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Shoe contact dermatitis from dimethyl fumarate: clinical manifestations, patch test results, chemical analysis, and source of exposure

Gimenez-Arnau, Ana ; Francisco Silvestre, Juan ; Mercader, Pedro ; De la Cuadra, Jesus ; Ballester, Isabel ; Gallardo, Fernando ; Pujol, Ramon M. ; Zimerson, Erik LU and Bruze, Magnus LU (2009) In Contact Dermatitis 61(5). p.249-260
Abstract
Background The methyl ester form of fumaric acid named dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an effective mould-growth inhibitor. Its irritating and sensitizing properties were demonstrated in animal models. Recently, DMF has been identified as responsible for furniture contact dermatitis in Europe. Objective To describe the clinical manifestations, patch test results, shoe chemical analysis, and source of exposure to DMF-induced shoe contact dermatitis. Patients, Materials, and Methods Patients with suspected shoe contact dermatitis were studied in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Patch test results obtained with their own shoe and the European baseline series, acrylates and fumaric acid esters (FAE), were recorded according to... (More)
Background The methyl ester form of fumaric acid named dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an effective mould-growth inhibitor. Its irritating and sensitizing properties were demonstrated in animal models. Recently, DMF has been identified as responsible for furniture contact dermatitis in Europe. Objective To describe the clinical manifestations, patch test results, shoe chemical analysis, and source of exposure to DMF-induced shoe contact dermatitis. Patients, Materials, and Methods Patients with suspected shoe contact dermatitis were studied in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Patch test results obtained with their own shoe and the European baseline series, acrylates and fumaric acid esters (FAE), were recorded according to international guidelines. The content of DMF in shoes was analysed with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Results Acute, immediate irritant contact dermatitis and non-immunological contact urticaria were observed in eight adults and two children, respectively. All the adult patients studied developed a delayed sensitization demonstrated by a positive patch testing to DMF < 0.1% in pet. Cross-reactivity with other FAEs and acrylates was observed. At least 12 different shoe brands were investigated. The chemical analysis from the available shoes showed the presence of DMF. Conclusion DMF in shoes was responsible for severe contact dermatitis. Global preventive measures for avoiding contact with DMF are necessary. (Less)
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author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
irritant contact, dermatitis, shoe, urticaria, fumaric acid, dimethyl fumarate, contact, contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, allergy
in
Contact Dermatitis
volume
61
issue
5
pages
249 - 260
publisher
Wiley-Blackwell
external identifiers
  • wos:000271264300001
  • scopus:70350474464
ISSN
0105-1873
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
cfb72132-2e2c-4c41-9a75-f05445733900 (old id 1505153)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 12:29:01
date last changed
2022-08-28 21:20:15
@article{cfb72132-2e2c-4c41-9a75-f05445733900,
  abstract     = {{Background The methyl ester form of fumaric acid named dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an effective mould-growth inhibitor. Its irritating and sensitizing properties were demonstrated in animal models. Recently, DMF has been identified as responsible for furniture contact dermatitis in Europe. Objective To describe the clinical manifestations, patch test results, shoe chemical analysis, and source of exposure to DMF-induced shoe contact dermatitis. Patients, Materials, and Methods Patients with suspected shoe contact dermatitis were studied in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Patch test results obtained with their own shoe and the European baseline series, acrylates and fumaric acid esters (FAE), were recorded according to international guidelines. The content of DMF in shoes was analysed with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Results Acute, immediate irritant contact dermatitis and non-immunological contact urticaria were observed in eight adults and two children, respectively. All the adult patients studied developed a delayed sensitization demonstrated by a positive patch testing to DMF &lt; 0.1% in pet. Cross-reactivity with other FAEs and acrylates was observed. At least 12 different shoe brands were investigated. The chemical analysis from the available shoes showed the presence of DMF. Conclusion DMF in shoes was responsible for severe contact dermatitis. Global preventive measures for avoiding contact with DMF are necessary.}},
  author       = {{Gimenez-Arnau, Ana and Francisco Silvestre, Juan and Mercader, Pedro and De la Cuadra, Jesus and Ballester, Isabel and Gallardo, Fernando and Pujol, Ramon M. and Zimerson, Erik and Bruze, Magnus}},
  issn         = {{0105-1873}},
  keywords     = {{irritant contact; dermatitis; shoe; urticaria; fumaric acid; dimethyl fumarate; contact; contact dermatitis; allergic contact dermatitis; allergy}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{5}},
  pages        = {{249--260}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley-Blackwell}},
  series       = {{Contact Dermatitis}},
  title        = {{Shoe contact dermatitis from dimethyl fumarate: clinical manifestations, patch test results, chemical analysis, and source of exposure}},
  volume       = {{61}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}