Mellan barnskydd och samhällsskydd - En analys av lagförslaget om fängelse för 13-åringar som brottsförebyggande åtgärd och dess förenlighet med barnkonventionen
(2026) JURM02 20261Faculty of Law
Department of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- I proposition 2025/26:246 föreslår regeringen att straffbarhetsåldern ska sänkas till 13 år för vissa allvarliga brott. Förslaget innebär att barn i 13–14-årsåldern ska kunna dömas till fängelse. Reformen motiveras huvudsakligen av den ökade gängrelaterade brottsligheten och att allt yngre barn involveras i grova våldsbrott.
Syftet med uppsatsen är att analysera om lagförslaget om fängelse för barn i 13-årsåldern kan motiveras som en brottsförebyggande åtgärd och om det är förenligt med barnkonventionen. Uppsatsen bygger på en rättsdogmatisk metod med rättshistoriska inslag. Som teoretiska utgångspunkter används allmänprevention, individualprevention samt Herbert L. Packers crime control- och due process-modeller.
Uppsatsens analys visar... (More) - I proposition 2025/26:246 föreslår regeringen att straffbarhetsåldern ska sänkas till 13 år för vissa allvarliga brott. Förslaget innebär att barn i 13–14-årsåldern ska kunna dömas till fängelse. Reformen motiveras huvudsakligen av den ökade gängrelaterade brottsligheten och att allt yngre barn involveras i grova våldsbrott.
Syftet med uppsatsen är att analysera om lagförslaget om fängelse för barn i 13-årsåldern kan motiveras som en brottsförebyggande åtgärd och om det är förenligt med barnkonventionen. Uppsatsen bygger på en rättsdogmatisk metod med rättshistoriska inslag. Som teoretiska utgångspunkter används allmänprevention, individualprevention samt Herbert L. Packers crime control- och due process-modeller.
Uppsatsens analys visar att lagförslaget inte kan anses vara tillräckligt välunderbyggt som brottsförebyggande åtgärd och att det står i tydlig spänning med barnkonventionens krav på barnets bästa, återanpassning och frihetsberövande som sista utväg. Den rättshistoriska genomgången visar att frihetsberövande av barn återkommande har kritiserats för bristande brottsförebyggande effekt, höga återfallstal och negativa konsekvenser för barns återanpassning. Utvecklingen från 1864 års strafflag fram till dagens reglering har i huvudsak präglats av en rörelse bort från fängelse för barn. Reformen innebär därför ett avsteg från den rättsutvecklingen.
Som en del av bedömningen av mindre ingripande alternativ visar uppsatsen att behandlingsinriktade insatser kan utgöra ett mer ändamålsenligt alternativ än fängelse för barn. Den forskning som behandlas i uppsatsen talar för att insatser såsom kognitiv beteendeterapi, familjebaserad behandling och individualiserade stödprogram har bättre förutsättningar att minska återfall än fängelse.
Packers modeller beskriver två motstående ideal inom straffrätten. Crime control-modellen betonar ett effektivt och kraftfullt straffrättsligt system, där brottsbekämpning prioriteras. Due process-modellen betonar rättssäkerhet, återhållsamhet och skyddet av den enskildes rättigheter. Genom modellerna synliggörs reformens grundläggande spänning mellan samhällsskydd och barnskydd. Reformen lutar främst mot ett crime control-orienterat synsätt, där effektiv brottsbekämpning och tydliga straffrättsliga reaktioner ges företräde. Det sker på bekostnad av ett mer due process-orienterat synsätt, där återhållsamhet och barnets rättigheter ges större betydelse. (Less) - Abstract
- In Government Bill 2025/26:246, the Swedish Government proposes lowering the age of criminal responsibility to 13 for certain serious offences. The proposal would allow children aged 13–14 to be sentenced to imprisonment. The reform is primarily justified by the increase in gang-related crime and the involvement of increasingly younger children in serious violent offences.
The purpose of this thesis is to examine whether the proposed legislation allowing imprisonment for children aged 13 can be justified as a crime-preventive measure, and whether it is compatible with the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The thesis is based on a legal dogmatic method with elements of legal historical analysis. The theoretical framework consists of... (More) - In Government Bill 2025/26:246, the Swedish Government proposes lowering the age of criminal responsibility to 13 for certain serious offences. The proposal would allow children aged 13–14 to be sentenced to imprisonment. The reform is primarily justified by the increase in gang-related crime and the involvement of increasingly younger children in serious violent offences.
