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The Evolutionary Ecology of European Green Crab, Carcinus maenas, in North America

Edgell, Timothy and Hollander, Johan LU (2011) p.641-659
Abstract
Biological invasions offer fertile grounds for studying evolutionary ecology

because species’ contact histories are uncharacteristically well-defined. As a result, invasions can be used to gain glimpses of the earliest micro-evolutionary responses of natural populations to new species’ interactions by studying changes in behaviour, physiology or morphology in space and time. Here, the known history of range expansion by the European green crab Carcinus maenas in North America is used to illustrate factors affecting invasion success and the resilience of native American prey.

We situate our discussion in the bourgeoning field of adaptive phenotypic plasticity. Phenotypic plasticity is the phenomenon where an individual’s... (More)
Biological invasions offer fertile grounds for studying evolutionary ecology

because species’ contact histories are uncharacteristically well-defined. As a result, invasions can be used to gain glimpses of the earliest micro-evolutionary responses of natural populations to new species’ interactions by studying changes in behaviour, physiology or morphology in space and time. Here, the known history of range expansion by the European green crab Carcinus maenas in North America is used to illustrate factors affecting invasion success and the resilience of native American prey.

We situate our discussion in the bourgeoning field of adaptive phenotypic plasticity. Phenotypic plasticity is the phenomenon where an individual’s genotype interacts with its environment to produce better-fit behaviour, physiology, morphology, or life-history. Plasticity is considered adaptive when the environmentally-induced phenotype increases an individual’s fitness. Below, theory about phenotypic plasticity is reviewed as to why it may benefit invasive species in general and specifically Carcinus maenas. The plasticity-invasion hypothesis (i.e., biological invaders benefit from high levels of phenotypic plasticity) is then tested directly by comparing known levels in C. maenas and other invaders to plasticity in a diversity of non-invasive, marine invertebrates. This study also analyses whether phenotypic plasticity has helped North American prey species defend against escalated bouts of predation caused by the C. maenas invasion, and elucidates the role plasticity plays in an apparent case of predatorprey coevolution between C. maenas and at least one species of native gastropod, Littorina obtusata. Finally, knowledge gaps in the case studies presented are discussed along with suggestions for future research aimed at gaining a better appreciation for how plasticity guides phenotypic evolution after a biological invasion. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
and
organization
publishing date
type
Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding
publication status
published
subject
host publication
In the wrong place: alien marine Crustaceans - distribution, biology and impacts
editor
galil, Bella S. ; Clark, Paul F. and Carlton, James T.
pages
641 - 659
publisher
Springer
ISBN
978-94-007-0591-3
978-94-007-0590-6
DOI
10.1007/978-94-007-0591-3
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
Volume 6 in "Invading Nature - Springer Series in Invasion Ecology"
id
0f288173-9276-413a-afa5-e7f103d59661 (old id 1982139)
alternative location
http://www.springerlink.com/content/w804u053401m7u08/fulltext.pdf
date added to LUP
2016-04-04 12:01:49
date last changed
2021-01-06 01:27:05
@inbook{0f288173-9276-413a-afa5-e7f103d59661,
  abstract     = {{Biological invasions offer fertile grounds for studying evolutionary ecology<br/><br>
because species’ contact histories are uncharacteristically well-defined. As a result, invasions can be used to gain glimpses of the earliest micro-evolutionary responses of natural populations to new species’ interactions by studying changes in behaviour, physiology or morphology in space and time. Here, the known history of range expansion by the European green crab Carcinus maenas in North America is used to illustrate factors affecting invasion success and the resilience of native American prey.<br/><br>
We situate our discussion in the bourgeoning field of adaptive phenotypic plasticity. Phenotypic plasticity is the phenomenon where an individual’s genotype interacts with its environment to produce better-fit behaviour, physiology, morphology, or life-history. Plasticity is considered adaptive when the environmentally-induced phenotype increases an individual’s fitness. Below, theory about phenotypic plasticity is reviewed as to why it may benefit invasive species in general and specifically Carcinus maenas. The plasticity-invasion hypothesis (i.e., biological invaders benefit from high levels of phenotypic plasticity) is then tested directly by comparing known levels in C. maenas and other invaders to plasticity in a diversity of non-invasive, marine invertebrates. This study also analyses whether phenotypic plasticity has helped North American prey species defend against escalated bouts of predation caused by the C. maenas invasion, and elucidates the role plasticity plays in an apparent case of predatorprey coevolution between C. maenas and at least one species of native gastropod, Littorina obtusata. Finally, knowledge gaps in the case studies presented are discussed along with suggestions for future research aimed at gaining a better appreciation for how plasticity guides phenotypic evolution after a biological invasion.}},
  author       = {{Edgell, Timothy and Hollander, Johan}},
  booktitle    = {{In the wrong place: alien marine Crustaceans - distribution, biology and impacts}},
  editor       = {{galil, Bella S. and Clark, Paul F. and Carlton, James T.}},
  isbn         = {{978-94-007-0591-3}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{641--659}},
  publisher    = {{Springer}},
  title        = {{The Evolutionary Ecology of European Green Crab, Carcinus maenas, in North America}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0591-3}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/978-94-007-0591-3}},
  year         = {{2011}},
}