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Encrochat under mikroskop - En rättsvetenskaplig studie om rättssäkerhet och bevisvärdering

Zigovic, Johmna LU (2022) LAGF03 20222
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract
The encrypted communication service Encrochat has previously been used extensively by criminals. This was until the French police managed to decrypt the chats and access the information. Since then, Swedish authorities have had access to the data revealed in the decryption.
This essay explains what Encrochat is as well as which laws were applicable on the collection of the evidence to Swedish authorities. The usage of Encrochat as evidence as well as legal certainty and probative value is discussed. Three legal cases are presented where it has been possible to tie an alias to a physical person and therefore impose punishment.
It is stated in this essay that regardless of if whether or not the information from Encrochat was collected... (More)
The encrypted communication service Encrochat has previously been used extensively by criminals. This was until the French police managed to decrypt the chats and access the information. Since then, Swedish authorities have had access to the data revealed in the decryption.
This essay explains what Encrochat is as well as which laws were applicable on the collection of the evidence to Swedish authorities. The usage of Encrochat as evidence as well as legal certainty and probative value is discussed. Three legal cases are presented where it has been possible to tie an alias to a physical person and therefore impose punishment.
It is stated in this essay that regardless of if whether or not the information from Encrochat was collected lawfully or if it has been used in the right purpose there is nothing in current Swedish law that precludes it from being used as evidence in court. It is also stated that a probative value has not been established due to lack of ruling from The Supreme Court. Despite this it has been proven that courts have found the defendant guilty in several cases with Encrochat as main evidence.
Legal certainty is discussed from the viewpoint of Åke Frändberg and Aeksander Peczenik. Since Encrochat is new to the Swedish legal system and it does not have a predetermined probative value, the predictability is weak. Independent conclusions based on the information presented are drawn and problems that exist are specified. A critical perspective with elements of a legal development perspective is applied throughout the essay. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Den krypterade kommunikationstjänsten Encrochat har förut använts i stor omfattning inom kriminell verksamhet. Detta fram till att franska polismyndigheten lyckades dekryptera chattarna och komma åt materialet. Sedan dess har svenska brottsbekämpande myndigheter fått ta del av materialet.
I uppsatsen förklaras vad Encrochat är och hur samt med grund i vilken lag materialet har inkommit till svenska myndigheter. Vidare presenteras relevanta lagar i ämnet. Det redogörs för rättssäkerhet, bevisföring och bevisvärdering. Tre rättsfall presenteras där man i samtliga har lyckats koppla alias till fysiska personer och därmed utdöma straff.
I uppsatsen konstateras att oavsett om Encrochatmaterialet har inhämtats lagenligt eller om det använts... (More)
Den krypterade kommunikationstjänsten Encrochat har förut använts i stor omfattning inom kriminell verksamhet. Detta fram till att franska polismyndigheten lyckades dekryptera chattarna och komma åt materialet. Sedan dess har svenska brottsbekämpande myndigheter fått ta del av materialet.
I uppsatsen förklaras vad Encrochat är och hur samt med grund i vilken lag materialet har inkommit till svenska myndigheter. Vidare presenteras relevanta lagar i ämnet. Det redogörs för rättssäkerhet, bevisföring och bevisvärdering. Tre rättsfall presenteras där man i samtliga har lyckats koppla alias till fysiska personer och därmed utdöma straff.
I uppsatsen konstateras att oavsett om Encrochatmaterialet har inhämtats lagenligt eller om det använts i rätt syfte finns det ingenting i gällande rätt som hindrar material från Encrochat att läggas fram som bevisning under huvudförhandling. Det konstateras även att det inte finns ett konstaterat bevisvärde på Encrochat samt att det är komplicerat att tilldela Encrochat ett bevisvärde på grund av brist på avgöranden från Högsta domstolen. Men det har bevisats att domstolar har funnit tilltalade skyldiga i mål med Encrochat som huvudbevisning.
Rättssäkerhet diskuteras utifrån Åke Frändbergs och Aleksander Peczeniks teorier. Det konstateras att eftersom Encrochat är ett nytt fenomen för den svenska rättsliga sfären och det inte har ett förutbestämt bevisvärde är förutsebarheten svag. Självständiga slutsatser utifrån den presenterade informationen dras och problematik som föreligger preciseras i följande avhandling. Ett kritiskt perspektiv med inslag av ett rättsutvecklingsperspektiv tillämpas genomgående. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Zigovic, Johmna LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20222
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
processrätt, civil procedure, criminal procedure
language
Swedish
id
9105275
date added to LUP
2023-02-03 16:43:41
date last changed
2023-02-03 16:43:41
@misc{9105275,
  abstract     = {{The encrypted communication service Encrochat has previously been used extensively by criminals. This was until the French police managed to decrypt the chats and access the information. Since then, Swedish authorities have had access to the data revealed in the decryption. 
This essay explains what Encrochat is as well as which laws were applicable on the collection of the evidence to Swedish authorities. The usage of Encrochat as evidence as well as legal certainty and probative value is discussed. Three legal cases are presented where it has been possible to tie an alias to a physical person and therefore impose punishment. 
It is stated in this essay that regardless of if whether or not the information from Encrochat was collected lawfully or if it has been used in the right purpose there is nothing in current Swedish law that precludes it from being used as evidence in court. It is also stated that a probative value has not been established due to lack of ruling from The Supreme Court. Despite this it has been proven that courts have found the defendant guilty in several cases with Encrochat as main evidence. 
Legal certainty is discussed from the viewpoint of Åke Frändberg and Aeksander Peczenik. Since Encrochat is new to the Swedish legal system and it does not have a predetermined probative value, the predictability is weak. Independent conclusions based on the information presented are drawn and problems that exist are specified. A critical perspective with elements of a legal development perspective is applied throughout the essay.}},
  author       = {{Zigovic, Johmna}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Encrochat under mikroskop - En rättsvetenskaplig studie om rättssäkerhet och bevisvärdering}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}