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Organiserad brottslighet som straffskärpningsgrund - Leder skärpta straff för brott i kriminella nätverk till minskad brottslighet?

Zein, Zeinab LU (2022) JURM02 20221
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Organiserad brottslighet har under de senaste åren varit en viktig kriminalpolitisk fråga och är det än idag. Media rapporterar frekvent om skjutningar kopplade till hämndaktioner i den kriminella miljön, problem i de utsatta områdena, mord som inte går att klara upp samt företag som förskingrat miljonbelopp. Det ska nämnas att den organiserade brottsligheten har bytt skepnad genom tiderna. Mångsidigheten i begreppet gör det svårt att hitta strategier för att bekämpa den organiserade brottsligheten och arbetet mot den organiserade brottsligheten har varierat genom tiderna, dock kvarstår det. Under senare år har ett flertal straffskärpningar vidtagits med hänsyn till den organiserade brottsligheten. År 2020 beslutade regeringen att... (More)
Organiserad brottslighet har under de senaste åren varit en viktig kriminalpolitisk fråga och är det än idag. Media rapporterar frekvent om skjutningar kopplade till hämndaktioner i den kriminella miljön, problem i de utsatta områdena, mord som inte går att klara upp samt företag som förskingrat miljonbelopp. Det ska nämnas att den organiserade brottsligheten har bytt skepnad genom tiderna. Mångsidigheten i begreppet gör det svårt att hitta strategier för att bekämpa den organiserade brottsligheten och arbetet mot den organiserade brottsligheten har varierat genom tiderna, dock kvarstår det. Under senare år har ett flertal straffskärpningar vidtagits med hänsyn till den organiserade brottsligheten. År 2020 beslutade regeringen att tillkalla en särskild utredning som i augusti 2021 presenterande ett betänkande i form av en statlig offentlig utredning, SOU 2021:68 Skärpta straff mot brott i kriminella nätverk. Utredningen föreslår ett antal ändringar i strafflagstiftningen, dels förslag om ändringar av straffskalor och införande av nya bestämmelser dels ändringar och införande av kvalifikationsgrunder för vissa bestämmelser.

Uppsatsen syftar till att analysera hur lagförslagen i betänkandet förhåller sig till olika grundläggande straffrättsliga principer och ideologier samt vilken åtgärd som kan anses skäligast. För att uppnå syftet med uppsatsen besvaras bla. följande frågeställningar: Är förslagen i utredningen förenliga med straffrättsliga principer och ideologier? Samt om gängbrottsproblematiken är en fråga för juridiken? I den kriminologiska litteratur framstår problematiken med kriminella nätverk och gängbrottslighet som något som gror ur sociala faktorer så som ekonomi, boendesituation, segregation och skola. Samtidigt skapar den påstådda ökningen av skjutningar och sprängningar rädsla i samhället. Uppfattningen är att det genom straffskärpningar ska gå att markera allvaret i samhällssynen på brottslighet som kan hänföras till kriminella nätverk.

Betänkandet om skärpta straff för brott i kriminella nätverk står delvis i strid med en övervägande del av de nedan behandlade principer och ideologier. I enlighet med det som framgår av förarbeten och forskning är problematiken med gängbrottslighet i första hand inte ett problem som går att straffa bort genom skärpta straffskalor och nykriminaliseringar. Slutsatsen gällande frågan huruvida gängbrottslighet är en fråga för juridiken diskuteras mot bakgrund av den kritik som framförts och andra åtgärder som i första hand anses kunna behandla nyss nämnda problematik. (Less)
Abstract
Organized crime has been an important criminal policy issue in recent years and remains an important issue today. The media frequently reports on shootings linked to retaliation in the criminal environment, problems in the vulnerable areas, murders that cannot be solved and companies that have cheated millions of dollars. It is said that organized crime is a phenomenon that has changed shape over the years. The versatility of the term makes it difficult to find strategies to combat organized crime, the work against organized crime has varied over time but the problem remains. In recent years, several punitive measures have been introduced with regard to organized crime. In 2020, the Government decided to call for a special inquiry, which... (More)
Organized crime has been an important criminal policy issue in recent years and remains an important issue today. The media frequently reports on shootings linked to retaliation in the criminal environment, problems in the vulnerable areas, murders that cannot be solved and companies that have cheated millions of dollars. It is said that organized crime is a phenomenon that has changed shape over the years. The versatility of the term makes it difficult to find strategies to combat organized crime, the work against organized crime has varied over time but the problem remains. In recent years, several punitive measures have been introduced with regard to organized crime. In 2020, the Government decided to call for a special inquiry, which in August 2021 presented a report in the form of a state public inquiry, SOU 2021:68 Increased penalties against crimes in criminal networks. The inquiry proposes several amendments to the criminal legislation, as well as proposals for amendments to the scales of penalties and the introduction of new provisions, as well as amendments and the introduction of qualification grounds for certain provisions.

