Energieffektivisering av växelvärmeanläggningar - Problembeskrivning och förslag till effektiviseringar
(2012)Programmes in Helesingborg
- Abstract
- In recent years the railway has received a lot of negative publicity thanks to the large amount of delay hours that occurs during winter conditions and especially at snowfall.
In our railway network, the points are the most targeted problem components were snow and ice cause the most problems. Due to its moving parts and low tolerances for disorder, a few millimeters of gap between the rails is enough for the signalling system to indicate error.
In the switches, heating systems are being installed to heat the rails and to prevent snow from turning into blocks in the narrow spaces between the stock rail and the moving point blade. However, blocks of ice that is formed under the vehicle may fall off, due to the lateral forces that affect the... (More) - In recent years the railway has received a lot of negative publicity thanks to the large amount of delay hours that occurs during winter conditions and especially at snowfall.
In our railway network, the points are the most targeted problem components were snow and ice cause the most problems. Due to its moving parts and low tolerances for disorder, a few millimeters of gap between the rails is enough for the signalling system to indicate error.
In the switches, heating systems are being installed to heat the rails and to prevent snow from turning into blocks in the narrow spaces between the stock rail and the moving point blade. However, blocks of ice that is formed under the vehicle may fall off, due to the lateral forces that affect the vehicle, when driving through points. These blocks of ice prevents the actuators capability to divert the switch even when the point heat, despite of its high energy consumption, only has the capacity to melt the snow that falls from the sky and not the blocks of ice.
In recent years point heating has been identified as an area where significant energy efficient improvement can be made. The purpose of this thesis was to locate possible areas that could be more efficient and alternative methods to de-ice. To become more observed in the problem we sent out a survey to managers, manufacturers, designers and other specialists in the subject. From the survey, we also got informed where the development potential and future changes are. Many players and innovators have begun to study alternative methods to melt the snow and ice that ends up in the switches. This involves preventing snow and ice to get into track switches but also other ways to melt or remove it. We present methods that we found interesting in this thesis. A laboratory experiment was conducted at the Railway School in Ängelholm on how to with simple methods increase the efficiency of today's switch heating systems at the elements. By changing the method of mounting the electrical elements, we increased the efficiency of a point heating system by eight percent. WE believe that this in the future can be further improved with various combinations of the mounting methods we present in this thesis.
To increase efficiency in the existing switch heating systems according to energy, there are three different levels to do so on. One way is to ensure that control systems will activate the heating system only when necessary to avoid unnecessary operation. The transfer of heat energy to the rails can be more effective so that energy is used the best. The used energy doesn´t need not be electrical energy, but can be generated from geothermal energy. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/2970141
- author
- Jönsson, Anders and Järkell, Martin
- organization
- year
- 2012
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- växelvärmesystem, spårväxel, energieffektivisering, energiförluster, styrsystem, vinterproblem
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 2970141
- date added to LUP
- 2012-08-10 00:00:00
- date last changed
- 2018-10-18 10:22:33
@misc{2970141,
abstract = {{In recent years the railway has received a lot of negative publicity thanks to the large amount of delay hours that occurs during winter conditions and especially at snowfall.
In our railway network, the points are the most targeted problem components were snow and ice cause the most problems. Due to its moving parts and low tolerances for disorder, a few millimeters of gap between the rails is enough for the signalling system to indicate error.
In the switches, heating systems are being installed to heat the rails and to prevent snow from turning into blocks in the narrow spaces between the stock rail and the moving point blade. However, blocks of ice that is formed under the vehicle may fall off, due to the lateral forces that affect the vehicle, when driving through points. These blocks of ice prevents the actuators capability to divert the switch even when the point heat, despite of its high energy consumption, only has the capacity to melt the snow that falls from the sky and not the blocks of ice.
In recent years point heating has been identified as an area where significant energy efficient improvement can be made. The purpose of this thesis was to locate possible areas that could be more efficient and alternative methods to de-ice. To become more observed in the problem we sent out a survey to managers, manufacturers, designers and other specialists in the subject. From the survey, we also got informed where the development potential and future changes are. Many players and innovators have begun to study alternative methods to melt the snow and ice that ends up in the switches. This involves preventing snow and ice to get into track switches but also other ways to melt or remove it. We present methods that we found interesting in this thesis. A laboratory experiment was conducted at the Railway School in Ängelholm on how to with simple methods increase the efficiency of today's switch heating systems at the elements. By changing the method of mounting the electrical elements, we increased the efficiency of a point heating system by eight percent. WE believe that this in the future can be further improved with various combinations of the mounting methods we present in this thesis.
To increase efficiency in the existing switch heating systems according to energy, there are three different levels to do so on. One way is to ensure that control systems will activate the heating system only when necessary to avoid unnecessary operation. The transfer of heat energy to the rails can be more effective so that energy is used the best. The used energy doesn´t need not be electrical energy, but can be generated from geothermal energy.}},
author = {{Jönsson, Anders and Järkell, Martin}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Energieffektivisering av växelvärmeanläggningar - Problembeskrivning och förslag till effektiviseringar}},
year = {{2012}},
}