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Neutrophil extracellular traps - The dark side of neutrophils

Sørensen, Ole E. LU and Borregaard, Niels (2016) In Journal of Clinical Investigation 126(5). p.1612-1620
Abstract

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were discovered as extracellular strands of decondensed DNA in complex with histones and granule proteins, which were expelled from dying neutrophils to ensnare and kill microbes. NETs are formed during infection in vivo by mechanisms different from those originally described in vitro. Citrullination of histones by peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) is central for NET formation in vivo. NETs may spur formation of autoantibodies and may also serve as scaffolds for thrombosis, thereby providing a link among infection, autoimmunity, and thrombosis. In this review, we present the mechanisms by which NETs are formed and discuss the physiological and pathophysiological consequences of NET formation. We... (More)

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were discovered as extracellular strands of decondensed DNA in complex with histones and granule proteins, which were expelled from dying neutrophils to ensnare and kill microbes. NETs are formed during infection in vivo by mechanisms different from those originally described in vitro. Citrullination of histones by peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) is central for NET formation in vivo. NETs may spur formation of autoantibodies and may also serve as scaffolds for thrombosis, thereby providing a link among infection, autoimmunity, and thrombosis. In this review, we present the mechanisms by which NETs are formed and discuss the physiological and pathophysiological consequences of NET formation. We conclude that NETs may be of more importance in autoimmunity and thrombosis than in innate immune defense.

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author
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Journal of Clinical Investigation
volume
126
issue
5
pages
9 pages
publisher
The American Society for Clinical Investigation
external identifiers
  • scopus:84988470876
  • pmid:27135878
  • wos:000375182100002
ISSN
0021-9738
DOI
10.1172/JCI84538
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
10e1024e-887b-485a-9a2c-569084e0bdb7
date added to LUP
2016-11-03 14:37:46
date last changed
2024-06-15 18:54:39
@article{10e1024e-887b-485a-9a2c-569084e0bdb7,
  abstract     = {{<p>Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were discovered as extracellular strands of decondensed DNA in complex with histones and granule proteins, which were expelled from dying neutrophils to ensnare and kill microbes. NETs are formed during infection in vivo by mechanisms different from those originally described in vitro. Citrullination of histones by peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) is central for NET formation in vivo. NETs may spur formation of autoantibodies and may also serve as scaffolds for thrombosis, thereby providing a link among infection, autoimmunity, and thrombosis. In this review, we present the mechanisms by which NETs are formed and discuss the physiological and pathophysiological consequences of NET formation. We conclude that NETs may be of more importance in autoimmunity and thrombosis than in innate immune defense.</p>}},
  author       = {{Sørensen, Ole E. and Borregaard, Niels}},
  issn         = {{0021-9738}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{05}},
  number       = {{5}},
  pages        = {{1612--1620}},
  publisher    = {{The American Society for Clinical Investigation}},
  series       = {{Journal of Clinical Investigation}},
  title        = {{Neutrophil extracellular traps - The dark side of neutrophils}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI84538}},
  doi          = {{10.1172/JCI84538}},
  volume       = {{126}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}