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Multiple HIV-1 introductions into the Swedish intravenous drug user population

Skar, Helena ; Sylvan, Staffan ; Hansson, Hans-Bertil LU ; Gustavsson, Olle ; Boman, Hans ; Albert, Jan and Leitner, Thomas (2008) In Infection, Genetics and Evolution 8(5). p.545-552
Abstract
In 2001, an increase of HIV-1 diagnoses among intravenous drug users (IVDU) was reported in Sweden. In nearby countries, Finland, Russia and the Baltic states, recent outbreaks had been described. Since there was a concern that these outbreaks would carry over to Sweden a study was initiated to determine the factors leading to the Swedish increase of HIV-1 diagnosed IVDUs. HIV-1 env V3 sequences were obtained from 97 patients enrolled in ongoing epidemiological studies encompassing the years 1987-2004 with a focus on 2001-2002. The sequences were used for maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference of the molecular epidemiology. Among the virus spreading in 2001-2002, we found that four different subtypes/CRFs were present in the Swedish... (More)
In 2001, an increase of HIV-1 diagnoses among intravenous drug users (IVDU) was reported in Sweden. In nearby countries, Finland, Russia and the Baltic states, recent outbreaks had been described. Since there was a concern that these outbreaks would carry over to Sweden a study was initiated to determine the factors leading to the Swedish increase of HIV-1 diagnosed IVDUs. HIV-1 env V3 sequences were obtained from 97 patients enrolled in ongoing epidemiological studies encompassing the years 1987-2004 with a focus on 2001-2002. The sequences were used for maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference of the molecular epidemiology. Among the virus spreading in 2001-2002, we found that four different subtypes/CRFs were present in the Swedish IVDU population (A, B, CRF01_AE and CRF06_cpx). Subtype B constituted 85% of the infections, established by 12 independent introductions into the IVDU population. The worrisome increase in 2001 was mainly not a result of import of the outbreaks in nearby countries, but rather a higher detection rate of secondary cases due to efficient epidemiological tracing of the generally slow spread of established forms of subtype B in the IVDU community. However, a few of the non-subtype B cases were linked to the outbreaks in Finland, Estonia and Latvia. Because HIV-1 outbreaks can easily be exported from one country to another amongst IVDUs, this prompts continued surveillance in the Baltic Sea Region. Published by Elsevier B.V. (Less)
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author
; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Intravenous drug users, Tree node height, Phylogeny, Evolutionary rate, Outbreak, HIV-1, Molecular epidemiology
in
Infection, Genetics and Evolution
volume
8
issue
5
pages
545 - 552
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • wos:000260160900005
  • scopus:50349093503
  • pmid:18472306
ISSN
1567-7257
DOI
10.1016/j.meegid.2008.03.004
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
The information about affiliations in this record was updated in December 2015. The record was previously connected to the following departments: Infectious Diseases Research Unit (013242010), Division of Infection Medicine (SUS) (013008000)
id
4042816b-036a-44f5-87f6-8f12fcc37c09 (old id 1284682)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 11:55:25
date last changed
2022-01-26 20:16:06
@article{4042816b-036a-44f5-87f6-8f12fcc37c09,
  abstract     = {{In 2001, an increase of HIV-1 diagnoses among intravenous drug users (IVDU) was reported in Sweden. In nearby countries, Finland, Russia and the Baltic states, recent outbreaks had been described. Since there was a concern that these outbreaks would carry over to Sweden a study was initiated to determine the factors leading to the Swedish increase of HIV-1 diagnosed IVDUs. HIV-1 env V3 sequences were obtained from 97 patients enrolled in ongoing epidemiological studies encompassing the years 1987-2004 with a focus on 2001-2002. The sequences were used for maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference of the molecular epidemiology. Among the virus spreading in 2001-2002, we found that four different subtypes/CRFs were present in the Swedish IVDU population (A, B, CRF01_AE and CRF06_cpx). Subtype B constituted 85% of the infections, established by 12 independent introductions into the IVDU population. The worrisome increase in 2001 was mainly not a result of import of the outbreaks in nearby countries, but rather a higher detection rate of secondary cases due to efficient epidemiological tracing of the generally slow spread of established forms of subtype B in the IVDU community. However, a few of the non-subtype B cases were linked to the outbreaks in Finland, Estonia and Latvia. Because HIV-1 outbreaks can easily be exported from one country to another amongst IVDUs, this prompts continued surveillance in the Baltic Sea Region. Published by Elsevier B.V.}},
  author       = {{Skar, Helena and Sylvan, Staffan and Hansson, Hans-Bertil and Gustavsson, Olle and Boman, Hans and Albert, Jan and Leitner, Thomas}},
  issn         = {{1567-7257}},
  keywords     = {{Intravenous drug users; Tree node height; Phylogeny; Evolutionary rate; Outbreak; HIV-1; Molecular epidemiology}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{5}},
  pages        = {{545--552}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Infection, Genetics and Evolution}},
  title        = {{Multiple HIV-1 introductions into the Swedish intravenous drug user population}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2008.03.004}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.meegid.2008.03.004}},
  volume       = {{8}},
  year         = {{2008}},
}