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X-Ray Techniques for Aerosol Sulfur Baseline Assessment Along an Urban Freeway

Akselsson, Roland LU ; Hardy, Ken A ; Desaedeler, Georges G ; Winchester, John W ; Berg, Walter W ; Vandeer Wood, Timothy B ; Nelson, J William ; Spiller, L L and Wilson, W E (1976) In Advances in X-Ray Analysis 19. p.415-425
Abstract
Atmospheric aerosol particles have been sampled near a Los Angeles freeway and analyzed by proton-induced X-ray emission, PIXE, as a sulfur baseline study in September 1974 before 1975-model automobiles, equipped with catalytic emission control devices, appeared in large numbers. The sampling plan was optimized according to the requirements of X-ray analysis techniques, fluctuations in air flow across the freeway, and the time and particle size resolution of the aerosol sampling equipment. During five selected two-hour intervals with cross wind conditions, particles were collected as a function of size by six cascade impactors operating simultaneously on three towers at 2 and 7 meters above road level 35 meters upwind and 35 meters... (More)
Atmospheric aerosol particles have been sampled near a Los Angeles freeway and analyzed by proton-induced X-ray emission, PIXE, as a sulfur baseline study in September 1974 before 1975-model automobiles, equipped with catalytic emission control devices, appeared in large numbers. The sampling plan was optimized according to the requirements of X-ray analysis techniques, fluctuations in air flow across the freeway, and the time and particle size resolution of the aerosol sampling equipment. During five selected two-hour intervals with cross wind conditions, particles were collected as a function of size by six cascade impactors operating simultaneously on three towers at 2 and 7 meters above road level 35 meters upwind and 35 meters downwind of the traffic lanes. Particles as a function of time were sampled continuously, for the 100-hour duration of the experiment, from the tree 7-meter heights using time series streaker filter samplers with two-hour time resolution. Precise analysis of S, Cl, K, Ca, Fe, Br, and Pb established relationships which permit estimates to be made of future increases in particulate sulfur as a consequence of increased sulfate emissions from catalytic automobiles (Less)
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author
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
urban aerosol, PIXE, particle size fraction, elemental composition, time resolution
in
Advances in X-Ray Analysis
volume
19
pages
415 - 425
publisher
International Centre for Diffraction Data
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
The information about affiliations in this record was updated in December 2015. The record was previously connected to the following departments: Nuclear Physics (Faculty of Technology) (011013007), Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology (011025002)
id
15c7da2a-2cb3-43e5-97df-0aecd206e64b (old id 2154178)
date added to LUP
2016-04-04 09:57:24
date last changed
2018-11-21 20:55:52
@article{15c7da2a-2cb3-43e5-97df-0aecd206e64b,
  abstract     = {{Atmospheric aerosol particles have been sampled near a Los Angeles freeway and analyzed by proton-induced X-ray emission, PIXE, as a sulfur baseline study in September 1974 before 1975-model automobiles, equipped with catalytic emission control devices, appeared in large numbers. The sampling plan was optimized according to the requirements of X-ray analysis techniques, fluctuations in air flow across the freeway, and the time and particle size resolution of the aerosol sampling equipment. During five selected two-hour intervals with cross wind conditions, particles were collected as a function of size by six cascade impactors operating simultaneously on three towers at 2 and 7 meters above road level 35 meters upwind and 35 meters downwind of the traffic lanes. Particles as a function of time were sampled continuously, for the 100-hour duration of the experiment, from the tree 7-meter heights using time series streaker filter samplers with two-hour time resolution. Precise analysis of S, Cl, K, Ca, Fe, Br, and Pb established relationships which permit estimates to be made of future increases in particulate sulfur as a consequence of increased sulfate emissions from catalytic automobiles}},
  author       = {{Akselsson, Roland and Hardy, Ken A and Desaedeler, Georges G and Winchester, John W and Berg, Walter W and Vandeer Wood, Timothy B and Nelson, J William and Spiller, L L and Wilson, W E}},
  keywords     = {{urban aerosol; PIXE; particle size fraction; elemental composition; time resolution}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{415--425}},
  publisher    = {{International Centre for Diffraction Data}},
  series       = {{Advances in X-Ray Analysis}},
  title        = {{X-Ray Techniques for Aerosol Sulfur Baseline Assessment Along an Urban Freeway}},
  volume       = {{19}},
  year         = {{1976}},
}