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Systemhotande systematisk brottslighet – En undersökning om hur upprepade välfärdsbedrägerier i form av bidragsbrott hanteras straffrättsligt

Karlsson, Elin LU (2024) JURM02 20241
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract
The overall purpose of this essay is to investigate how repeated similar wel-fare frauds in the form of benefit crimes according to the Swedish Benefit Crimes Act (bidragsbrottslagen (2007:612)), especially when they are judged to have been systematically committed, are handled within the legal system. By investigating how the phenomenon of systematic crime is expressed, clari-fying the concept of systematics, and analyzing its application in criminal law, the study aims to highlight its importance in counting, classifying, grading, and sentencing crimes of benefit.

To investigate the effects of a systematic procedure in the case of repeated similar benefit crimes, e.g. a review of five Court of Appeal judgments is car-ried out. The... (More)
The overall purpose of this essay is to investigate how repeated similar wel-fare frauds in the form of benefit crimes according to the Swedish Benefit Crimes Act (bidragsbrottslagen (2007:612)), especially when they are judged to have been systematically committed, are handled within the legal system. By investigating how the phenomenon of systematic crime is expressed, clari-fying the concept of systematics, and analyzing its application in criminal law, the study aims to highlight its importance in counting, classifying, grading, and sentencing crimes of benefit.

To investigate the effects of a systematic procedure in the case of repeated similar benefit crimes, e.g. a review of five Court of Appeal judgments is car-ried out. The main question that is addressed is the following: In what way are repeated similar welfare frauds in the form of benefit crimes dealt with under criminal law when they are judged to have been systematically committed?

Some central conclusions of the essay are that the difficulties that the assess-ment of systematic crime entails above all arise in the case of graded crimes where systematicity is a qualifying requisite for a grade increase. Benefit crime is an example where systematicity constitutes a qualifying requisite for assessing the crime as serious. Systematic crime is characterized by crimes that are repeated similarly. These conditions are often already reflected in the fact that the perpetrator is prosecuted and punished for several similar crimes.

If every crime in a systematic procedure is also assessed as serious due to the system, the number of crimes is taken into account repetitively. Other aggra-vating circumstances, such as special planning, often relate to the entire crimi-nal activity rather than to each crime, which means that even these circum-stances are considered multiple times when each crime is placed in a higher degree of severity. The result of such an assessment is that the crime is valued in a way that does not necessarily reflect its actual blameworthiness.

For the punishment not to be disproportionately severe, some form of equali-zation is required in the subsequent penalty value assessment. In many cases, standard sentencing principles must be waived, which means that the classifi-cation of the crime is not always reflected in the penalty value that the crime is assigned. The essay clarifies that systematic crime and the concept of system-atics have a complex impact on the adjudication process of benefit crimes and emphasizes the need for a nuanced assessment to avoid disproportionate pun-ishments. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Det övergripande syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur upprepade likar-tade välfärdsbedrägerier i form av bidragsbrott enligt bidragsbrottslagen (2007:612), särskilt när de bedöms vara systematiskt begångna, hanteras inom rättssystemet. Genom att undersöka hur fenomenet systematisk brottslighet kommer till uttryck och klargöra begreppet systematik och analysera dess till-lämpning inom straffrätten, syftar studien till att belysa dess betydelse vid antalsräkning, rubricering, gradindelning och straffmätning av bidragsbrott.

För att undersöka effekterna av ett systematiskt förfaringssätt vid upprepade likartade bidragsbrott genomförs bl.a. en genomgång av fem hovrättsdomar. Huvudfrågeställningen som behandlas är följande: På vilket... (More)
Det övergripande syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur upprepade likar-tade välfärdsbedrägerier i form av bidragsbrott enligt bidragsbrottslagen (2007:612), särskilt när de bedöms vara systematiskt begångna, hanteras inom rättssystemet. Genom att undersöka hur fenomenet systematisk brottslighet kommer till uttryck och klargöra begreppet systematik och analysera dess till-lämpning inom straffrätten, syftar studien till att belysa dess betydelse vid antalsräkning, rubricering, gradindelning och straffmätning av bidragsbrott.

För att undersöka effekterna av ett systematiskt förfaringssätt vid upprepade likartade bidragsbrott genomförs bl.a. en genomgång av fem hovrättsdomar. Huvudfrågeställningen som behandlas är följande: På vilket sätt hanteras upp-repade likartade välfärdsbedrägerier i form av bidragsbrott straffrättsligt när de bedöms vara systematiskt begångna?

