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The bladder cancer genome; chromosomal changes as prognostic makers, opportunities, and obstacles.

Höglund, Mattias LU (2012) In Urologic Oncology 30(4). p.533-540
Abstract
During the past decades, the complexity of the bladder cancer genome has become evident. Early cytogenetic studies identified several patterns of chromosomal changes, particularly the frequent loss of chromosome 9. The cytogenetic approach was replaced by molecular methods, such as comparative genome hybridization (CGH) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analyses that describe genomic changes at a molecular and higher resolution. With these methods, the full complexity of the bladder cancer genome has been better appreciated. Using CGH and LOH analyses, it also became apparent that premalignant lesions of the bladder, such as hyperplasia and dysplasia, as well as carcinoma in situ (CIS), showed genomic changes. Whole genome analyses showed... (More)
During the past decades, the complexity of the bladder cancer genome has become evident. Early cytogenetic studies identified several patterns of chromosomal changes, particularly the frequent loss of chromosome 9. The cytogenetic approach was replaced by molecular methods, such as comparative genome hybridization (CGH) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analyses that describe genomic changes at a molecular and higher resolution. With these methods, the full complexity of the bladder cancer genome has been better appreciated. Using CGH and LOH analyses, it also became apparent that premalignant lesions of the bladder, such as hyperplasia and dysplasia, as well as carcinoma in situ (CIS), showed genomic changes. Whole genome analyses showed that low stage, low grade tumors generally show fewer changes than tumors of higher stage and grade. In addition, several genomic alterations were shown to be highly specific for more aggressive and invasive tumors. Based on the general association between complex genomic changes and tumor behavior, several investigations have been directed towards the identification of prognostic genomic markers for urothelial cancer. A complicating factor in the analysis and understanding of bladder cancer genomic progression is that recurring and, hence, chronologically later tumors may show genomes less rearranged than preceding tumors. Furthermore, morphologically normal urothelium in patients with bladder cancer frequently show the same type of genomic alterations as the tumor proper. This makes an issue of to what extent information on genomic changes will produce reliable prognostic information when limited to the tumor proper. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Urologic Oncology
volume
30
issue
4
pages
533 - 540
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • wos:000306638700030
  • pmid:22742566
  • scopus:84862990351
  • pmid:22742566
ISSN
1873-2496
DOI
10.1016/j.urolonc.2012.04.001
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
1780205c-e280-4a43-ae34-4e03c13653e4 (old id 2858889)
alternative location
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22742566?dopt=Abstract
date added to LUP
2016-04-04 07:13:12
date last changed
2022-03-15 06:42:09
@article{1780205c-e280-4a43-ae34-4e03c13653e4,
  abstract     = {{During the past decades, the complexity of the bladder cancer genome has become evident. Early cytogenetic studies identified several patterns of chromosomal changes, particularly the frequent loss of chromosome 9. The cytogenetic approach was replaced by molecular methods, such as comparative genome hybridization (CGH) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analyses that describe genomic changes at a molecular and higher resolution. With these methods, the full complexity of the bladder cancer genome has been better appreciated. Using CGH and LOH analyses, it also became apparent that premalignant lesions of the bladder, such as hyperplasia and dysplasia, as well as carcinoma in situ (CIS), showed genomic changes. Whole genome analyses showed that low stage, low grade tumors generally show fewer changes than tumors of higher stage and grade. In addition, several genomic alterations were shown to be highly specific for more aggressive and invasive tumors. Based on the general association between complex genomic changes and tumor behavior, several investigations have been directed towards the identification of prognostic genomic markers for urothelial cancer. A complicating factor in the analysis and understanding of bladder cancer genomic progression is that recurring and, hence, chronologically later tumors may show genomes less rearranged than preceding tumors. Furthermore, morphologically normal urothelium in patients with bladder cancer frequently show the same type of genomic alterations as the tumor proper. This makes an issue of to what extent information on genomic changes will produce reliable prognostic information when limited to the tumor proper.}},
  author       = {{Höglund, Mattias}},
  issn         = {{1873-2496}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{533--540}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Urologic Oncology}},
  title        = {{The bladder cancer genome; chromosomal changes as prognostic makers, opportunities, and obstacles.}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.urolonc.2012.04.001}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.urolonc.2012.04.001}},
  volume       = {{30}},
  year         = {{2012}},
}