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Insights into source/sink controls on wood formation and photosynthesis from a stem chilling experiment in mature red maple

Rademacher, Tim ; Fonti, Patrick ; LeMoine, James M ; Fonti, Marina V ; Bowles, Francis ; Chen, Yizhao ; Eckes-Shephard, Annemarie H LU orcid ; Friend, Andrew D and Richardson, Andrew D (2022) In New Phytologist 236(4). p.1296-1309
Abstract

Whether sources or sinks control wood growth remains debated with a paucity of evidence from mature trees in natural settings. Here, we altered carbon supply rate in stems of mature red maples (Acer rubrum) within the growing season by restricting phloem transport using stem chilling; thereby increasing carbon supply above and decreasing carbon supply below the restrictions, respectively. Chilling successfully altered nonstructural carbon (NSC) concentrations in the phloem without detectable repercussions on bulk NSC in stems and roots. Ring width responded strongly to local variations in carbon supply with up to seven-fold differences along the stem of chilled trees; however, concurrent changes in the structural carbon were... (More)

Whether sources or sinks control wood growth remains debated with a paucity of evidence from mature trees in natural settings. Here, we altered carbon supply rate in stems of mature red maples (Acer rubrum) within the growing season by restricting phloem transport using stem chilling; thereby increasing carbon supply above and decreasing carbon supply below the restrictions, respectively. Chilling successfully altered nonstructural carbon (NSC) concentrations in the phloem without detectable repercussions on bulk NSC in stems and roots. Ring width responded strongly to local variations in carbon supply with up to seven-fold differences along the stem of chilled trees; however, concurrent changes in the structural carbon were inconclusive at high carbon supply due to large local variability of wood growth. Above chilling-induced bottlenecks, we also observed higher leaf NSC concentrations, reduced photosynthetic capacity, and earlier leaf coloration and fall. Our results indicate that the cambial sink is affected by carbon supply, but within-tree feedbacks can downregulate source activity, when carbon supply exceeds demand. Such feedbacks have only been hypothesized in mature trees. Consequently, these findings constitute an important advance in understanding source-sink dynamics, suggesting that mature red maples operate close to both source- and sink-limitation in the early growing season.

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author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
anatomy, growth, nonstructural carbon, phloem, sink, source, wood, xylogenesis
in
New Phytologist
volume
236
issue
4
pages
14 pages
publisher
Wiley-Blackwell
external identifiers
  • pmid:35927942
  • scopus:85136473227
ISSN
1469-8137
DOI
10.1111/nph.18421
project
Redefining the carbon sink capacity of global forests: The driving role of tree mortality
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
© 2022 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2022 New Phytologist Foundation.
id
11e5bbb2-58bb-43c6-af0b-80d4f80e2fd6
date added to LUP
2022-09-27 14:48:18
date last changed
2024-06-14 22:25:07
@article{11e5bbb2-58bb-43c6-af0b-80d4f80e2fd6,
  abstract     = {{<p>Whether sources or sinks control wood growth remains debated with a paucity of evidence from mature trees in natural settings. Here, we altered carbon supply rate in stems of mature red maples (Acer rubrum) within the growing season by restricting phloem transport using stem chilling; thereby increasing carbon supply above and decreasing carbon supply below the restrictions, respectively. Chilling successfully altered nonstructural carbon (NSC) concentrations in the phloem without detectable repercussions on bulk NSC in stems and roots. Ring width responded strongly to local variations in carbon supply with up to seven-fold differences along the stem of chilled trees; however, concurrent changes in the structural carbon were inconclusive at high carbon supply due to large local variability of wood growth. Above chilling-induced bottlenecks, we also observed higher leaf NSC concentrations, reduced photosynthetic capacity, and earlier leaf coloration and fall. Our results indicate that the cambial sink is affected by carbon supply, but within-tree feedbacks can downregulate source activity, when carbon supply exceeds demand. Such feedbacks have only been hypothesized in mature trees. Consequently, these findings constitute an important advance in understanding source-sink dynamics, suggesting that mature red maples operate close to both source- and sink-limitation in the early growing season.</p>}},
  author       = {{Rademacher, Tim and Fonti, Patrick and LeMoine, James M and Fonti, Marina V and Bowles, Francis and Chen, Yizhao and Eckes-Shephard, Annemarie H and Friend, Andrew D and Richardson, Andrew D}},
  issn         = {{1469-8137}},
  keywords     = {{anatomy; growth; nonstructural carbon; phloem; sink; source; wood; xylogenesis}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{1296--1309}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley-Blackwell}},
  series       = {{New Phytologist}},
  title        = {{Insights into source/sink controls on wood formation and photosynthesis from a stem chilling experiment in mature red maple}},
  url          = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/157522287/Rademacher_2022_Insights_into_source_sink_controls_on_accepted_version_.pdf}},
  doi          = {{10.1111/nph.18421}},
  volume       = {{236}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}