Use of sterols to monitor surface water quality change and nitrate pollution source
Nakagawa, Kei LU
; Amano, Hiroki
LU
; Berndtsson, R.
LU
; Takao, Yuji
and Hosono, Takahiro
(2019)
In Ecological Indicators
107.
- Abstract
Coprostanol was tested as ecological indicator to trace domestic and manure effluents and to investigate possible pollution sources in surface water. Pollution assessment was performed by analysing NO3 −, NO2 −, coprostanol (5β(H)-Cholestan-3β-ol), and cholestanol (5α(H)-Cholestan-3β-ol) in water samples from 42 sites along rivers in Shimabara and Unzen City, Japan. NO2-N concentration exceeded 0.04 mg L−1 at 2 sampling sites during winter and 6 sampling sites during summer. NO3 + NO2-N concentration exceeded 10 mg L−1 at 19 sampling sites during winter and 7 sampling sites during in summer. The highest concentration was 82.4 mg... (More)
Coprostanol was tested as ecological indicator to trace domestic and manure effluents and to investigate possible pollution sources in surface water. Pollution assessment was performed by analysing NO3 −, NO2 −, coprostanol (5β(H)-Cholestan-3β-ol), and cholestanol (5α(H)-Cholestan-3β-ol) in water samples from 42 sites along rivers in Shimabara and Unzen City, Japan. NO2-N concentration exceeded 0.04 mg L−1 at 2 sampling sites during winter and 6 sampling sites during summer. NO3 + NO2-N concentration exceeded 10 mg L−1 at 19 sampling sites during winter and 7 sampling sites during in summer. The highest concentration was 82.4 mg L−1 in summer. Detectable NO3-N concentration was observed in northern parts of the study area. Coprostanol concentration exceeded 700 ng L−1 (Australian Drinking Water Standard) at 8 sampling points during winter and 6 sampling sites during summer. At 10 and 5% of the sampling sites, both nitrate and coprostanol concentration exceeded drinking water standard during winter and summer, respectively. The percentage of sampling sites where either concentration was above drinking water standard was 45% during winter and 22% during summer season. However, depending on sampling site, the relationships between nitrate and coprostanol concentrations showed different patterns. The sterol ratio exceeded 0.5 at 17 sampling sites during winter and 14 sampling sites during summer. Thus, it was confirmed that fecal pollution is present in the studied surface water. A method to distinguish between principal pollution sources was developed by separating four areas in a nitrate concentration and sterol ratio plot. Results show that sampled data could be reasonably classified into appropriate polluted/non-polluted groups. Thus, coprostanol and sterol ratio can be used as indicators to distinguish between different nitrate pollution sources in surface water.
(Less)
- author
- Nakagawa, Kei
LU
; Amano, Hiroki
LU
; Berndtsson, R.
LU
; Takao, Yuji
and Hosono, Takahiro
- organization
- publishing date
- 2019-12
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Coprostanol, Nitrate pollution, Sterol ratio, Surface water
- in
- Ecological Indicators
- volume
- 107
- article number
- 105534
- publisher
- Elsevier
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85068757427
- ISSN
- 1470-160X
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105534
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 100b6e31-b258-4e04-a694-b48e71afb255
- date added to LUP
- 2019-07-22 15:20:34
- date last changed
- 2023-10-07 14:09:16
@article{100b6e31-b258-4e04-a694-b48e71afb255,
abstract = {{<p>Coprostanol was tested as ecological indicator to trace domestic and manure effluents and to investigate possible pollution sources in surface water. Pollution assessment was performed by analysing NO<sub>3</sub> <sup>−</sup>, NO<sub>2</sub> <sup>−</sup>, coprostanol (5β(H)-Cholestan-3β-ol), and cholestanol (5α(H)-Cholestan-3β-ol) in water samples from 42 sites along rivers in Shimabara and Unzen City, Japan. NO<sub>2</sub>-N concentration exceeded 0.04 mg L<sup>−1</sup> at 2 sampling sites during winter and 6 sampling sites during summer. NO<sub>3</sub> + NO<sub>2</sub>-N concentration exceeded 10 mg L<sup>−1</sup> at 19 sampling sites during winter and 7 sampling sites during in summer. The highest concentration was 82.4 mg L<sup>−1</sup> in summer. Detectable NO<sub>3</sub>-N concentration was observed in northern parts of the study area. Coprostanol concentration exceeded 700 ng L<sup>−1</sup> (Australian Drinking Water Standard) at 8 sampling points during winter and 6 sampling sites during summer. At 10 and 5% of the sampling sites, both nitrate and coprostanol concentration exceeded drinking water standard during winter and summer, respectively. The percentage of sampling sites where either concentration was above drinking water standard was 45% during winter and 22% during summer season. However, depending on sampling site, the relationships between nitrate and coprostanol concentrations showed different patterns. The sterol ratio exceeded 0.5 at 17 sampling sites during winter and 14 sampling sites during summer. Thus, it was confirmed that fecal pollution is present in the studied surface water. A method to distinguish between principal pollution sources was developed by separating four areas in a nitrate concentration and sterol ratio plot. Results show that sampled data could be reasonably classified into appropriate polluted/non-polluted groups. Thus, coprostanol and sterol ratio can be used as indicators to distinguish between different nitrate pollution sources in surface water.</p>}},
author = {{Nakagawa, Kei and Amano, Hiroki and Berndtsson, R. and Takao, Yuji and Hosono, Takahiro}},
issn = {{1470-160X}},
keywords = {{Coprostanol; Nitrate pollution; Sterol ratio; Surface water}},
language = {{eng}},
publisher = {{Elsevier}},
series = {{Ecological Indicators}},
title = {{Use of sterols to monitor surface water quality change and nitrate pollution source}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105534}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105534}},
volume = {{107}},
year = {{2019}},
}