent, as the Parental Leave Act includes an exemption clause, while the Discrimination Act is nearly absolute in nature.
Although a comparison is not explicitly required under the Parental Leave Act, the essay shows that the Labor Court’s construction of comparisons is carried out in a manner similar to that used under the Discrimination Act. The construction typically depends on the type of employer
decision in question. However, the unique position of employees on parental leave in the labor market poses certain challenges in its application. Finally, it is argued that the Labor Court’s lack of detailed reasoning makes it difficult to fully understand why the application of comparisons has varied across cases concerning the Parental Leave Act.}},
author = {{Danielsson, Linn and Scotte, Vendela}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{I lagens trygga famn? Skyddet för föräldralediga och gravida enligt två regelverk}},
year = {{2025}},
}