A General Factor of Psychopathology Predicts Treatment and Long-Term Outcomes in Children and Adolescents With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
(2024) In Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry- Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are at risk for long-term adversity, but factors influencing long-term outcomes are unclear. A general factor of psychopathology, often referred to as the p factor, captures variance shared by all mental disorders and has predicted long-term outcomes in youth with anxiety and depressive disorders. The p factor has never been examined in relation to outcomes in pediatric OCD. Here, we examine whether the p factor predicts 4 important outcomes over both short and long durations in youth with OCD.
METHOD: We used data from the Nordic Long-term OCD Treatment Study (NordLOTS), in which youth with OCD (N = 248, mean age = 12.83 years [SD = 2.72], 51.6% girls)... (More)
OBJECTIVE: Children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are at risk for long-term adversity, but factors influencing long-term outcomes are unclear. A general factor of psychopathology, often referred to as the p factor, captures variance shared by all mental disorders and has predicted long-term outcomes in youth with anxiety and depressive disorders. The p factor has never been examined in relation to outcomes in pediatric OCD. Here, we examine whether the p factor predicts 4 important outcomes over both short and long durations in youth with OCD.
METHOD: We used data from the Nordic Long-term OCD Treatment Study (NordLOTS), in which youth with OCD (N = 248, mean age = 12.83 years [SD = 2.72], 51.6% girls) received exposure-based cognitive-behavioral therapy. The p factor was estimated using parent-reported Child Behavior Checklist data at baseline and was examined in relation to clinician-rated OCD severity, clinician-rated psychosocial functioning, self-reported depressive symptoms, and self- and parent-reported quality of life directly after treatment and 1, 2, and 3 years after treatment.
RESULTS: The p factor was associated with acute treatment outcomes for OCD severity and psychosocial functioning, but not for depressive symptoms and quality of life. For the long-term outcomes, the p factor was significantly associated with all outcomes except OCD severity. The p factor outperformed traditional psychiatric comorbidity as a predictor of long-term outcomes.
CONCLUSION: Youth with OCD who experience symptoms across multiple psychiatric domains have poorer long-term outcomes. Compared to traditional classification of psychiatric diagnoses, assessing psychopathology using a dimensional p factor approach may be advantageous for informing prognosis in pediatric OCD.
(Less)
- author
- organization
- publishing date
- 2024-07-01
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- epub
- subject
- keywords
- OCD, children, adolescents, p factor, HiTOP, outcome, long-term
- in
- Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
- publisher
- Elsevier
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:38960031
- scopus:85200121749
- ISSN
- 0890-8567
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.jaac.2024.06.003
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 011d3837-1548-4cf1-b32d-340f05f757df
- date added to LUP
- 2024-11-06 13:50:41
- date last changed
- 2024-12-19 08:06:44
@article{011d3837-1548-4cf1-b32d-340f05f757df,
abstract = {{<p>OBJECTIVE: Children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are at risk for long-term adversity, but factors influencing long-term outcomes are unclear. A general factor of psychopathology, often referred to as the p factor, captures variance shared by all mental disorders and has predicted long-term outcomes in youth with anxiety and depressive disorders. The p factor has never been examined in relation to outcomes in pediatric OCD. Here, we examine whether the p factor predicts 4 important outcomes over both short and long durations in youth with OCD.</p><p>METHOD: We used data from the Nordic Long-term OCD Treatment Study (NordLOTS), in which youth with OCD (N = 248, mean age = 12.83 years [SD = 2.72], 51.6% girls) received exposure-based cognitive-behavioral therapy. The p factor was estimated using parent-reported Child Behavior Checklist data at baseline and was examined in relation to clinician-rated OCD severity, clinician-rated psychosocial functioning, self-reported depressive symptoms, and self- and parent-reported quality of life directly after treatment and 1, 2, and 3 years after treatment.</p><p>RESULTS: The p factor was associated with acute treatment outcomes for OCD severity and psychosocial functioning, but not for depressive symptoms and quality of life. For the long-term outcomes, the p factor was significantly associated with all outcomes except OCD severity. The p factor outperformed traditional psychiatric comorbidity as a predictor of long-term outcomes.</p><p>CONCLUSION: Youth with OCD who experience symptoms across multiple psychiatric domains have poorer long-term outcomes. Compared to traditional classification of psychiatric diagnoses, assessing psychopathology using a dimensional p factor approach may be advantageous for informing prognosis in pediatric OCD.</p>}},
author = {{Cervin, Matti and Højgaard, Davíð R M A and Jensen, Sanne and Torp, Nor Christian and Skarphedinsson, Gudmundur and Nissen, Judith Becker and Melin, Karin and Borrelli, Davide Fausto and Hybel, Katja Anna and Thomsen, Per Hove and Ivarsson, Tord and Weidle, Bernhard}},
issn = {{0890-8567}},
keywords = {{OCD; children; adolescents; p factor; HiTOP; outcome; long-term}},
language = {{eng}},
month = {{07}},
publisher = {{Elsevier}},
series = {{Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry}},
title = {{A General Factor of Psychopathology Predicts Treatment and Long-Term Outcomes in Children and Adolescents With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2024.06.003}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.jaac.2024.06.003}},
year = {{2024}},
}