The purpose of this thesis is to examine whether the proposed legislation allowing imprisonment for children aged 13 can be justified as a crime-preventive measure, and whether it is compatible with the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The thesis is based on a legal dogmatic method with elements of legal historical analysis. The theoretical framework consists of general prevention, individual prevention, and Herbert L. Packer’s crime control and due process models.
The analysis demonstrates that the proposed legislation is not sufficiently substantiated as a crime-preventive measure. It also shows that the proposal stands in clear tension with the requirements of the Convention on the Rights of the Child concerning the best interests of the child, reintegration, and deprivation of liberty as a measure of last resort. The legal historical analysis shows that the deprivation of liberty of children has repeatedly been criticised for its limited crime-preventive effects, high recidivism rates, and negative consequences for children’s reintegration. From the Penal Code of 1864 to the present legal framework, Swedish law has largely developed in a direction away from the imprisonment of children. The proposed reform therefore constitutes a departure from that legal development.
As part of the assessment of less intrusive alternatives, the thesis shows that treatment-oriented measures may constitute a more appropriate alternative than imprisonment for children. The research examined in the thesis suggests that interventions such as cognitive behavioural therapy, family-based treatment, and individualised support programmes have better prospects of reducing recidivism than imprisonment.
Packer’s models describe two opposing ideals within criminal law. The crime control model emphasises an efficient and robust criminal justice system, in which effective crime control is prioritised. The due process model emphasises the rule of law, restraint, and the protection of individual rights. Through these models, the fundamental tension between societal protection and the protection of children’s rights is brought to light. The reform primarily reflects a crime control-oriented approach, where effective crime control and clear penal responses are prioritised. This occurs at the expense of a more due process-oriented perspective, in which restraint and the rights of the child are given greater significance. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9226966
- author
- Osman, Jenin LU
- supervisor
-
- Karol Nowak LU
- organization
- alternative title
- Between child protection and public protection - an analysis of the legislative proposal on imprisonment for 13-year-olds as a crime prevention measure and its compatibility with the Convention on the Rights of the Child
- course
- JURM02 20261
- year
- 2026
- type
- H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
- subject
- keywords
- Straffrätt
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9226966
- date added to LUP
- 2026-06-15 09:28:00
- date last changed
- 2026-06-15 09:28:00
@misc{9226966,
abstract = {{In Government Bill 2025/26:246, the Swedish Government proposes lowering the age of criminal responsibility to 13 for certain serious offences. The proposal would allow children aged 13–14 to be sentenced to imprisonment. The reform is primarily justified by the increase in gang-related crime and the involvement of increasingly younger children in serious violent offences.
The purpose of this thesis is to examine whether the proposed legislation allowing imprisonment for children aged 13 can be justified as a crime-preventive measure, and whether it is compatible with the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The thesis is based on a legal dogmatic method with elements of legal historical analysis. The theoretical framework consists of general prevention, individual prevention, and Herbert L. Packer’s crime control and due process models.
The analysis demonstrates that the proposed legislation is not sufficiently substantiated as a crime-preventive measure. It also shows that the proposal stands in clear tension with the requirements of the Convention on the Rights of the Child concerning the best interests of the child, reintegration, and deprivation of liberty as a measure of last resort. The legal historical analysis shows that the deprivation of liberty of children has repeatedly been criticised for its limited crime-preventive effects, high recidivism rates, and negative consequences for children’s reintegration. From the Penal Code of 1864 to the present legal framework, Swedish law has largely developed in a direction away from the imprisonment of children. The proposed reform therefore constitutes a departure from that legal development.
As part of the assessment of less intrusive alternatives, the thesis shows that treatment-oriented measures may constitute a more appropriate alternative than imprisonment for children. The research examined in the thesis suggests that interventions such as cognitive behavioural therapy, family-based treatment, and individualised support programmes have better prospects of reducing recidivism than imprisonment.
Packer’s models describe two opposing ideals within criminal law. The crime control model emphasises an efficient and robust criminal justice system, in which effective crime control is prioritised. The due process model emphasises the rule of law, restraint, and the protection of individual rights. Through these models, the fundamental tension between societal protection and the protection of children’s rights is brought to light. The reform primarily reflects a crime control-oriented approach, where effective crime control and clear penal responses are prioritised. This occurs at the expense of a more due process-oriented perspective, in which restraint and the rights of the child are given greater significance.}},
author = {{Osman, Jenin}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Mellan barnskydd och samhällsskydd - En analys av lagförslaget om fängelse för 13-åringar som brottsförebyggande åtgärd och dess förenlighet med barnkonventionen}},
year = {{2026}},
}