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The clinical presentation of major depressive disorder in youth with co-occurring obsessive-compulsive disorder

Strophauer, Emily ; Valenzuela-Flores, Carlos ; Minhajuddin, Abu ; Slater, Holli ; Riddle, David ; Pinciotti, Caitlin ; Guzick, Andrew ; Hettema, John ; Tonarelli, Silvina and Soutullo, Cesar , et al. (2024) In Journal of Affective Disorders 349. p.349-357
Abstract
Background
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is common in youth and among the most frequent comorbid disorders in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but it is unclear whether the presence of OCD affects the symptom presentation of MDD in youth.

Methods
A sample of youth with OCD and MDD (n = 124) and a sample of youth with MDD but no OCD (n = 673) completed the Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents (PHQ-A). The overall and symptom-level presentation of MDD were examined using group comparisons and network analysis.

Results
Youth with MDD and OCD, compared to those with MDD and no OCD, had more severe MDD (Cohen's d = 0.39) and more reported moderate to severe depression (75 % vs 61 %). When... (More)
Background
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is common in youth and among the most frequent comorbid disorders in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but it is unclear whether the presence of OCD affects the symptom presentation of MDD in youth.

Methods
A sample of youth with OCD and MDD (n = 124) and a sample of youth with MDD but no OCD (n = 673) completed the Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents (PHQ-A). The overall and symptom-level presentation of MDD were examined using group comparisons and network analysis.

Results
Youth with MDD and OCD, compared to those with MDD and no OCD, had more severe MDD (Cohen's d = 0.39) and more reported moderate to severe depression (75 % vs 61 %). When accounting for demographic variables and the overall severity of MDD, those with comorbid OCD reported lower levels of anhedonia and more severe difficulties with psychomotor retardation/agitation. No significant differences in the interconnections among symptoms emerged.

Limitations
Data were cross-sectional and self-reported, gold standard diagnostic tools were not used to assess OCD, and the sample size for the group with MDD and OCD was relatively small yielding low statistical power for network analysis.

Conclusions
Youth with MDD and OCD have more severe MDD than those with MDD and no OCD and they experience more psychomotor issues and less anhedonia, which may relate to the behavioral activation characteristic of OCD.

Keywords
OCDChildrenAdolescentsDepressionMajor depressive disorderComorbidity (Less)
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Journal of Affective Disorders
volume
349
pages
9 pages
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • scopus:85182377662
  • pmid:38199393
ISSN
0165-0327
DOI
10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.070
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
0b6761e0-1d67-41a9-85ad-ec444cc0dbae
date added to LUP
2024-01-08 12:40:03
date last changed
2024-04-09 03:00:19
@article{0b6761e0-1d67-41a9-85ad-ec444cc0dbae,
  abstract     = {{Background<br/>Major depressive disorder (MDD) is common in youth and among the most frequent comorbid disorders in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but it is unclear whether the presence of OCD affects the symptom presentation of MDD in youth.<br/><br/>Methods<br/>A sample of youth with OCD and MDD (n = 124) and a sample of youth with MDD but no OCD (n = 673) completed the Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents (PHQ-A). The overall and symptom-level presentation of MDD were examined using group comparisons and network analysis.<br/><br/>Results<br/>Youth with MDD and OCD, compared to those with MDD and no OCD, had more severe MDD (Cohen's d = 0.39) and more reported moderate to severe depression (75 % vs 61 %). When accounting for demographic variables and the overall severity of MDD, those with comorbid OCD reported lower levels of anhedonia and more severe difficulties with psychomotor retardation/agitation. No significant differences in the interconnections among symptoms emerged.<br/><br/>Limitations<br/>Data were cross-sectional and self-reported, gold standard diagnostic tools were not used to assess OCD, and the sample size for the group with MDD and OCD was relatively small yielding low statistical power for network analysis.<br/><br/>Conclusions<br/>Youth with MDD and OCD have more severe MDD than those with MDD and no OCD and they experience more psychomotor issues and less anhedonia, which may relate to the behavioral activation characteristic of OCD.<br/><br/>Keywords<br/>OCDChildrenAdolescentsDepressionMajor depressive disorderComorbidity}},
  author       = {{Strophauer, Emily and Valenzuela-Flores, Carlos and Minhajuddin, Abu and Slater, Holli and Riddle, David and Pinciotti, Caitlin and Guzick, Andrew and Hettema, John and Tonarelli, Silvina and Soutullo, Cesar and Elmore, Joshua and Gushanas, Kimberly and Wakefield, Sarah and Goodman, Wayne and Trivedi, Madhukar and Storch, Eric A. and Cervin, Matti}},
  issn         = {{0165-0327}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{01}},
  pages        = {{349--357}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Journal of Affective Disorders}},
  title        = {{The clinical presentation of major depressive disorder in youth with co-occurring obsessive-compulsive disorder}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.070}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.070}},
  volume       = {{349}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}