The thesis aims to analyze how the legislative proposals in the report relate to different basic criminal law principles and ideologies and what measure can be considered most reasonable. In order to achieve the purpose of the essay, the following questions among others, are answered: Are the proposals in the inquiry compatible with criminal law principles and ideologies? And if the problem of gang crimes is a matter for the law? In criminological literature, the problem of criminal networks and gang crime appears to be something that grows out of social factors such as the economy, housing situation, segregation, and school. At the same time, it is seen politically that the increase in shootings, explosions, and alignments, creates fear in society and that through penalty increase it should be possible to highlight the seriousness of the societal view of crime related to criminal networks.

The report for increased penalties for crimes in criminal networks is partly at odds with a majority of the principles and ideologies discussed below. In accordance with what is shown in the preparatory work and research, the problem of gang crime is primarily not a problem that can be punished away through stricter punishment scales and new criminalizations. The conclusion regarding the question of whether gang crime is a matter for the law is discussed in the light of the criticisms made and other measures that are primarily considered to be able to deal with the aforementioned problems. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Zein, Zeinab LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Organized crime as a basis for increased punishment - Does increased punishment for crimes in criminal networks lead to a reduction in crime?
course
JURM02 20221
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
straffrätt, criminal law
language
Swedish
id
9080475
date added to LUP
2022-06-09 12:35:57
date last changed
2022-06-09 12:35:57
@misc{9080475,
  abstract     = {{Organized crime has been an important criminal policy issue in recent years and remains an important issue today. The media frequently reports on shootings linked to retaliation in the criminal environment, problems in the vulnerable areas, murders that cannot be solved and companies that have cheated millions of dollars. It is said that organized crime is a phenomenon that has changed shape over the years. The versatility of the term makes it difficult to find strategies to combat organized crime, the work against organized crime has varied over time but the problem remains. In recent years, several punitive measures have been introduced with regard to organized crime. In 2020, the Government decided to call for a special inquiry, which in August 2021 presented a report in the form of a state public inquiry, SOU 2021:68 Increased penalties against crimes in criminal networks. The inquiry proposes several amendments to the criminal legislation, as well as proposals for amendments to the scales of penalties and the introduction of new provisions, as well as amendments and the introduction of qualification grounds for certain provisions.

The thesis aims to analyze how the legislative proposals in the report relate to different basic criminal law principles and ideologies and what measure can be considered most reasonable. In order to achieve the purpose of the essay, the following questions among others, are answered: Are the proposals in the inquiry compatible with criminal law principles and ideologies? And if the problem of gang crimes is a matter for the law? In criminological literature, the problem of criminal networks and gang crime appears to be something that grows out of social factors such as the economy, housing situation, segregation, and school. At the same time, it is seen politically that the increase in shootings, explosions, and alignments, creates fear in society and that through penalty increase it should be possible to highlight the seriousness of the societal view of crime related to criminal networks.

The report for increased penalties for crimes in criminal networks is partly at odds with a majority of the principles and ideologies discussed below. In accordance with what is shown in the preparatory work and research, the problem of gang crime is primarily not a problem that can be punished away through stricter punishment scales and new criminalizations. The conclusion regarding the question of whether gang crime is a matter for the law is discussed in the light of the criticisms made and other measures that are primarily considered to be able to deal with the aforementioned problems.}},
  author       = {{Zein, Zeinab}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Organiserad brottslighet som straffskärpningsgrund - Leder skärpta straff för brott i kriminella nätverk till minskad brottslighet?}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}