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On Leukocyte Recruitment in Cholestatic Liver Injury

Laschke, Matthias LU (2008) In Lund University Faculty of Medicine Doctoral Dissertation Series 2008:132.
Abstract
Cholestasis is a frequent clinical syndrome, which is caused by a dysfunction in bile formation of the hepatocyte or from obstruction of the biliary tract. This is associated with inflammation of the liver tissue, resulting in severe liver injury. In this inflammatory process, leukocyte recruitment has emerged as a key feature. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to analyze the detailed mechanisms behind intrahepatic leukocyte accumulation and its regulation in the pathophysiology of sepsis-associated or obstructive cholestasis and their impact on hepatocellular function and damage. For this purpose, cholestatic conditions were induced in C57BL/6 mice in the weIl established experimental models of LPS sepsis and obstructive cholestasis... (More)
Cholestasis is a frequent clinical syndrome, which is caused by a dysfunction in bile formation of the hepatocyte or from obstruction of the biliary tract. This is associated with inflammation of the liver tissue, resulting in severe liver injury. In this inflammatory process, leukocyte recruitment has emerged as a key feature. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to analyze the detailed mechanisms behind intrahepatic leukocyte accumulation and its regulation in the pathophysiology of sepsis-associated or obstructive cholestasis and their impact on hepatocellular function and damage. For this purpose, cholestatic conditions were induced in C57BL/6 mice in the weIl established experimental models of LPS sepsis and obstructive cholestasis foIlowing bile duct ligation. Analyses included intravital fluorescence microscopy, histology, ELISA, RT-PCR, flow cytometry, determination of bilirubin and liver enzyme levels as well as measurement of bile flow and secretion. In doing so, it was found that P-selectin-mediated recruitment of leukocytes, but not the local production of pro-inflammatory mediators, is the primary cause of sepsis-associated cholestasis. Moreover, obstructive cholestasis is associated with P-selectin-mediated intrahepatic platelet accumulation, which crucially contributes to leukocyte recruitment and liver in jury. Besides, LFA-l mediates firm leukocyte adhesion in the liver microcirculation during obstructive cholestasis. Finally, inhibition of rhokinase attenuates cholestasis-induced CXC chemokine formation, leukocyte recruitment and hepatocellular damage in the liver. Thus, the results of this thesis clearly demonstrate that leukocyte recruitment in the liver plays a key role in the pathophysiology of cholestasis. Accordingly, it may be concluded that targeting leukocyte recruitment may be an effective strategy to preserve bile flow under septic conditions and to reduce cholestasis-induced liver injury. (Less)
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author
supervisor
opponent
  • Professor Minor, Thomas, University of Bonn, Clinic of Surgery, Bonn, Germany
organization
publishing date
type
Thesis
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Leukocyte and Liver, Inflammation, Cholestasis, Endothelium
in
Lund University Faculty of Medicine Doctoral Dissertation Series
volume
2008:132
pages
126 pages
publisher
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University
defense location
CRC (Clinical Research Centre), Public Forum, Entrance 72, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö
defense date
2008-11-28 13:15:00
ISSN
1652-8220
ISBN
978-91-86059-85-9
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
The information about affiliations in this record was updated in December 2015. The record was previously connected to the following departments: Emergency medicine/Medicine/Surgery (013240200), Surgery Research Unit (013242220)
id
0bce498c-3885-4551-a5e4-e6230d74b01b (old id 1263750)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 13:20:26
date last changed
2019-05-22 02:10:05
@phdthesis{0bce498c-3885-4551-a5e4-e6230d74b01b,
  abstract     = {{Cholestasis is a frequent clinical syndrome, which is caused by a dysfunction in bile formation of the hepatocyte or from obstruction of the biliary tract. This is associated with inflammation of the liver tissue, resulting in severe liver injury. In this inflammatory process, leukocyte recruitment has emerged as a key feature. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to analyze the detailed mechanisms behind intrahepatic leukocyte accumulation and its regulation in the pathophysiology of sepsis-associated or obstructive cholestasis and their impact on hepatocellular function and damage. For this purpose, cholestatic conditions were induced in C57BL/6 mice in the weIl established experimental models of LPS sepsis and obstructive cholestasis foIlowing bile duct ligation. Analyses included intravital fluorescence microscopy, histology, ELISA, RT-PCR, flow cytometry, determination of bilirubin and liver enzyme levels as well as measurement of bile flow and secretion. In doing so, it was found that P-selectin-mediated recruitment of leukocytes, but not the local production of pro-inflammatory mediators, is the primary cause of sepsis-associated cholestasis. Moreover, obstructive cholestasis is associated with P-selectin-mediated intrahepatic platelet accumulation, which crucially contributes to leukocyte recruitment and liver in jury. Besides, LFA-l mediates firm leukocyte adhesion in the liver microcirculation during obstructive cholestasis. Finally, inhibition of rhokinase attenuates cholestasis-induced CXC chemokine formation, leukocyte recruitment and hepatocellular damage in the liver. Thus, the results of this thesis clearly demonstrate that leukocyte recruitment in the liver plays a key role in the pathophysiology of cholestasis. Accordingly, it may be concluded that targeting leukocyte recruitment may be an effective strategy to preserve bile flow under septic conditions and to reduce cholestasis-induced liver injury.}},
  author       = {{Laschke, Matthias}},
  isbn         = {{978-91-86059-85-9}},
  issn         = {{1652-8220}},
  keywords     = {{Leukocyte and Liver; Inflammation; Cholestasis; Endothelium}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University}},
  school       = {{Lund University}},
  series       = {{Lund University Faculty of Medicine Doctoral Dissertation Series}},
  title        = {{On Leukocyte Recruitment in Cholestatic Liver Injury}},
  url          = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/3312115/1263861.pdf}},
  volume       = {{2008:132}},
  year         = {{2008}},
}