Några centrala slutsatser för uppsatsen är att de svårigheter som bedömningen av systematisk brottslighet medför framför allt uppstår vid sådana gradinde-lade brott där systematiken utgör ett kvalificerande rekvisit för en gradhöjning. Bidragsbrott är ett exempel där systematiken utgör ett kvalificerande rekvisit för att bedöma brottet som grovt. Systematisk brottslighet kännetecknas av brott som upprepats på ett likartat sätt. Dessa förhållanden återspeglas ofta redan genom att gärningspersonen lagförs och straffas för flera likartade brott.

Om varje brott i ett systematiskt förfarande därtill bedöms som grovt p.g.a. systematiken, beaktas mängden brott repetitivt. Andra försvårande omstän-digheter, som särskild planering, hänför sig ofta till hela den brottsliga verk-samheten snarare än till varje enskilt brott, vilket innebär att även dessa om-ständigheter beaktas flerfaldigt när varje brott placeras i en högre svårhets-grad. Resultatet av en sådan bedömning blir att brottsligheten värderas upp på ett sätt som inte nödvändigtvis speglar dess faktiska klandervärdhet.

För att straffet inte ska bli oproportionerligt strängt krävs någon form av ut-jämning vid den efterföljande straffvärdebedömningen. I många fall måste gängse straffmätningsprinciper frångås, vilket leder till att brottens rubricering inte alltid återspeglas i det straffvärde som brottsligheten åsätts. Uppsatsen klargör att systematisk brottslighet och begreppet systematik har en komplex påverkan på rättstillämpningen vid bidragsbrott och betonar behovet av en nyanserad bedömning för att undvika oproportionerliga straff. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Karlsson, Elin LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
System-Threatening Systematic Crime – An Investigation into the Criminal Justice Handling of Repeated Welfare Fraud in the Form of Benefit Crimes
course
JURM02 20241
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
Straffrätt, Criminal law, Welfare fraud, Benefit crime, Graded crimes, Systematic crime, Systematicity, Qualifying requisite, Repeated similar welfare frauds, Benefit crimes, Systematically committed, Assessment of systematic crime
language
Swedish
id
9153383
date added to LUP
2024-06-11 11:38:06
date last changed
2024-06-11 11:38:06
@misc{9153383,
  abstract     = {{The overall purpose of this essay is to investigate how repeated similar wel-fare frauds in the form of benefit crimes according to the Swedish Benefit Crimes Act (bidragsbrottslagen (2007:612)), especially when they are judged to have been systematically committed, are handled within the legal system. By investigating how the phenomenon of systematic crime is expressed, clari-fying the concept of systematics, and analyzing its application in criminal law, the study aims to highlight its importance in counting, classifying, grading, and sentencing crimes of benefit.

To investigate the effects of a systematic procedure in the case of repeated similar benefit crimes, e.g. a review of five Court of Appeal judgments is car-ried out. The main question that is addressed is the following: In what way are repeated similar welfare frauds in the form of benefit crimes dealt with under criminal law when they are judged to have been systematically committed?

Some central conclusions of the essay are that the difficulties that the assess-ment of systematic crime entails above all arise in the case of graded crimes where systematicity is a qualifying requisite for a grade increase. Benefit crime is an example where systematicity constitutes a qualifying requisite for assessing the crime as serious. Systematic crime is characterized by crimes that are repeated similarly. These conditions are often already reflected in the fact that the perpetrator is prosecuted and punished for several similar crimes.

If every crime in a systematic procedure is also assessed as serious due to the system, the number of crimes is taken into account repetitively. Other aggra-vating circumstances, such as special planning, often relate to the entire crimi-nal activity rather than to each crime, which means that even these circum-stances are considered multiple times when each crime is placed in a higher degree of severity. The result of such an assessment is that the crime is valued in a way that does not necessarily reflect its actual blameworthiness.

For the punishment not to be disproportionately severe, some form of equali-zation is required in the subsequent penalty value assessment. In many cases, standard sentencing principles must be waived, which means that the classifi-cation of the crime is not always reflected in the penalty value that the crime is assigned. The essay clarifies that systematic crime and the concept of system-atics have a complex impact on the adjudication process of benefit crimes and emphasizes the need for a nuanced assessment to avoid disproportionate pun-ishments.}},
  author       = {{Karlsson, Elin}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Systemhotande systematisk brottslighet – En undersökning om hur upprepade välfärdsbedrägerier i form av bidragsbrott hanteras straffrättsligt}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}