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Evaluating vacuum phototriodes designed for the PANDA electromagnetic calorimeter

Makonyi, K. ; von Wurtemberg, K. Marcks ; Tegner, P. -E. ; Hansen, Kurt LU ; Isaksson, Lennart LU ; Lundin, Magnus LU ; Schröder, Bent LU ; Balkestahl, L. ; Fransson, K. and Johansson, T. , et al. (2014) In Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment 763. p.36-43
Abstract
In this work properties of a vacuum phototriode (VPT) and preamplifier unit designed for the electromagnetic calorimeter of the PANDA experiment being built at FAIR are investigated. With the use of lead tungstate and lanthanium bromide scintillators the VPT properties are studied at low photon energies, from tens of key in the lanthanium bromide measurements and between 10 MeV and 60 MeV in the lead tungstate measurements. At these energies the noise of the VPT unit can be expected to influence its performance significantly. It is shown that the noise contribution to the measured energy resolution, under optimal conditions, is consistent with a fluctuation of (one standard deviation) approximately 200 electrons at the VPT anode. For a... (More)
In this work properties of a vacuum phototriode (VPT) and preamplifier unit designed for the electromagnetic calorimeter of the PANDA experiment being built at FAIR are investigated. With the use of lead tungstate and lanthanium bromide scintillators the VPT properties are studied at low photon energies, from tens of key in the lanthanium bromide measurements and between 10 MeV and 60 MeV in the lead tungstate measurements. At these energies the noise of the VPT unit can be expected to influence its performance significantly. It is shown that the noise contribution to the measured energy resolution, under optimal conditions, is consistent with a fluctuation of (one standard deviation) approximately 200 electrons at the VPT anode. For a lead tungstate crystal this is equivalent to a noise of 1.2 MeV. For lanthanium bromide this makes it possible to use VPTs for gamma ray spectroscopy above a few hundreds of keV without noticeable effects on the energy resolution compared to measurements with a standard photomultiplier. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. (Less)
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Vacuum phototriodes, Lead tungstate, Electromagnetic calorimeter, PANDA, Tagged photons, Lanthanium bromide
in
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment
volume
763
pages
36 - 43
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • wos:000341986200006
  • scopus:84903592080
ISSN
0167-5087
DOI
10.1016/j.nima.2014.05.083
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
18e486e2-fb89-4e53-801d-54d1bed19a4d (old id 4803352)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 12:56:14
date last changed
2022-01-27 08:23:50
@article{18e486e2-fb89-4e53-801d-54d1bed19a4d,
  abstract     = {{In this work properties of a vacuum phototriode (VPT) and preamplifier unit designed for the electromagnetic calorimeter of the PANDA experiment being built at FAIR are investigated. With the use of lead tungstate and lanthanium bromide scintillators the VPT properties are studied at low photon energies, from tens of key in the lanthanium bromide measurements and between 10 MeV and 60 MeV in the lead tungstate measurements. At these energies the noise of the VPT unit can be expected to influence its performance significantly. It is shown that the noise contribution to the measured energy resolution, under optimal conditions, is consistent with a fluctuation of (one standard deviation) approximately 200 electrons at the VPT anode. For a lead tungstate crystal this is equivalent to a noise of 1.2 MeV. For lanthanium bromide this makes it possible to use VPTs for gamma ray spectroscopy above a few hundreds of keV without noticeable effects on the energy resolution compared to measurements with a standard photomultiplier. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}},
  author       = {{Makonyi, K. and von Wurtemberg, K. Marcks and Tegner, P. -E. and Hansen, Kurt and Isaksson, Lennart and Lundin, Magnus and Schröder, Bent and Balkestahl, L. and Fransson, K. and Johansson, T. and Rosenbaum, C. and Wolke, M. and Erni, W. and Keshelashvili, I. and Krushe, B.}},
  issn         = {{0167-5087}},
  keywords     = {{Vacuum phototriodes; Lead tungstate; Electromagnetic calorimeter; PANDA; Tagged photons; Lanthanium bromide}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{36--43}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment}},
  title        = {{Evaluating vacuum phototriodes designed for the PANDA electromagnetic calorimeter}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2014.05.083}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.nima.2014.05.083}},
  volume       = {{763}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}